Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research, volume 40 issue 4 (december 2021) : 440-445

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of a Phyto-supplement on Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

A.O. Oso, R. Umaya Suganthi, P.K. Malik, G. Thirumalaisamy, V.B. Awachat
1ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore-560 030, Karnataka, India.
Cite article:- Oso A.O., Suganthi Umaya R., Malik P.K., Thirumalaisamy G., Awachat V.B. (2021). Effect of Dietary Supplementation of a Phyto-supplement on Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research. 40(4): 440-445. doi: 10.18805/ajdfr.DR-1661.
Background: The effect of a phyto-supplement (PS) composed of Aerva lanata, Piper betle, Cynodon dactylon and Piper nigrum on carcass characteristics was evaluated in commercial broiler chicken.
Methods: A total of 192 day-old commercial broiler chicks were allocated to the four experimental groups and each group was separated into 6 replicates, with 8 birds per replicate. The dietary treatment groups were the positive control (basal diet + antibiotic, chlortetracycline @355g/ metric ton of feed), negative control (0% PS: basal diet only), 1% PS (basal diet +1% PS) and 2% PS (basal diet +2%PS). The trial lasted for 42 days (0 to 42 D of age). The carcass characteristics were recorded for two birds from each replicate at the end of the trial. 
Result: The broilers fed chlortetracycline and 1% PS recorded the highest (P=0.0205) and those fed only basal diet (negative control) recorded the lowest dressing percentage. Broilers fed diet supplemented with 1 and 2% PS exhibited higher (P<0.0001) weight and relative weight of lung than other treatments. Broilers fed diet supplemented with 1 and 2% PS exhibited lower weight (P=0.0032) and relative weight (P=0.0002) of liver when compared with the antibiotic treatment. Feeding 1% PS increased the relative weight of heart quadratically (P=0.044) while 2% PS reduced the weight of heart. Broilers on negative control diet recorded the highest weight (P=0.0002) and relative weight (P<0.0001) of kidney.

  1. Abou-Elkhair, R., Ahmed, H.A. and Selim, S. (2014). Effects of black pepper (Piper nigrum), turmeric powder (Curcuma longa) and coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum) and their combinations as feed additives on growth performance, carcass traits, some blood parameters and humoral immune response of broiler chickens. Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 27: 847-854. 

  2. Abudabos, A.M., Alyemni, A.H., Dafalla, Y.M. and Khan R.U. (2016). The effect of phytogenic feed additives to substitute in-feed antibiotics on growth traits and blood biochemical parameters in broiler chicks challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 23: 24151-24157.

  3. Akbarian, A., Golian, A., Kermanshahi, H., Farhoosh, R., Raji, A.R., Demet, S. and Michiels, J. (2013). Growth performance and gut health parameters of finishing broilers supplemented with plant extracts and exposed to daily increased temperature. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 11: 109-119.

  4. Alloui, M.N., Agabou, A. and Alloui, N. (2014). Application of herbs and phytogenic feed additives in poultry production- A Review. Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research. 2: 234-243.

  5. Amad, A.A., Manner, K., Wendler, K.R., Neumann, K. and Zentek, J. (2011). Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 90(12): 2811-2816.

  6. Basit, M., Arifah, A.K., Loh, T.C., Saleha, A.A., Sallen, A., Kaka, U. and Idris, S.B. (2020). Effects of graded dose dietary supplementation of Piper betle leaf meal and Persicaria odorata leaf meal on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility and gut morphology in broilers. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 27(6): 1503-1513.

  7. Carrasco, J.M.D., Casanova, N.A. and Fern, M.E. (2019). Microbiota, gut health and chicken productivity/ : What Is the Connection?. Microorganisms. 7(374): 1-15.

  8. Choct, M. (2009). Managing gut health through nutrition. British Poultry Science. 50: 9-15. 

  9. Da Silva, J.R.C., Carvalho, F.F.R., Fereira, M.A., De Souza, E.J.O., Maciel, M.I.S., Barreto, L.M.G., Lopes, L.A., Cordeiro, E.H.A. and Veras, A.S.C. (2019). Carcass characteristics and meat quality of sheep fed alfalfa hay to replace Bermuda grass hay. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 51: 2455-2463.

