Current IssueSpecial IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive
Current IssueSpecial IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Full Research Article

Impact of Novel Albit-BR Bio-preparation on Growth, Yield and Quality Characteristics of Tomato Cultivars Raised under Open Field Conditions in Moscow Region

B
B.K. Yakob1,2,*
0009-0002-4034-9090
M
M.S. Gins1,3
0000-0001-5995-2696
A
A.K. Zlotnikov4
1Department of Agro-Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
2Hamelmalo Agricultural College, Keren, Eritrea.
3Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, VNIISSOK, Moscow Region, Russia.
4Albit Scientific and Industrial LLC, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

ABSTRACT

Background: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second-most important vegetable, following potato for its nutritional, health and economical values worldwide. However, climate change, coupled with the indiscriminate application of inorganic chemicals, is causing tremendous challenges in agricultural production systems.

Methods: In the study, seven different doses “Albit-BR” (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 50 L/ha) were used to compare their effect against the control (water alone) in four tomato cultivars namely fonaric, malets, revansh and talisman. The experimental field was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with each treatment being replicated three times.

Result: As per the results of the interaction of the variety and the bio-preparation, it was noted that the plants of the varieties treated at a dose of 2.5 liters/ha produced the highest total yields for fonarik (76.48 t/ha), malets (84.35 t/ha) and talisman (85.88 t/ha), while for the revansh variety those plants that received 5 l/ha produced the highest yield (81.06 t/ha). Thus, to maximize the production potential of the tomato crop, it is recommended to choose the Talisman variety and, out of seven doses of the “Albit-BR” bio-preparation, it is better to apply it at a dose of 2.5 liters/ha. 

INTRODUCTION

Tomato is one of the most widely cultivated horticultural crops worldwide (Castrosanto et al., 2021). Tomatoes contain high levels of antioxidants that are beneficial to human health. Among them, polyphenols and carotenoids are important antioxidant substances in tomato fruits, which have anticancer and immunomodulatory effects (Ali et al., 2020).  Although tomato comprises a great deal of nutrients that could help in maintaining the health of humans, its sustainability is jeoparadized by the ongoing climate changes, indiscriminate application of synthetic fertilizers and by the use of poor quality irrigation water. Despite the concerns arising regarding the availability of a sufficient quantity of organic materials for agricultural needs, organic nutrient sources are prioritized over synthetic chemicals  (Krithika  et al., 2025).
       
Previous studies have shown that the application of biostimulants such as seaweed extracts, protein hydrolysates and beneficial microorganisms can significantly enhance tomato growth, yield, nutrient uptake efficiency and fruit quality under both optimal and reduced N conditions (Mauro et al., 2024; Paradiso et al., 2024; Ganugi et al., 2023 and Cozzolino et al., 2021). Albit-BR is also one of the biological products obtained by composting sprouted grains of field crops, which was developed by the Scientific and Production Limited Liability Company Albit (Pushchino, Moscow region). In the field trial conducted in 2019 in the Tula region on gray forest soils, with the Albit-BR preparation applied at the sowing of white mustard in the fields of LLC “Tesnitskoye.” showed that the preparation at a dosage of 1 l/ha reduced the number of pathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium by 67% (Kurakov et al., 2020).  Hence, the study was conducted in three consecutive years starting from 2023 until 2025 with the aim of evaluating the effect of the bio-preparation Albit-BR on the growth, development, yield and quality characteristics of tomato cultivars.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Description of the study site
 
The three years study (2023-2025) was conducted in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, VNIISSOK, Moscow Region to assess the effect of the biostimulant or bioremediant on the growth, yield and quality traits of tomato cultivars.
 
Methodology of the study
 
The study comprised four tomato cultivars namely, Fonaric, Malets, Revansh and Talisman and seven different doses of Albit-BR bio-preparation. The seven doses of the bio-preparation were 0.1 L/ha, 0.5 L/ha, 1 L/ha, 2.5 L/ha, 5 L/ha, 10 L/ha and 50 L/ha and these were applied one day before seedling transplanting and they were all compared against the control (lone water). The experimental field was laid out to fit a randomized block design (RBD) with each treatment being replicated three times.
 
Chlorophyll content
 
Chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content were measured during the incipience of flowering by crushing 0.25 g of leaf sample in 2 mL of 80% acetone, then samples were filtered through whatmans filter paper and the final volume was completed to 25 mL (Ali et al., 2021). The chlorophyll content was determined according to the method used by Najafzadeh and Safari (2022), the absorbance were measured at wave lengths 645 and 663 nano-meters (nm) and the values in mg g-1 of fresh weight were determined using the following equations.
 
Total chlorophyll = Chl a + Chl b
 
        Quantification on a mg/g was made through:
 
 
                                 
                     
 
 
 
Where,
V and W= Volume of solvent and weight of leaf tissue.
 
Carotenoids
 
Both beta-carotene and lycopene  were evaluated using the technique reported by Fernandes et al., (2022). The fruit samples of 500 mg were vigorously shaken with 10 mL of acetone/hexane mixture (4:6, v/v) for 1 min and filtered through Whatman 4 filter paper. Finally the absorbance was measured at 453, 505, 645 and 663 nm and the content of carotenoids (β-carotene and lycopene) were obtained by using the following equations and expressed in mg per 100 g of fresh weight (Fw).
 
β-carotene (mg/100 mL) = 0.216 x Abs663 - 1.220 x Abs645 - 0.304 x Abs505 + 0.452 x Abs453
 
Lycopene (mg/100 mL) = -0.0458 x Abs663 + 0.204 x Abs645 - 0.304 x Abs505 + 0.452 x Abs453
 
Statistical analysis
 
The data collected was analyzed using gene-stat software (version 2011) through analysis of variance and the mean comparison was made at 5% level of significance using the critical difference (CD) or least significant difference (LSD) values. 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Plant height
 
When treating four tomato varieties with the Albit-BR bio-preparation, a significant effect was found on plant height in all three consecutive years of research, as well as on the average values of these years (Table 1). When the role of the bio-preparation was assessed on the basis of the average values of the three years, all the four tomato cultivars were noticeably influenced by the application of Albit-BR for their plant height. Out of the seven doses applied, 2.5 l/ha produced the tallest plants in fonarik (66.67 cm) and in Revansh (79.89 cm) whereas the tallest plants in malets (90.33 cm) and talisman (90.33 cm) cultivars were recorded from 0.5 l/ha and 1 l/ha, respectively. The significant increase of the plant height in the current study may have been resulted due to the fact that Albit-BR has the potential to increase the nitrogen content of the soil (Zlotnikov et al., 2020a) where this nutrient plays a crucial role in the cell division there by leading to increased plant height.

