Tropical forests play a critical role in global carbon cycling and climate change mitigation; however, research in this field has expanded rapidly and remains fragmented across disciplines. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications on carbon dynamics in tropical forests from 2000 to 2025 using data from the OpenAlex database. A total of 5,517 articles were analyzed using the Bibliometrix package in R and Biblioshiny to examine publication trends, citation patterns, key authors, sources, collaboration networks and thematic evolution. Results indicate a steady increase in scientific output, with an annual growth rate of 6.76%, reflecting growing global attention to forest-based climate solutions. Highly cited studies emphasize the importance of biomass estimation, carbon mapping and remote sensing technologies. The field is characterized by strong collaboration, with an average of 6.15 co-authors per document and 45.22% international co-authorship. Core journals such as Forest Ecology and Management and Global Change Biology dominate publication output. Thematic analysis reveals a transition from traditional ecological studies to integrated approaches involving remote sensing and environmental science. Despite this progress, a core-periphery pattern persists in global collaboration, highlighting the need for greater inclusion of tropical regions in research. 
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Carbon Dynamics of Tropical Forests and Their Role in Climate Change Mitigation: A Bibliometric Analysis (2000-2025)

Trypanosomiasis is a frequently reported disease in wild and domestic animals and it is a major cause of death in them. It has been detected in most wild species, including deer, elephants, capybaras, jaguars, tigers, lions and other species of domestic animals commonly known as surra in tropical and sub-tropical countries. It causes tremendous economic loss due to illness, decreased productivity, reduced weight gain, decreased milk yield and productivity and death in domestic and wild animals. Early detection and effective management strategies are crucial for controlling the spread of the disease and minimizing its impact on wildlife populations. By providing comprehensive information, such a review article can serve as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners working in the field of wildlife health and conservation. The data from several article related with trypanosomiasis in wild animals were collected between a period of 1971 to 2022. Out of several article dealing with trypanosmiasis in wild animals, seventy-five articles are included as references for the compilation of this review. The article selected for this review are dealing about various aspects of trypanosomiasis in wild animals. The academic research databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science direct etc besides google search engine was used for the selection of various article by using key words viz., trypanosomiasis, prevalence, wild animals, tropical trypanosomiasis, oxidative stress, anaemia, trypanocides etc. The article directly or indirectly related to wildlife trypanosomiasis were selected for this review. The prevalence of trypanosomiasis were reported in various species of wild animals viz., Tigers, Antelopes, Vampire birds, Deer, Shamber, Elephants etc. Transmission of trypanosomiasis to wild animals is comparatively easier in comparison to other animals as it may get infected either by biting flies or by ingesting infected flesh. Pathogenesis of trypanosomiasis in wild animals are mostly associated with cutaneous lesions, anaemia, emaciation, neuropathy, oxidative stressand lymphadenopathy.

Trypanosomiasis in Wild Animals of Tropical and Sub-tropical Region: A Review

Background: The livelihood patterns of indigenous tribal communities residing in the Ghumsur forests are intricately interwoven with their dependence on forest-related activities. However, the degradation of forest ecosystems, particularly the incidence of forest fires, exerts a profound impact on the socio-economic dynamics and resilience of these communities. Consequently, an exigent need arises to comprehensively elucidate, evaluate and comprehend the nuanced characteristics of these areas concerning the complex interplay between forest fires and livelihoods.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: A thorough investigation was conducted to evaluate livelihood vulnerability to forest fires in the Ghumsur North Division forests. This assessment utilized the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI), incorporating 34 indicators condensed into six factors for a comprehensive composite index. The factors represented various aspects of vulnerability and were based on tangible indicators reflecting the complexity of livelihood vulnerability. Data sources were primarily used, with indicators standardized on a scale from 0 to 1, where values near 1 indicated higher vulnerability.&nbsp; 
 
Result: The Gallery sub-region is particularly vulnerable due to factors like poor infrastructure, increased reliance on forests, close proximity to forested areas, socio-economic fragility and exposure to extreme weather events. It&rsquo;s crucial to improve adaptive capacity in fire-affected regions to reduce vulnerability to forest fires. Tailored policy interventions should focus on sector-specific development programs and involve communities in adaptation planning to address the link between livelihoods and susceptibility to forest fires.