  10. Durairajan, R., Murugan, M., Karthik, K. and Porteen, K. (2021). Farmer’s stance on antibiotic resistance to E. coli and extended spectrum -â-lactamase producing (esbl) E. coli isolated from poultry droppings. Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research. 40: 88-93

  11. Engberg, R.M., Hedemann, M.S. and Jensen, B.B. (2002). The influence of grinding and pelleting of feed on the microbial composition and activity in the digestive tract of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science. 43: 569-579.

  12. Engberg, R.M., Hedemann, M.S., Steenfeldt, S. and Jensen B.B. (2004). Influence of whole wheat and xylanase on broiler performance and microbial composition and activity in the digestive tract. Poultry Science. 83: 925-938.

  13. Gaya, L.G., Costa, M.A., Ferraz, J.B.S., Rezende, F.M., Mattos, E.C., Eler, J.P. Michelan Filho, T., Mourao, G.B. and Figueiredo, L.G.G. (2007). Genetic trends of absolute and relative heart weight in a male broiler line. Genetics and Molecular Research. 6: 1091-1096. 

  14. Hafsa, S.H.A. and Ibrahim, S.A. (2018). Effect of dietary polyphenol rich grape seed on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and ileal microflora in broiler chicks. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 102: 268-275. 

  15. Havenstein, G.B., Ferket, P.R. and Qureshi, M.A. (2003). Carcass composition and yield of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets. Poultry Science. 82: 1509-1518.

  16. Havenstein, G.B., Ferket, P.R., Scheideler, S.E. and Larson, B.T. (1994). Growth, livability and feed conversion of 1991 vs. 1957 broilers when fed typical 1957 and 1991 broiler diets. Poultry Science. 73: 1785-1794.

  17. Jamroz, D., Orda, J., Kamel, C., Wiliczkiewicz, A., Wertelecki, T. and Skorupinska, J. (2003). The inûuence of phytogenic extracts on performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and gut microbial status in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. 12(3): 583-596. 

  18. Jananie, R.K., Priya, V. and Vijayalakshmi, K. (2011). In vitro assessment of free radical scavenging activity of Cynodon dactylon. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 3: 647-654.

  19. Jasemi, S.V., Khazaei, H., Aneva, I.Y., Farzaei, M.H. and Echeverrra, J. (2020) Medicinal plants and phytochemicals for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Frontiers Pharmacology. 11(145): 1-25. 

  20. Lillehoj, H., Liu, Y., Calsamiglia, S., Miyakawa, M, Fang Chi, R.L.C., Sungtaek, O. and Cyril, G.G. (2018). Phytochemicals as antibiotic alternatives to promote growth and enhance host health. Veterinary Research. 49(76): 1-8.

  21. Maidala, A., Mahmud, M. and Dass, H.Y. (2016). Carcass yield and gut characteristics of broiler chickens fed different types of phytogenic plant leaf extract as feed additives. ATBU, Journal of Science, Technology and Education. 4(2): 22-29. 

  22. Manafi, M. (2015). Comparison study of a natural non-antibiotic growth promoter and a commercial probiotic on growth performance, immune response and biochemical parameters of broiler chicks. Journal of Poultry Science. 52: 274-281.

  23. Marpana, R.A.U.J. (2016). Effect of different dress weight categories on yield part percentage and relationship of live and dress weight of broiler carcasses slaughter at different conditions. Journal of Food Science and Technology Nepal. 9: 31-38. 

  24. Mech, A, Suganthi, U., Rao, S.B.N., Sejian, V., Soren, M., David, C., Awachat, V. and Kadakol, V. (2021). Effect of dietary supplementation of linseed oil and nat ural antioxidants on production performance, fatty acid profile and meat lipid per oxidation in broilers. Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research. (40): 62-68. 