Table 1: Height of tomato plants of various varieties under the influence of various doses of the biological preparation Albit-BR (cm) (Average data for three years).


 
Number of leaves
 
The interaction of the variety and the bio-preparation had a significant impact on the number of leaves for all three years, as well as on the average values for three years (Table 2). As for the average number of leaves over three years, the effect of using the Albit-BR bio-preparation caused a significant effect only in the Malets variety when the bio-preparation was used in doses from 1 to 10 l/ha. The largest number of leaves (29.72) was obtained from the Malets variety treated with the Albit-BR bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha. The fact that Albit-BR replenishes the soil with nutrients through nitrogen fixation, decomposition and humification (https://albitbr.com), could possibly cause improvements on the number of leaves produced by the tomato plants. In line with the current outcomes, Mzibra et al., (2021) found the significant effect of polysaccharide-enriched extracts (PEE) on the number of leaves in tomato plants.

Table 2: Number of leaves of tomato varieties under the influence of various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (Average data for three years).


 
Leaf area
 
The use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation led to a noticeable increase in the leaf area of all four tomato varieties during the entire three-year study period, as well as on average of these years (Table 3). With respect to the average leaf area of the three years, applying the bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha showed the highest significant leaf area values in fonarik (147.27 cm2), malets (131.5 cm2), revansh (124.13 cm2) and talisman (127.3 cm2) cultivars. The significant effect of the bio-preparation Albit-BR in our study could be due to the positive effect of Albit-BR in improving the number of saprotrophic mucoral fungi (Zlotnikov et al., 2020b) which are associated with the replenishment of soil fertility. In line with our current results, Abdelkader et al., (2021) showed the significant effect of the biostimulants: Rutfarmaxifol and radifarm on the leaf area of tomato plants.

Table 3: The leaf area of tomato varieties under the influence of various doses of the biological preparation Albit-BR (Average data for three years).


 
Chlorophyll A
 
During the entire three-year research period, the use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation showed a significant increase in the chlorophyll A content in the leaves of all four tomato varieties (Table 4). Based on the averaged chlorophyll A content for the three years, the use of the bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha, resulted in the highest values-1.368 mg/g, 1.308 mg/g, 1.326 mg/g and 1.364 mg/g in the Fonarik, Malets, Revansh and Talisman varieties, respectively. Similar to the current findings, Kalozoumis (2023) and Naboulsi et al., (2022) reported the significant increase of chlorophyll A through the use of the biostimulator albit and the biostimulant “Crataegus oxyacantha extract”, respectively.

Table 4: Leaf chlorophyll a content of tomato varieties influenced by various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (mg/g) (Average data for three years).


 
Chlorophyll B
 
When evaluating the effect of the use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation on the composition of chlorophyll B of the tomato cultivars, significant effect was noted throughout the three years (Table 5).  As for the average chlorophyll B content for the three-year study, all four tomato varieties were significantly improved with the use of Albit-BR. Out of the seven doses, 5 l/ha produced the highest values-0.738 mg/g for the fonarik, 0.695 mg/g for the malets and 0.689 mg/g for the revansh, while the talisman had the highest value (0.729 mg/g) at 10 l/ha. In line with our results, the application of the commercial biostimulator “Microsense root” (Turan et al., 2023) and the biostimulator “Crataegus oxyacantha extract” (Naboulsi et al., 2022) showed significant increase of the chlorophyll B composition of tomato leaves.

Table 5: Leaf chlorophyll B content of tomato varieties influenced by various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (mg/g) (Average data for three years).


 
Number of fruits
 
When assessing the combined effect of the variety and the bio-preparation doses on the number of tomatoes harvested, noticeable differences in the values of this parameter existed during all the three years, as well as the average values of these years (Table 6). The three-year average results indicated that the largest number of fruits in the fonarik (21.14), malets (44.4) and talisman (32.48) varieties was obtained upon using the bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha, however, the Revansh variety (33.8) showed the greatest value at a dose of 5 l/ha. Similar to the current results, application of the biostimulants like “seaweed extracts” and “humic acids” (Sani et al., 2020), as well as the biopreparation “Fitop” (Petrov and shakirov, 2018) increased the number of tomato fruits. Similarly the culture of microalgae “Chlorella vulgaris” also caused significant increase of the number of tomato fruits.

​

Table 6: The number of fruits harvested per plant in different varieties under the influence of different doses of the biological preparation Albit-BR (Average data for three years).


 
Total yield
 
The assessment of the effect of the bio-preparation Albit-BR on the total yield of each of the four tomato varieties revealed statistical significance for the entire study period, as well as for the average data for three years (Table 7). The pooled and averaged values for the three years revealed that, the total yield of tomato fruits reached the maximum levels in the fonarik (76.48 t/ha), malets (84.35 t/ha) and talisman (85.88 t/ha) varieties when the plants of these varieties were treated with Albit-BR bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 liters/ha, while the Revansh variety showed the maximum yield (81.06 t/ha) at 5 l/ha. Since Albit-BR enhances the multiplication of the useful endophytic microflora (Zlotnikov et al., 2020a; Zlotnikov et al., 2020b),  the microbes can lead to yield increase due to the effect of  such microbes on the nitrogen fixation and the conversion of inaccessible phosphorus and potassium into accessible forms.  In line to current results, the biopreparations Basilus pumillus (He et al., 2019) and rutfarmaxifol and radifarm (Abdelkader et al., 2021) in tomato and Seaweed extract, humic acid and chitosan in finger millet (Midde et al., 2026), increased the yield of these crops remarkably.

​

Table 7: Total yield of tomato varieties under the influence of various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (t/ha) (Average data for three years).