Forest Fire Hazards and Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment of Ghumsur Forests in Ganjam District of Odisha

Background: In Russia 5.2 million hectares of protective forest plantations were created on agricultural land. Forest strips optimize moisture turnover, heat and gas exchange of the territory and transform agrarian landscapes into more sustainable forest-agrarian ecosystems (agroforest landscapes). Studying the impact of shelterbelt forests on the transformation of soil properties in the context of climate change (organic carbon storage) is an important problem. The aim of our research was to study the effect of shelterbelt forests on soil indicators and to digitally map the contours of forest-meliorated soils on the test site using GIS-technology and field studies. 
 
Methods: In the present study, the methodology of soil studies in agroforested soils (1978) and the methodology of assessing the accumulation of substances in plants and soils in agroforested landscapes were used to study forest-meliorated soils. We proceeded from the position that the reclamation effect of forest belts occurs at a distance of 30 heights. The research was conducted from 2016 to 2022. 
 
Result: Research has established, that the soil profile under the forest belt has an organogenic horizon A0 (forest floor); the thickness of the humus horizon (A+B1) under the forest belt is 8-10 cm higher compared to other zones. Spatial distribution of humus content in the A+B1 horizon from the forest belt to the centers of inter-belt squares (zone 20H) is not characterized by great variability and clear patterns and on average makes 1.15-1.2%. The increase in calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content in the soil occurs in the direction from the forest belt to the 20H zone. The indicator of dense residue in terms of the content of readily soluble salts is not relevant in estimating the forest belt&rsquo;s influence on transformation of soil properties. A preliminary digital map of the contours of forest-reclaimed soils has been compiled. The obtained materials will serve as a basis for modeling the spatial and temporal dynamics of soils under forest belts in the zonal section and improving soil fertility in the interstrip space.

Influence of Forest Strips on Changes in Soil Properties in the Agrolandscape

Background: Assessing the forest suitability of soils is one of the key areas of agroforestry science. Research in this direction makes it possible to characterize areas where tree and shrub vegetation does not grow under natural conditions. The research carried out makes it possible to assess the possibilities of afforestation in the area of interest; they contribute to the perception of landscape diversity in the context of the reclamation efficiency of the created systems of protective forest plantings, their productivity and durability. Identification of soil suitability for forests is closely related to the assessment of soil quality and fertility. The study of forest suitability of soils has a pronounced regional aspect. This article presents materials from cartographic studies of the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation. The study region is characterized by a wide variety of soil cover. Dark chestnut, chestnut soils and light chestnut soils are common in this zone. The processes of erosion, salinizationand deflation make a great contribution to the diversity of soil complexes. 
 
Methods: In this work, the cartographic research method is the main one. Achieving the research goal, creating a cartographic model of the forest vegetation properties of the study area, was carried out in three stages. At the first stage, the contours of the soil map at a scale of 1:400000 were classified into forest suitability groups. During the second stage, based on the functionality of the QGIS software package, new soil contours were created. At the third stage, area characteristics were taken, share parameters were calculated and an analysis of changes in soil cover was carried out in natural and economic areas. The research materials presented in this article were obtained during the implementation of the state task of the research work of the FSC of Agroecology RAS. The research period is from 2021-08 to 2023-11. 
 
Result: The result of the research is the creation of a cartographic model of the forest suitability of soils in the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region. Based on measuring the areas of soil contours for each of the 17 administrative districts, the ratio of groups of forest suitability of soils was established. The revealed value of the share indicator for the study area as a whole is as follows: soils I, forest suitability groups occupy 10.4% of the territory; II -9.3%; III - 68.3%; IV - 12%. The data obtained are necessary for planning agroforestry work in the study area.