  25. Moghadam, H.K., McMillan, I., Chambers, J.R., Julian, R.J. and Tranchant, C.C. (2005). Heritability of sudden death syndrome and its associated correlations to ascites and body weight in broilers. British Poultry Science. 46: 54-57.

  26. Murugesan, G.R., Syed, B., Haldar, S. and Pender, C. (2015). Phytogenic feed additives as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler chickens. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2(21): 1-6.

  27. Nasir, Z. and Grashorn, M.A. (2010). Effects of Echinacea purpurea and Nigella sativa supplementation on broiler performance, carcase and meat quality. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. 19: 94-104.

  28. National Research Council. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. (9th rev.ed.) The National Academies Press, Washington, DC. 

  29. Oso, A.O., Suganthi, R.U., Manjunatha Reddy, G.B., Malik, P.K., Thirumalaisamy, G., Awachat., V.B., Selvaraju, S., Arangasamy, A. and Bhatta, R. (2019). Effect of dietary supplementation with phytogenic blend on growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients, intestinal morphology and cecal microflora of broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 98(10): 4755-4766. 

  30. Paraskeuas, V., Fegeros, K., Palamidi, I., Hunger, C. and Mountzouris, K.C. (2017). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, blood biochemical biomarkers and cytokines expression in broiler chickens fed different phytogenic levels. Animal Nutrition. 3: 114-120.

  31. Pearson, A.W., Greenwood, N.M., Butler, E.J. and Fenwick, G.R. (1983). Biochemical changes in layer and broiler chickens when fed on a high-glucosinolate rapeseed meal. British Poultry Science. 24: 417-427.

  32. Peluso, M.R. (2006). Flavonoids attenuate cardiovascular disease, inhibit phosphodiesterase and modulate lipid homeostasis in adipose tissue and liver. Experimental Biology and Medicine. 231: 1287-1299.

  33. Prihambodo, T.R., Sholikin, M.M., Qomariyah, N., Jayanegara, A., Batubara, I., Utomo, D.B. and Nahrowi, N. (2021). Effects of dietary flavonoids on performance, blood constituents, carcass composition and small intestinal morphology of broilers: a meta-analysis. Animal Bioscience. 34: 434-442.

  34. SAS Institute, (2000). SAS/STAT(R) Inc. User’s Guide, Version 9, SAS Institute, Inc. Cary, NC.

  35. Selvaraj, P., Thangavel, A. and Nanjappan, K. (1998). Plasma biochemical profile of broiler chickens. Indian Veterinary Journal. 75: 1026-1027. 

  36. Singh, D.N., Shukla, P.K., Bhattacharyya, A., Roy, D., Singh, Y. and Rout, P.K. (2020). Effect of dietary supplementation of sea buckthorn leaf meal in coloured breeder and their post hatch chicks on growth performance and serum biochemical attributes during summer season. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54: 1505-1511. 

  37. Singh, V.K., Chauhan, S.S., Ravikanth, K., Maini, S. and Rekhe, D.S. (2009). Effect of dietary supplementation of poly herbal liver stimulant on growth performance and nutrients utilization in broiler chicken. Veterinary World. 2(9): 350-352.

  38. Skrivan, M., Skrivanova, V., Marounek, M., Tumova, E. and Wolf, J. (2000). Influence of dietary fat source and copper supplementation on broiler performance, fatty acid profile of meat and depot fat and on cholesterol content in meat. British Poultry Science. 41: 608-614.

  39. Stevenson, P. (2003). Leg and Heart Problems in Broiler Chickens. Compassion in World Farming.https://www.animallaw.info/article/leg-and-heart-problems-broiler-chickens. Accessed on 9.5.2021.

  40. Suresh, G., Das, R.K., Brar, S.K., Rouissi, T., Ramirez, A.A., Chorfi, Y. and Godbout, S. (2018). Alternatives to antibiotics in poultry feed: molecular perspectives. Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 44(3): 318-335. 

     

Editorial Board

View all (0)