 
Beta-carotene content
 
The use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation on tomato varieties had a significant effect on the beta-carotene content of the tomato varieties during the entire study period, as well as on average values for these three years (Table 8). According to the average beta-carotene content obtained from the average of the three years results, the bio-preparation used at a dose of 2.5 l/ha in Talisman variety, 5 l/ha in malets variety and 10 l/ha in fonarik variety provided the highest beta-carotene content: 2.377 mg/100 g, 2.718 mg/100 g, 3.157 mg/100 g and 2.891 mg/100 g, respectively. In harmony with our findings, significant increase of the betacarotene content of tomato fruits was reported when using the biopreparation Albit-BR (Yakob and Gins, 2025). In addition to this, the biostimulants “PGPM-1” (Quintarelli et al., 2025), “Radifarm” (Abdelkader et al., 2021) were also found to increase the carotenoid composition in tomato fruits.

Table 8: Beta-carotene composition of tomato varieties as affected by various doses of Albit-BR biopreparation (mg/100 g) (Average data for three years).


 
Lycopene content
 
Although the use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation did not significantly increase the lycopene content in the Revansh variety during the three-year study period, all other three varieties showed higher lycopene content when treated with the bio-preparation during all three years, as well as when assessing the three-year averages (Table 9). As indicated in the three-year averages, despite the fact that the lycopene content in the Revansh variety was significantly reduced due to the use of the bio-preparation, a significant increase was found in all three other varieties. The highest lycopene content in the tomato varieties “Fonarik” (17.77 mg/100 g), “Malets” (18.61 mg/100 g), “Revansh” (15.17 mg/100 g) and “Talisman” (17.54 mg/100 g) was observed in doses of Albit-BR: 10 l/ha, 5 l/ha, 0 l/ha or control and 2.5 l/ha, respectively. The fact that biostimulants possess higher sulfate content (Mzibra et al., 2021), can enhance the  absorption nutrients from the soil and improve the resistance to abiotic stress (Kocira et al., 2020) could increase the lycopene composition of the fruits. Similarly, “Bayfolan algae” (Mallick et al., 2024), trichoderma and seaweed extract (Sani et al., 2020) showed significant increase of the lycopene in tomato fruits.

Table 9: Lycopene composition of tomato varieties as affected by various doses of Albit-BR biopreparation (mg/100 g) (Average data for three years).

CONCLUSION

When evaluating the effect of using the bio-preparation for each of the four tomato varieties based on the average results obtained over three years, it was found that the interaction effect is significant for all the parameters considered. Having found a noticeable effect of the bio-preparation on the total yield of each of the four tomato varieties, we found that the use of 2.5 l/ha of the bio-preparation for the fonarik, malets and talisman varieties and 5 l/ha for the revansh variety resulted in the highest values-76.48 t/ha, 84.35 t/ha, 85.88 t/ha and 81.06 t/ha, respectively. In addition, Malets plants treated at a dose of 5 l/ha showed the highest values of lycopene (18.61 mg/100 g) and beta-carotene (3.157 mg/100 g) and these values significantly exceeded all other 31 interactions of the variety and the bio-preparation. Albit-BR treatment caused the highest increase of total yield for malets (39.17%), fonarik (57.17%) and talisman (48.68%) at 2.5 l/ha whereas for Revansh cultivar the highest yield increase (25.34%) was observed in 5 l/ha of Albit-BR when compared to their respective controls. Hence, it can be concluded that the bio-preparation should be applied within the range of 2.5 to 5 l/ha to achieve maximum production.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The present study was supported by the institution of the vegetable and flower production in Vniissok (Moscow region) where full access for the land and laboratory was provided. Thus, special thanks goes to Myazar and his colleagues for their relentless assistance in the field activities and Valentina Karlovna in the laboratory activities.
 
Disclaimers
 
The views and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their affiliated institutions. The authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the information provided, but do not accept any liability for any direct or indirect losses resulting from the use of this content.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article. No funding or sponsorship influenced the design of the study, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

REFERENCES


  1. Abdelkader, M.M., Gaplaev, M.S., Terekbaev, A.A. and Puchkov, M.Y. (2021). The influence of biostimulants on tomato plants cultivated under hydroponic systems. Journal of Horticultural Research. 29(2): 107-116.

  2. Albit Research and Production Firm LLC (Pushchino Science City, Moscow Region). A new preparation for soil health and fertility: Albit-BR® remediator (Albit-BioRemediant). https:// www.albitbr.com/ [Accessed on 1, December 2025].

  3. Ali, M.Y., Sina, A.A.I., Khandker, S.S., Neesa, L., Tanvir, E.M., Kabir, A. and Gan, S.H. (2020). Nutritional composition and bioactive compounds in tomatoes and their impact on human health and disease: A review. Foods. 10(1): 45. doi: 10.3390/foods10010045.

  4. Ali, K.A., Noraldeen, S.S and Yaseen, A.A. (2021). An evaluation study for chlorophyll estimation techniques. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture. 37(4): 1458-1465. 

  5. Castrosanto, M.A., Alvarez, M.R., Salamanez, K.C., Nacario, R.C. and Completo, G.C. (2021). Barnyard grass [Echinochloa crus galli (L.) Beauv] leaves extract against tomato pests. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 101(15): 6289-6299.

  6. Cozzolino, E., Di Mola, I., Ottaiano, L., El-Nakhel, C., Rouphael, Y. and Mori, M. (2021). Foliar application of plant-based biostimulants improve yield and upgrade qualitative characteristics of processing tomato. Italian Journal of Agronomy. 16(2): 1825. doi: 10.4081/ija.2021.1825.

  7. Fernandes, Â., Chaski, C., Pereira, C., Kostic, M., Rouphael, Y., Sokovic, M., Barros, L. and Petropoulos, S.A. (2022). Water stress alleviation effects of biostimulants on greenhouse-grown tomato fruit. Horticulturae. 8(7): 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8070645.

  8. Ganugi, P., Fiorini, A., Tabaglio, V., Capra, F., Zengin, G., Bonini, P., Caffi, T., Puglisi, E., Trevisan, M. and Lucini, L. (2023). The functional profile and antioxidant capacity of tomato fruits are modulated by the interaction between microbial biostimulants, soil properties and soil nitrogen status. Antioxidants. 12(2): 520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ antiox12020520.

