- Abbas, T.E. (2013). The use of Moringa oleifera in poultry diets. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 37: 492-496.
- Abousekken, M.S.M. (2015). Performance, Immune Response and carcass quality of broilers fed low protein diets contained either Moringa oleifera leaves meal or its extract. Journal of American Science. 11(6): 153-164.
- Amerah, A.M., Romero, L.F., Awati, A. and Ravindran, V. (2016). Effect of exogenous xylanase, amylase and protease as single or combined activities on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broilers fed corn/soy diets. Poultry Science. 96(4): 807-816.
- AOAC. (2016). Official method of analysis, 20th edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D.C.
- BIS (2007). Bureau of Indian Standards, Poultry Feeds Specification. (5th Revision), Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi-11.
- Castanon, J.I.R. (2007). History of the use of antibiotic as growth promoters in European poultry feeds. Poult Sci. 86: 2466-2471.
- DAHD (2019). 20th Livestock Census, Animal Husbandry Statistics Division, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Govt of India.
- Duncan, D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometrics. 11: 1-42.
- Egu, U.N. (2019). Effect of graded levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on performance and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Sci. Vet. Med. 4(1): 1-8.
- Hamid, M.A.H. and Mukhtar, A.M. (2016). Effect of feeding moringa leaf meal with or without enzyme on the performance and carcass characteristic of broiler chicks. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 5(9): 26-37.
- Haribhau, G.A., Lakshmi, K.V., Alexander, G. and Gurram, S. (2020). Effect of supplementation of multiple enzymes to the diets containing variable protein sources on performance and nutrient utilization in commercial broilers. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 52: 1739-1744.
- Kakengi, A.M.V., Shem, M.N., Sarwatt, S.V. and Fujihara, T. (2003). Can Moringa oleifera be used as a protein supplement to ruminants? Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 18(1): 42-47.
- Kamble, R.S., Kukude, R.J., Ramteke, B.N., Zanzad, A. and Gawande, T.R. (2007). Effect of multienzymes with probiotics on production efficiency in broilers. Royal Veterinary Journal of India. 3: 16-19.
- Mbikay, M. (2012). Therapeutic potential of Moringa oleifera leaves in chronic hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. Pharmacol. 3: 1-2.
- Mikhail, W.Z.A., El-Samee, M.O.A., El-Afifi, T.M. and Mohammed, A.R. (2020). Effect of feeding Moringa oleifera leaf meal with or without enzyme on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. Plant Archives. 20(1): 3381-3388.
- Najeeb, A.P., Mandal, P. K. and Pal, U.K. (2014). Efficacy of fruits (red grapes, gooseberry and tomato) powder as natural preservatives in restructured chicken slices. International Food Research Journal. 21(6): 2431-2436.
- Nikam, M.G. and Reddy, V., Raju, M.V.L.N., Reddy, K. and Narasimha, J. (2016). Effect of dietary supplementation of non-starch polysaccharide hydrolyzing enzymes on broilers. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research. 6(3): 389-396.
- Olugbemi, T.S., Mutayoba, S.K. and Lekule, F.P. (2010). Effect of moringa (Moringa oleifera) inclusion in cassava based diets fed to broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 9 (4): 363-367.
- Rambabu, D., Reddy, V.R., Qudratullah, S., Reddy, M.R. and Reddy, K.K. (2012). Evaluation of Fibre Degrading Enzymes in High and Low Fibre Diets and their Impacts on Broiler performance. XXIX Annual Conference and National Symposium of Indian Poultry Science Association (IPSACON- 2012) on Commercial and Rural Poultry Production: Novel Concepts and Strategies to Meet Growing Demand and Changing Consumer’s Needs on 5th-7th December at Hyderabad. pp: 112.
- Sangilimadan, K., Omprakash, A.V., Pandian, P.C. and Curchill, R.R. (2012). Effect of supplementation of multienzyme and antibiotic on growth performance of Nandanam broiler chicken. XXIX Annual conference and national symposium of Indian poultry science association (IPSACON-2012) on commercial and rural poultry production: Novel concepts and strategies to meet growing demand and changing consumer’s needs on 5th-7th December at Hyderabad. pp: 59.
- Sarker, M.S.K., Rana, M.M., Khatun, H., Faruque, S., Sarker, N.R., Sharmin, F. and Islam, M.N. (2017). Moringa leaf meal as natural feed additives on the growth performance and meat quality of commercial broiler chicken. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 3(2): 240-244.
- Sharifi, S.D. Golestani, G., Yaghobfar, A., Khadem, A. and Pashazanussi, H. (2013). Effect of supplementing a multienzyme to broiler diets containing a high level of wheat or canola meal on intestinal morphology and performance of chicks. J. Applied Poult. Res. 22: 671-679.
- Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1989). Statistical Methods. Oxford and IBH Publishing Company, New Delhi.
- Swain, B.K. and Chakurkar, E.B. (2009). Assessment of problend supplementation on the performance and economics of production of vanaraja chickens. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 36: 203-06.
- Swain, B.K., Naik, P.K. and Singh, N.P. (2014). Performance, carcass characteristics and economics of production of broiler chickens fed diet supplemented with multienzyme. Indian Journal of Poultry Science. 49(2): 163-166.
- Tekeli, A., Celik, L. and Kutlu, H.R. (2011). Effects of Z. officinale and propolis extracts on the performance, carcass and some blood parameters of broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 1: 12-23.
- Teteh, A., Gbeassor, M., Decuypere, E. and Tona, K. (2016). Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf on laying rate, egg quality and blood parameters. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 15: 277-282.
- Verma, A., Vijayakumar, M., Mathela, C. and Rao, C. (2009). In vitro and in vivo antioxidant properties of different fractions of Moringa oleifera leaves. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 9: 2196-2201.
- Voemesse, K., Teteh, A., Nideou, D., Nnanle, O., Gbeassor, M., Decuypere, E. and Tona, K. (2018). Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on growth performance and blood parameters of egg type chicken during juvenile growth. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 17: 154-159.
- Yadava, P.K., Niranjan, P.S., Udeybir, S.K. and Verma, D.N. (2009). Performance of broiler chicken as affected by varying levels of multi enzyme supplementation. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology. 9: 103-08.
- Zakaria, H.A.H., Jalal, M.A.R. and Ishmais, M.A.A. (2010). The influence of supplemental multienzyme feed additive on the performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science. 9: 126-33.
Submitted Date : 18-12-2020
Accepted Date : 2-02-2021
First Online: