Asian Journal Of Dairy and Food Research

Detoxification of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk by Lactic Acid Bacteria

DOI: 10.18805/ajdfr.DR-193    | Article Id: DR-193 | Page : 30-34
Citation :- Detoxification of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk by Lactic Acid Bacteria.Asian Journal Of Dairy and Food Research.2021.(40):30-34
Sanaz Seyedjafarri moradivastegani90@gmail.com
Address : Department of Life Science, Glasgow Caledonian University, UK.
Submitted Date : 1-09-2020
Accepted Date : 28-12-2020
First Online:

Abstract

Background: Aflatoxin M1 is a highly toxic and carcinogenic compound which is found in milk and milk products and it is a hydorxylated metabolite of Aflatoxin B1. When the dairy animal digested AFB1 contaminated feed, it is changed to aflatoxin M1 and transferred to tissues and milk. Aflatoxin M1 is less carcinogenic than AFB1, but it is acutely hepatotoxic as AFB1. Liver is their main target organ in the body. It has been calculated approximately that 0.3- 6.2% of presented AFB1 in animal feed transferred as aflatoxin M1 in milk. Occurrence of AFM1 in milk and milk products is a big concern. Therefore, several countries have standardized the maximum levels of AFM1 in milk and milk products. 
Methods: In this experiment, the ability of yoghurt bacteria to degrade AFM1 levels in milk and yoghurt were analysed. The starter culture of yoghurt contains Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus (1:1). The experiment is carried out in Glasgow Caledonian University, department of life science in 2010. 
Result: These bacteria showed the higher binding ability between 90- 100% in milk samples whereas no considerable reduction was observed in yoghurt samples. In some yoghurt samples, an increase of AFM1 level was detected but in overall, concentration of AFM1 was stable in yoghurt. Also, the fat content of milk and yoghurt did not have any negative or positive effect on the concentration of AFM1 in milk and yoghurt.

Keywords

Aflatoxin Lactic acid bacteria Milk Yogurt

References

  1. Celik, T.H., Sarimehmetoglu, B., Kupulu, O. (2005). Aflatoxin M1 contamination in pasteurised milk. Veterinarski Arhiv. 75(1): 57-65.
  2. Christou, P., Miller, K.D., Paau, A. (1985). Chemical conversion of aflatoxin B1 to M1. Phytochemistry. 24(5): 933-935.
  3. Egmond, H.P. (1983). Mycotoxins in dairy products. Food Chemistry. 11(6): 289-307. 
  4. El-Nezami, H., Kankaanpaa, P., Salminen, S., Ahokas, J. (1998). Ability of dairy strains of lactic acid bacteria to bind a common food carcinogen, Aflatoxinb1. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 36(11): 321-326. 
  5. Evaluation of certain contaminants in food (Eighty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). WHO Technical Report Series WHO Technical Report Series, No.1002, 2017.
  6. Fallah, A.A., Jafari, T., Fallah, A., Rahnama, M. (2009). Determination of aflatoxin M1 levels in Iranian white and cream cheese. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 47(1): 1872-1875. 
  7. Govaris, A., Roussi, V., Koidis, P.A., Botsoglou, N.A. (2002). Distribution and stability of aflatoxin M1 during milk production and storage of yoghurt. Food Additives and Contaminants. 19(11): 1043-1050.
  8. Haskard, C.A., El-Nezami, H.S., Kankaanpaa, P.E., Salminen, S., Ahokas, J.T. (2001). Surface binding of aflatoxin B1 by lactic acid bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 67(7): 3086-3091.
  9. Hussein, H.S., Brasel, M.J. (2001). Toxicity, metabolism and impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals. Toxicology. 167(7): 101-134.
  10. Huwig, A., Freimund, S., Kappeli, O., Dutler, H. (2001). Mycotoxin detoxification of animal feed by different adsorbents. Toxicology Letters. 122(9): 179-188.
  11. Laciaková, A., Cicoòová, P., Máté, D., Laciak, V. (2008). Aflatoxins and possibilities for their biological detoxification. Medycyna Wet. 64(3): 276-279.
  12. Manetta, A., Di Giuseppe, L., Giammarco, M. (2005). High-performance liquid chromatography with post-column derivatisation and fluorescence detection for sensitive determination of aflatoxin M1 in milk and cheese. Journal of Chromatography A. 1083(5): 219-222.
  13. Peracia, M., Radic, B., Lucic, A., Pavolvic, M. (1999). Toxic effects of mycotoxins in humans. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 77(9): 754-764.
  14. Philips, T.D. (1999). Dietary clay in the chemoprevention of aflatoxin-induced disease. Toxicological Sciences. 52(1): 118-126. 
  15. Rustom.Y.S. (1997). Aflatoxin in food and feed: Occurrence, legislation and inactivation by physical methods. Food Chemistry. 59(1): 57-67.

Global Footprints