  9. He, Y., Pantigoso, H.A., Wu, Z. and Vivanco, J.M. (2019). Co inoculation of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas putida at different development stages acts as a biostimulant to promote growth, yield and nutrient uptake of tomato. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 127(1): 196-207.

  10. Kalozoumis, T.M. (2023). Combining solid digestate with microorganisms and a biostimulant for a potentially enhanced quality of soilless organically grown tomato plants. Second cycle, A2E. Alnarp: SLU, Dept. of Plant Breeding (from 130101). 

  11. Kocira, S., Szparaga, A., Hara, P., Treder, K., Findura, P., Bartoš, P. and Filip, M. (2020). Biochemical and economical effect of application biostimulants containing seaweed extracts and amino acids as an element of agroecological management of bean cultivation. Scientific Reports. 10(1): 17759. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74959-0.

  12. Krithika, C., Santhi, R., Maragatham, S., Devi, R.P. and Vijayalakshmi, D. (2025). Effect of integrated plant nutrient management based on soil test crop response on primary plant nutrients uptake and quality parameters of blackgram on alfisols in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu, India. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 59(6): 948-954. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-6175.

  13. Kurakov, A.V., Fedorova, M.D., Zlotnikov, A.K. and Zlotnikov, K.M. (2020). The effect of biopreparations on the community of micromycetes in gray forest soil. In Modern trends in the scientific support of the agro-industrial complex (pp. 50-53) (In Russian).

  14. Mallick, S., Karak, C., Roy, B., Chakraborty, B., Das, P. and Bhutia, P. (2024). Effects of bio stimulants on growth, yield and quality of tomato. International Journal of Economic Plants. 11(3): 347-352.

  15. Mauro, R. P., Distefano, M., Steingass, C.B., May, B., Giuffrida, F., Schweiggert, R. and Leonardi, C. (2024). Boosting cherry tomato yield, quality and mineral profile through the application of a plant-derived biostimulant. Scientia Horticulturae. 337: 113597. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113597.

  16. Midde, K.S., Adarsh V., Sai Vikram M. and Vamshi M. (2026). Integrated application of bio-stimulants and inorganic fertilizers on growth and productivity of ragi (Eleusine coracana). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 60(8): 1263-1268. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-6526.

  17. Mzibra, A., Aasfar, A., Khouloud, M., Farrie, Y., Boulif, R., Kadmiri, I.M., Bamouh, A. and Douira, A. (2021). Improving growth, yield and quality of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by the application of Moroccan seaweed-based biostimulants under greenhouse conditions. Agronomy. 11(7): 1373. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071373.

  18. Naboulsi, I., Ben Mrid, R., Ennoury, A., Zouaoui, Z., Nhiri, M., Ben Bakrim, W., Yasri, A. and Aboulmouhajir, A. (2022). Crataegus oxyacantha extract as a biostimulant to enhance tolerance to salinity in tomato plants. Plants. 11(10): 1283. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101283.

  19. Najafzadeh, N.Z. and Safari, S.A.A. (2022). Effect of soil contamination and antibiotics application on growth and some physiological traits of beans in greenhouse condition. ECOPERSIA. 10(4): 267-283.

  20. Paradiso, R., Di Mola, I., Ottaiano, L., Cozzolino, E., Pelosi, M.E., Rippa, M., Mormile, P. and Mori, M. (2024). Integrating smart greenhouse cover, reduced nitrogen dose and biostimulant application as a strategy for sustainable cultivation of cherry Tomato. Plants. 13(3): 440. https:// doi.org/10.3390/plants13030440.

  21. Petrov, A.F. and Shakirov, R.G. (2018). The influence of biopreparations and the substrate used on the yield of tomatoes in small- scale hydroponic installations. In Role of agricultural science in the sustainable development of rural areas (pp. 145-147) (Russian).

  22. Quintarelli, V., Borgatti, D., Baretta, M., Stazi, S.R., Allevato, E., Pancaldi, S., Baldisserotto, C., Mancinelli, R., Tedeschi, P., Radicetti, E. and Hassine, M.B. (2025). Microbial biofertilizers and algae based biostimulant affect fruit yield characteristics of organic processing tomato. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 105(1): 530-539.

  23. Sani, M.N.H., Islam, M.N., Uddain, J., Chowdhury, M.S.N. and Subramaniam, S. (2020). Synergistic effect of microbial and nonmicrobial biostimulants on growth, yield and nutritional quality of organic tomato. Crop Science. 60(4): 2102-2114. 

  24. Turan, M., Ekinci, M., Argin, S., Brinza, M. and Yildirim, E. (2023). Drought stress amelioration in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings by biostimulant as regenerative  agent. Frontiers in Plant Science. 14: 1211210. 

  25. Yakob, K.B. and Gins, S.M. (2025). Developmental and quality traits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) cultivars as affected by albitbr bio-stimulant. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 59(10): 1528-1534. doi: 10.18805/ IJARe.AF-953.

  26. Zlotnikov, A.K. (2020a). New Product Albit-BR and Assessment of its Effectiveness in Field Trials. In: [Zlotnikov, A.K., Zlotnikov, K.M., Lukin, S.M., Slesareva, T.N.S., Kurakov, A.V.], Collection of Articles of the XIX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Science and Innovation in the XXI century,” Penza, pp. 120-123. (Russian).

  27. Zlotnikov, A.K., Zlotnikov, K.M., Pavulsone, S.A. and Goroshkova, D.D. (2020b). The method of preparing multipurpose compost. Actual issues of science and technology: Collection of articles of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference, Penza, April 25, 2020/Responsible  editor: Gulyaev German Yuryevich. -Penza: “Science and Enlightenment” (IP Gulyaev G.Yu.), 2020. -pp. 108- 110. (Russian).
Published In
Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
Article Metrics
Metrics Icon
19
Views
0
Citations
Reviewed By
Share Article
Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Full Research Article

    Impact of Novel Albit-BR Bio-preparation on Growth, Yield and Quality Characteristics of Tomato Cultivars Raised under Open Field Conditions in Moscow Region

    B
    B.K. Yakob1,2,*
    0009-0002-4034-9090
    M
    M.S. Gins1,3
    0000-0001-5995-2696
    A
    A.K. Zlotnikov4
    1Department of Agro-Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
    2Hamelmalo Agricultural College, Keren, Eritrea.
    3Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, VNIISSOK, Moscow Region, Russia.
    4Albit Scientific and Industrial LLC, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second-most important vegetable, following potato for its nutritional, health and economical values worldwide. However, climate change, coupled with the indiscriminate application of inorganic chemicals, is causing tremendous challenges in agricultural production systems.