Assessment of Forest Suitability of Soils in the Dry Steppe Zone of the Volgograd Region

Background: The article presents the results of a study which is characterizing the impact of a forest shelterbelt on the productivity and profitability of winter wheat of the dry steppe zone of Volgograd region (Russia). The relevance of the problem was due to the fact that most of the agriculture is used to be concentrated in the steppe and forest-steppe natural zones. It is known that these territories were used to be forest reclamation facilities in the form of a network of protective forest belts. Also it touched&nbsp; the research aimed n need&nbsp; to evaluate the efficiency of winter wheat production within depression zones. The hypothesis means that&nbsp; the soil and climatic conditions of dry steppe regions, were utilizing these depression zone for arable land which significantly reduced the productivity and profitability of winter wheat cultivation. 
 
Methods: The work presents the biological productivity which was taken into account by using the method of meter-long plots in triplicationand a soil moisture was determined by the thermostat-weight method and grain quality was determined by using an infrared analyzer &ldquo;InfraLUM FT-12&rdquo;. The territory was visualized by using an unmanned aerial vehicle and chemical analyzes of soil samples were performed in the soil analysis laboratory of the FSC of Agroecology RAS by using generally accepted methods in soil science. 
 
Result: The research determined that depression zones arise in the steppe and dry steppe zones on the territory of agroforest landscapes near protective forest plantations. The areas of these zones occupy 4-8% of the total arable land area. Observations have shown that soil moisture in the depression zone in the meter-long layer is lower than in the inter-strip space. At the same time, the lack of mineral nutrition elements leads to a significant decrease in biometric indicators and the quality of winter wheat grown.

The Influence of the Depression Zone of Forest Shelterbelts on the Productivity and Profitability of Winter Wheat

<div style="text-align: justify;">In this study Comparative production performance of three broiler strains namely, Hubbard, Vencobb and Vencobb-400 was explored in tropical summer season of Eastern Uttar Pradesh state of India. Experiment was conducted on 450 broiler chicks, 150 chicks of each strain with three replications of 50 birds each. The performance of the broiler strains were measured in terms of feed intake, body weight gain and FCR, dressing and mortality percentage. Their performance on the aforementioned criteria was observed, three times, at the age of 14 days, 28 days and 42 days during the experimental period. It was observed that there exists a significant difference in performance in terms of feed intake, live weight, body weight gain and FCR among the three broiler strains during the experimental period and even at each stage of experimental age of 14, 28 and 42 day. The mortality was also significantly different in each strain and at each stage of experimental age. There was a significant difference in the dressing percentage among the three strains of broilers at the age of 42 days. Results indicated that Vencobb-400 performed best followed by the Hubbard strain. Therefore, both Vencobb-400 and Hubbard broiler strains may be recommended as economic and more suitable for rearing in tropical summer season of Eastern Uttar Pradesh of India.</div>

Comparative production performance of Hubbard, Vencobb and Vencobb-400 broiler strains during tropical summer season

Background: Quantifying the growth patterns, biomass production and carbon storage capability of different forest types has gained more attention in recent decades due to the global focus on climate change and carbon budgeting. Depending on their condition, age, species makeup and management techniques, forests can be both generators and sinks of carbon. Significant carbon reservoirs can be found in the North-Western Himalayan broadleaf forests, which are frequently distinguished by their multi-layered canopies and abundant understory vegetation. 
 
Methods: The current investigation was carried out in the broad leaf forest of Solan district in Himachal Pradesh from 2020-21 to 2021-22. The study region belongs to subtropical to sub temperate climatic zone. The identified research area was split into five replicates of 10 &times; 10 m each. All of the trees in each replication were chosen and counted. A total of 41 trees from the broad leaf forest were chosen and the tree species included. Bauhinia variegata, Grewia optiva, Pinus roxburghii, Toona ciliata and Quercus leucotricophora. Tree biomass and growth at the study site were counted. The following growth metrics were measured: total tree height, crown length, crown spread, crown index and Dbh. Volume equations were used to estimate biomass. Growth and biomass metrics were averaged (Mean+S.E.). 
 