    Methods: In the study, seven different doses “Albit-BR” (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 50 L/ha) were used to compare their effect against the control (water alone) in four tomato cultivars namely fonaric, malets, revansh and talisman. The experimental field was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with each treatment being replicated three times.

    Result: As per the results of the interaction of the variety and the bio-preparation, it was noted that the plants of the varieties treated at a dose of 2.5 liters/ha produced the highest total yields for fonarik (76.48 t/ha), malets (84.35 t/ha) and talisman (85.88 t/ha), while for the revansh variety those plants that received 5 l/ha produced the highest yield (81.06 t/ha). Thus, to maximize the production potential of the tomato crop, it is recommended to choose the Talisman variety and, out of seven doses of the “Albit-BR” bio-preparation, it is better to apply it at a dose of 2.5 liters/ha. 

    INTRODUCTION

    Tomato is one of the most widely cultivated horticultural crops worldwide (Castrosanto et al., 2021). Tomatoes contain high levels of antioxidants that are beneficial to human health. Among them, polyphenols and carotenoids are important antioxidant substances in tomato fruits, which have anticancer and immunomodulatory effects (Ali et al., 2020).  Although tomato comprises a great deal of nutrients that could help in maintaining the health of humans, its sustainability is jeoparadized by the ongoing climate changes, indiscriminate application of synthetic fertilizers and by the use of poor quality irrigation water. Despite the concerns arising regarding the availability of a sufficient quantity of organic materials for agricultural needs, organic nutrient sources are prioritized over synthetic chemicals  (Krithika  et al., 2025).
           
    Previous studies have shown that the application of biostimulants such as seaweed extracts, protein hydrolysates and beneficial microorganisms can significantly enhance tomato growth, yield, nutrient uptake efficiency and fruit quality under both optimal and reduced N conditions (Mauro et al., 2024; Paradiso et al., 2024; Ganugi et al., 2023 and Cozzolino et al., 2021). Albit-BR is also one of the biological products obtained by composting sprouted grains of field crops, which was developed by the Scientific and Production Limited Liability Company Albit (Pushchino, Moscow region). In the field trial conducted in 2019 in the Tula region on gray forest soils, with the Albit-BR preparation applied at the sowing of white mustard in the fields of LLC “Tesnitskoye.” showed that the preparation at a dosage of 1 l/ha reduced the number of pathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium by 67% (Kurakov et al., 2020).  Hence, the study was conducted in three consecutive years starting from 2023 until 2025 with the aim of evaluating the effect of the bio-preparation Albit-BR on the growth, development, yield and quality characteristics of tomato cultivars.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS

    Description of the study site
     
    The three years study (2023-2025) was conducted in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, VNIISSOK, Moscow Region to assess the effect of the biostimulant or bioremediant on the growth, yield and quality traits of tomato cultivars.
     
    Methodology of the study
     
    The study comprised four tomato cultivars namely, Fonaric, Malets, Revansh and Talisman and seven different doses of Albit-BR bio-preparation. The seven doses of the bio-preparation were 0.1 L/ha, 0.5 L/ha, 1 L/ha, 2.5 L/ha, 5 L/ha, 10 L/ha and 50 L/ha and these were applied one day before seedling transplanting and they were all compared against the control (lone water). The experimental field was laid out to fit a randomized block design (RBD) with each treatment being replicated three times.
     
    Chlorophyll content
     
    Chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content were measured during the incipience of flowering by crushing 0.25 g of leaf sample in 2 mL of 80% acetone, then samples were filtered through whatmans filter paper and the final volume was completed to 25 mL (Ali et al., 2021). The chlorophyll content was determined according to the method used by Najafzadeh and Safari (2022), the absorbance were measured at wave lengths 645 and 663 nano-meters (nm) and the values in mg g-1 of fresh weight were determined using the following equations.
     
    Total chlorophyll = Chl a + Chl b
     
            Quantification on a mg/g was made through:
     
     
                                     
                         
     
     
     
    Where,
    V and W= Volume of solvent and weight of leaf tissue.
     
    Carotenoids
     
    Both beta-carotene and lycopene  were evaluated using the technique reported by Fernandes et al., (2022). The fruit samples of 500 mg were vigorously shaken with 10 mL of acetone/hexane mixture (4:6, v/v) for 1 min and filtered through Whatman 4 filter paper. Finally the absorbance was measured at 453, 505, 645 and 663 nm and the content of carotenoids (β-carotene and lycopene) were obtained by using the following equations and expressed in mg per 100 g of fresh weight (Fw).
     
    β-carotene (mg/100 mL) = 0.216 x Abs663 - 1.220 x Abs645 - 0.304 x Abs505 + 0.452 x Abs453
     
    Lycopene (mg/100 mL) = -0.0458 x Abs663 + 0.204 x Abs645 - 0.304 x Abs505 + 0.452 x Abs453
     
    Statistical analysis
     
    The data collected was analyzed using gene-stat software (version 2011) through analysis of variance and the mean comparison was made at 5% level of significance using the critical difference (CD) or least significant difference (LSD) values. 

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

    Plant height
     
    When treating four tomato varieties with the Albit-BR bio-preparation, a significant effect was found on plant height in all three consecutive years of research, as well as on the average values of these years (Table 1). When the role of the bio-preparation was assessed on the basis of the average values of the three years, all the four tomato cultivars were noticeably influenced by the application of Albit-BR for their plant height. Out of the seven doses applied, 2.5 l/ha produced the tallest plants in fonarik (66.67 cm) and in Revansh (79.89 cm) whereas the tallest plants in malets (90.33 cm) and talisman (90.33 cm) cultivars were recorded from 0.5 l/ha and 1 l/ha, respectively. The significant increase of the plant height in the current study may have been resulted due to the fact that Albit-BR has the potential to increase the nitrogen content of the soil (Zlotnikov et al., 2020a) where this nutrient plays a crucial role in the cell division there by leading to increased plant height.