Result: Present study provided the information about growth of broad leaf forest, its biomass and capacity to sequester carbon in the mid-hill Himalayas. With a height of 18.33 metres, Pinus roxburghii dominated the forest tree stand while- Bauhinia variegata had height and crown spread of 5.06 m and 0.57 m, respectively. The calculated total biomass of broad leaf forest was 407.48 Mg/ha/year, that might have contributed to the total carbon stock of 183.36 Mg/ha/year. Carbon was sequestered by broad leaf forest at a rate of 672.95 Mg/ha/year. The findings indicated that excellent management methods are necessary for such forests to have improved soil and carbon-storing capacity.&nbsp;

Growth, Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Broad Leaf Forest in North-West Himalayas

Background: Fabaceae is third largest family of angiosperms and second important family from commercial and economic point of view. The purpose of the present study was to examine the floristic analysis and species diversity of the family Fabaceae in Community Forests of South Haryana, India in view of recent classification recognised by Legume Phylogeny Working Group. Though the community forests are fragmented but still act as local mini biodiversity host spots harbouring rich plant diversity. 
 
Methods: Repeated floristic surveys were conducted in different seasons during the year 2023 and 2024. Detailed field notes were recorded and photographs were taken in the natural conditions. 
 
Result: The outcome of study revealed 61 species belonging to 34 genera, 16 tribes and 4 subfamilies from the studied area. The subfamily Papilionoideae is the most dominant, comprising 10 tribes, 21 genera and 41 species. Phaseoleae is the largest tribe with 7 genera and 9 species, followed by Mimoseae with 4 genera and 4 species. Indigofera emerged as the largest genus, comprising 8 species. The Simpson&rsquo;s index value proved that the Fabaceae family in Community Forests has high diversity. The analysis of growth form indicated that the Fabaceae family is dominated by Herbs with a proportion of 48%. Therophytes have highest number of species (44%), followed by Phenerophytes (36%), Chaemephytes (18%), Hemicrytophytes (2%). The findings of the present study will be helpful for botanists, conservationist, policy planners and local people for effective management of community forests.

Floristic Diversity of the Family Fabaceae (Leguminosae) in Community Forests of South Haryana, India

<div>Background: Milking behaviour of dairy cows has remarkable influences on their production efficacy. A number of genetic and environmental features controls and affects lactating behaviour of dairy cow. The aim of present study was to investigate the influence of seasons on milking behaviour and milk production of Jersey crossbred cows in tropical climate. 
 
Methods: The experiment was conducted on 94 Jersey crossbred cows maintained at organized dairy farm at ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India and there lactating behavioural features were studied during milking time inside the milking parlour under different seasons. The study period was divided into 3 season&rsquo;s viz. rainy (September-October), winter (November-February) and summer (March-May). 
 
Result: Seasons showed influence upon milking behaviour and milk yield of cows. Temperament of cows were least (1.91&plusmn;0.03) during winter seasons as compare to rainy and summer (2.15&plusmn;0.03; 2.09&plusmn;0.03) respectively and it differed significantly (P&lt;0.01), simultaneously daily milk yield were also more (9.36&plusmn;0.11) kgs during winter seasons as compare to rainy and summer (6.63&plusmn;0.13; 8.58&plusmn;0.13) respectively and it differed significantly (P&lt;0.01). It can be concluded from the study that seasons showed significant influence on the milking behavioural features and milk yield in Jersey crossbred cows in tropical climate, which suggests that if dairy animals get favourable micro-climatic environment and reduced level of environmental stress they will behave more favourably and simultaneously their production efficacy also inclines.</div>