    Table 1: Height of tomato plants of various varieties under the influence of various doses of the biological preparation Albit-BR (cm) (Average data for three years).


     
    Number of leaves
     
    The interaction of the variety and the bio-preparation had a significant impact on the number of leaves for all three years, as well as on the average values for three years (Table 2). As for the average number of leaves over three years, the effect of using the Albit-BR bio-preparation caused a significant effect only in the Malets variety when the bio-preparation was used in doses from 1 to 10 l/ha. The largest number of leaves (29.72) was obtained from the Malets variety treated with the Albit-BR bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha. The fact that Albit-BR replenishes the soil with nutrients through nitrogen fixation, decomposition and humification (https://albitbr.com), could possibly cause improvements on the number of leaves produced by the tomato plants. In line with the current outcomes, Mzibra et al., (2021) found the significant effect of polysaccharide-enriched extracts (PEE) on the number of leaves in tomato plants.

    Table 2: Number of leaves of tomato varieties under the influence of various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (Average data for three years).


     
    Leaf area
     
    The use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation led to a noticeable increase in the leaf area of all four tomato varieties during the entire three-year study period, as well as on average of these years (Table 3). With respect to the average leaf area of the three years, applying the bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha showed the highest significant leaf area values in fonarik (147.27 cm2), malets (131.5 cm2), revansh (124.13 cm2) and talisman (127.3 cm2) cultivars. The significant effect of the bio-preparation Albit-BR in our study could be due to the positive effect of Albit-BR in improving the number of saprotrophic mucoral fungi (Zlotnikov et al., 2020b) which are associated with the replenishment of soil fertility. In line with our current results, Abdelkader et al., (2021) showed the significant effect of the biostimulants: Rutfarmaxifol and radifarm on the leaf area of tomato plants.

    Table 3: The leaf area of tomato varieties under the influence of various doses of the biological preparation Albit-BR (Average data for three years).


     
    Chlorophyll A
     
    During the entire three-year research period, the use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation showed a significant increase in the chlorophyll A content in the leaves of all four tomato varieties (Table 4). Based on the averaged chlorophyll A content for the three years, the use of the bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha, resulted in the highest values-1.368 mg/g, 1.308 mg/g, 1.326 mg/g and 1.364 mg/g in the Fonarik, Malets, Revansh and Talisman varieties, respectively. Similar to the current findings, Kalozoumis (2023) and Naboulsi et al., (2022) reported the significant increase of chlorophyll A through the use of the biostimulator albit and the biostimulant “Crataegus oxyacantha extract”, respectively.

    Table 4: Leaf chlorophyll a content of tomato varieties influenced by various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (mg/g) (Average data for three years).


     
    Chlorophyll B
     
    When evaluating the effect of the use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation on the composition of chlorophyll B of the tomato cultivars, significant effect was noted throughout the three years (Table 5).  As for the average chlorophyll B content for the three-year study, all four tomato varieties were significantly improved with the use of Albit-BR. Out of the seven doses, 5 l/ha produced the highest values-0.738 mg/g for the fonarik, 0.695 mg/g for the malets and 0.689 mg/g for the revansh, while the talisman had the highest value (0.729 mg/g) at 10 l/ha. In line with our results, the application of the commercial biostimulator “Microsense root” (Turan et al., 2023) and the biostimulator “Crataegus oxyacantha extract” (Naboulsi et al., 2022) showed significant increase of the chlorophyll B composition of tomato leaves.

    Table 5: Leaf chlorophyll B content of tomato varieties influenced by various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (mg/g) (Average data for three years).


     
    Number of fruits
     
    When assessing the combined effect of the variety and the bio-preparation doses on the number of tomatoes harvested, noticeable differences in the values of this parameter existed during all the three years, as well as the average values of these years (Table 6). The three-year average results indicated that the largest number of fruits in the fonarik (21.14), malets (44.4) and talisman (32.48) varieties was obtained upon using the bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 l/ha, however, the Revansh variety (33.8) showed the greatest value at a dose of 5 l/ha. Similar to the current results, application of the biostimulants like “seaweed extracts” and “humic acids” (Sani et al., 2020), as well as the biopreparation “Fitop” (Petrov and shakirov, 2018) increased the number of tomato fruits. Similarly the culture of microalgae “Chlorella vulgaris” also caused significant increase of the number of tomato fruits.

    ​

    Table 6: The number of fruits harvested per plant in different varieties under the influence of different doses of the biological preparation Albit-BR (Average data for three years).


     
    Total yield
     
    The assessment of the effect of the bio-preparation Albit-BR on the total yield of each of the four tomato varieties revealed statistical significance for the entire study period, as well as for the average data for three years (Table 7). The pooled and averaged values for the three years revealed that, the total yield of tomato fruits reached the maximum levels in the fonarik (76.48 t/ha), malets (84.35 t/ha) and talisman (85.88 t/ha) varieties when the plants of these varieties were treated with Albit-BR bio-preparation at a dose of 2.5 liters/ha, while the Revansh variety showed the maximum yield (81.06 t/ha) at 5 l/ha. Since Albit-BR enhances the multiplication of the useful endophytic microflora (Zlotnikov et al., 2020a; Zlotnikov et al., 2020b),  the microbes can lead to yield increase due to the effect of  such microbes on the nitrogen fixation and the conversion of inaccessible phosphorus and potassium into accessible forms.  In line to current results, the biopreparations Basilus pumillus (He et al., 2019) and rutfarmaxifol and radifarm (Abdelkader et al., 2021) in tomato and Seaweed extract, humic acid and chitosan in finger millet (Midde et al., 2026), increased the yield of these crops remarkably.

    ​

    Table 7: Total yield of tomato varieties under the influence of various doses of Albit-BR biological preparation (t/ha) (Average data for three years).


     
    Beta-carotene content
     
    The use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation on tomato varieties had a significant effect on the beta-carotene content of the tomato varieties during the entire study period, as well as on average values for these three years (Table 8). According to the average beta-carotene content obtained from the average of the three years results, the bio-preparation used at a dose of 2.5 l/ha in Talisman variety, 5 l/ha in malets variety and 10 l/ha in fonarik variety provided the highest beta-carotene content: 2.377 mg/100 g, 2.718 mg/100 g, 3.157 mg/100 g and 2.891 mg/100 g, respectively. In harmony with our findings, significant increase of the betacarotene content of tomato fruits was reported when using the biopreparation Albit-BR (Yakob and Gins, 2025). In addition to this, the biostimulants “PGPM-1” (Quintarelli et al., 2025), “Radifarm” (Abdelkader et al., 2021) were also found to increase the carotenoid composition in tomato fruits.

    Table 8: Beta-carotene composition of tomato varieties as affected by various doses of Albit-BR biopreparation (mg/100 g) (Average data for three years).


     
    Lycopene content
     
    Although the use of the Albit-BR bio-preparation did not significantly increase the lycopene content in the Revansh variety during the three-year study period, all other three varieties showed higher lycopene content when treated with the bio-preparation during all three years, as well as when assessing the three-year averages (Table 9). As indicated in the three-year averages, despite the fact that the lycopene content in the Revansh variety was significantly reduced due to the use of the bio-preparation, a significant increase was found in all three other varieties. The highest lycopene content in the tomato varieties “Fonarik” (17.77 mg/100 g), “Malets” (18.61 mg/100 g), “Revansh” (15.17 mg/100 g) and “Talisman” (17.54 mg/100 g) was observed in doses of Albit-BR: 10 l/ha, 5 l/ha, 0 l/ha or control and 2.5 l/ha, respectively. The fact that biostimulants possess higher sulfate content (Mzibra et al., 2021), can enhance the  absorption nutrients from the soil and improve the resistance to abiotic stress (Kocira et al., 2020) could increase the lycopene composition of the fruits. Similarly, “Bayfolan algae” (Mallick et al., 2024), trichoderma and seaweed extract (Sani et al., 2020) showed significant increase of the lycopene in tomato fruits.

    Table 9: Lycopene composition of tomato varieties as affected by various doses of Albit-BR biopreparation (mg/100 g) (Average data for three years).

    CONCLUSION

    When evaluating the effect of using the bio-preparation for each of the four tomato varieties based on the average results obtained over three years, it was found that the interaction effect is significant for all the parameters considered. Having found a noticeable effect of the bio-preparation on the total yield of each of the four tomato varieties, we found that the use of 2.5 l/ha of the bio-preparation for the fonarik, malets and talisman varieties and 5 l/ha for the revansh variety resulted in the highest values-76.48 t/ha, 84.35 t/ha, 85.88 t/ha and 81.06 t/ha, respectively. In addition, Malets plants treated at a dose of 5 l/ha showed the highest values of lycopene (18.61 mg/100 g) and beta-carotene (3.157 mg/100 g) and these values significantly exceeded all other 31 interactions of the variety and the bio-preparation. Albit-BR treatment caused the highest increase of total yield for malets (39.17%), fonarik (57.17%) and talisman (48.68%) at 2.5 l/ha whereas for Revansh cultivar the highest yield increase (25.34%) was observed in 5 l/ha of Albit-BR when compared to their respective controls. Hence, it can be concluded that the bio-preparation should be applied within the range of 2.5 to 5 l/ha to achieve maximum production.

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

    The present study was supported by the institution of the vegetable and flower production in Vniissok (Moscow region) where full access for the land and laboratory was provided. Thus, special thanks goes to Myazar and his colleagues for their relentless assistance in the field activities and Valentina Karlovna in the laboratory activities.
     
    Disclaimers
     
    The views and conclusions expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their affiliated institutions. The authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the information provided, but do not accept any liability for any direct or indirect losses resulting from the use of this content.

    CONFLICT OF INTEREST

    The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article. No funding or sponsorship influenced the design of the study, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

    REFERENCES


    1. Abdelkader, M.M., Gaplaev, M.S., Terekbaev, A.A. and Puchkov, M.Y. (2021). The influence of biostimulants on tomato plants cultivated under hydroponic systems. Journal of Horticultural Research. 29(2): 107-116.

    2. Albit Research and Production Firm LLC (Pushchino Science City, Moscow Region). A new preparation for soil health and fertility: Albit-BR® remediator (Albit-BioRemediant). https:// www.albitbr.com/ [Accessed on 1, December 2025].

    3. Ali, M.Y., Sina, A.A.I., Khandker, S.S., Neesa, L., Tanvir, E.M., Kabir, A. and Gan, S.H. (2020). Nutritional composition and bioactive compounds in tomatoes and their impact on human health and disease: A review. Foods. 10(1): 45. doi: 10.3390/foods10010045.

    4. Ali, K.A., Noraldeen, S.S and Yaseen, A.A. (2021). An evaluation study for chlorophyll estimation techniques. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture. 37(4): 1458-1465. 

    5. Castrosanto, M.A., Alvarez, M.R., Salamanez, K.C., Nacario, R.C. and Completo, G.C. (2021). Barnyard grass [Echinochloa crus galli (L.) Beauv] leaves extract against tomato pests. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 101(15): 6289-6299.

    6. Cozzolino, E., Di Mola, I., Ottaiano, L., El-Nakhel, C., Rouphael, Y. and Mori, M. (2021). Foliar application of plant-based biostimulants improve yield and upgrade qualitative characteristics of processing tomato. Italian Journal of Agronomy. 16(2): 1825. doi: 10.4081/ija.2021.1825.

    7. Fernandes, Â., Chaski, C., Pereira, C., Kostic, M., Rouphael, Y., Sokovic, M., Barros, L. and Petropoulos, S.A. (2022). Water stress alleviation effects of biostimulants on greenhouse-grown tomato fruit. Horticulturae. 8(7): 645. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8070645.

    8. Ganugi, P., Fiorini, A., Tabaglio, V., Capra, F., Zengin, G., Bonini, P., Caffi, T., Puglisi, E., Trevisan, M. and Lucini, L. (2023). The functional profile and antioxidant capacity of tomato fruits are modulated by the interaction between microbial biostimulants, soil properties and soil nitrogen status. Antioxidants. 12(2): 520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ antiox12020520.

    9. He, Y., Pantigoso, H.A., Wu, Z. and Vivanco, J.M. (2019). Co inoculation of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas putida at different development stages acts as a biostimulant to promote growth, yield and nutrient uptake of tomato. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 127(1): 196-207.

    10. Kalozoumis, T.M. (2023). Combining solid digestate with microorganisms and a biostimulant for a potentially enhanced quality of soilless organically grown tomato plants. Second cycle, A2E. Alnarp: SLU, Dept. of Plant Breeding (from 130101). 

    11. Kocira, S., Szparaga, A., Hara, P., Treder, K., Findura, P., Bartoš, P. and Filip, M. (2020). Biochemical and economical effect of application biostimulants containing seaweed extracts and amino acids as an element of agroecological management of bean cultivation. Scientific Reports. 10(1): 17759. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74959-0.

    12. Krithika, C., Santhi, R., Maragatham, S., Devi, R.P. and Vijayalakshmi, D. (2025). Effect of integrated plant nutrient management based on soil test crop response on primary plant nutrients uptake and quality parameters of blackgram on alfisols in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu, India. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 59(6): 948-954. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-6175.

    13. Kurakov, A.V., Fedorova, M.D., Zlotnikov, A.K. and Zlotnikov, K.M. (2020). The effect of biopreparations on the community of micromycetes in gray forest soil. In Modern trends in the scientific support of the agro-industrial complex (pp. 50-53) (In Russian).

    14. Mallick, S., Karak, C., Roy, B., Chakraborty, B., Das, P. and Bhutia, P. (2024). Effects of bio stimulants on growth, yield and quality of tomato. International Journal of Economic Plants. 11(3): 347-352.

    15. Mauro, R. P., Distefano, M., Steingass, C.B., May, B., Giuffrida, F., Schweiggert, R. and Leonardi, C. (2024). Boosting cherry tomato yield, quality and mineral profile through the application of a plant-derived biostimulant. Scientia Horticulturae. 337: 113597. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2024.113597.

    16. Midde, K.S., Adarsh V., Sai Vikram M. and Vamshi M. (2026). Integrated application of bio-stimulants and inorganic fertilizers on growth and productivity of ragi (Eleusine coracana). Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 60(8): 1263-1268. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-6526.

    17. Mzibra, A., Aasfar, A., Khouloud, M., Farrie, Y., Boulif, R., Kadmiri, I.M., Bamouh, A. and Douira, A. (2021). Improving growth, yield and quality of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by the application of Moroccan seaweed-based biostimulants under greenhouse conditions. Agronomy. 11(7): 1373. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071373.

    18. Naboulsi, I., Ben Mrid, R., Ennoury, A., Zouaoui, Z., Nhiri, M., Ben Bakrim, W., Yasri, A. and Aboulmouhajir, A. (2022). Crataegus oxyacantha extract as a biostimulant to enhance tolerance to salinity in tomato plants. Plants. 11(10): 1283. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11101283.

    19. Najafzadeh, N.Z. and Safari, S.A.A. (2022). Effect of soil contamination and antibiotics application on growth and some physiological traits of beans in greenhouse condition. ECOPERSIA. 10(4): 267-283.

    20. Paradiso, R., Di Mola, I., Ottaiano, L., Cozzolino, E., Pelosi, M.E., Rippa, M., Mormile, P. and Mori, M. (2024). Integrating smart greenhouse cover, reduced nitrogen dose and biostimulant application as a strategy for sustainable cultivation of cherry Tomato. Plants. 13(3): 440. https:// doi.org/10.3390/plants13030440.

    21. Petrov, A.F. and Shakirov, R.G. (2018). The influence of biopreparations and the substrate used on the yield of tomatoes in small- scale hydroponic installations. In Role of agricultural science in the sustainable development of rural areas (pp. 145-147) (Russian).

    22. Quintarelli, V., Borgatti, D., Baretta, M., Stazi, S.R., Allevato, E., Pancaldi, S., Baldisserotto, C., Mancinelli, R., Tedeschi, P., Radicetti, E. and Hassine, M.B. (2025). Microbial biofertilizers and algae based biostimulant affect fruit yield characteristics of organic processing tomato. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 105(1): 530-539.

    23. Sani, M.N.H., Islam, M.N., Uddain, J., Chowdhury, M.S.N. and Subramaniam, S. (2020). Synergistic effect of microbial and nonmicrobial biostimulants on growth, yield and nutritional quality of organic tomato. Crop Science. 60(4): 2102-2114. 

    24. Turan, M., Ekinci, M., Argin, S., Brinza, M. and Yildirim, E. (2023). Drought stress amelioration in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings by biostimulant as regenerative  agent. Frontiers in Plant Science. 14: 1211210. 

    25. Yakob, K.B. and Gins, S.M. (2025). Developmental and quality traits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill.) cultivars as affected by albitbr bio-stimulant. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 59(10): 1528-1534. doi: 10.18805/ IJARe.AF-953.

    26. Zlotnikov, A.K. (2020a). New Product Albit-BR and Assessment of its Effectiveness in Field Trials. In: [Zlotnikov, A.K., Zlotnikov, K.M., Lukin, S.M., Slesareva, T.N.S., Kurakov, A.V.], Collection of Articles of the XIX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Science and Innovation in the XXI century,” Penza, pp. 120-123. (Russian).

    27. Zlotnikov, A.K., Zlotnikov, K.M., Pavulsone, S.A. and Goroshkova, D.D. (2020b). The method of preparing multipurpose compost. Actual issues of science and technology: Collection of articles of the II International Scientific and Practical Conference, Penza, April 25, 2020/Responsible  editor: Gulyaev German Yuryevich. -Penza: “Science and Enlightenment” (IP Gulyaev G.Yu.), 2020. -pp. 108- 110. (Russian).
    In this Article
      Contact us
      Follow us
      Published In
      Indian Journal of Agricultural Research

      Editorial Board

      View all (0)