<div>Background: Infectious coryza is a bacterial disease caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum which causes acute respiratory disease in chickens but it is also reported in Indian peafowls. Although this is a treatable condition in peafowls but need to diagnose and treat as earliest possible to save peafowls. The aim is to present reported cases of infectious coryza in peafowls.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: From 2017 to 2020 total seven cases of peafowls showing symptoms of swollen eyes, sticky discharge from eyes and nostrils, closed eye lids due to swelling, purulent discharge from eyes and caseous masses were also observed while pressing of swelling over eyes were reported from different part of Solapur district. Gasping was common symptom observed in all the peafowls. All the cases were confirmed as infectious coryza on the basis of symptoms, though the ocular and nasal swabs were submitted for bacterial isolation to the laboratory. All peafowls were treated by using parenteral antibiotic injection Gentamicin @ 4.4 mg/kg of body weight and non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAID) injection Meloxicam @ 0.2 mg/kg of body weight and cleaning of eyes with distilled water and instillation of gentamicin and diclofenac eye drops, oral administration of multivitamins and energy drinks. 
 
Result: Out of seven cases, 6 were female and 1 was male peafowl. Recovery rate was 85.71% and all recovered peafowl were released back in the nature. Recovery was depending on severity of symptoms and all six birds recovered within one to three weeks&rsquo; time.</div>

Reports of Infectious Coryza in Peafowls (Pavo cristatus) at Solapur District of Maharashtra, India

<div>Background: Infectious coryza is an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum causing heavy economical loss to the poultry farmers. The laboratory diagnosis of Av. paragallinarum infection is based mainly on conventional methods such as isolation and identification of the organisms. In modern poultry industry, the rapid diagnosis of Av. paragallinarum is essential along with detection of variation among the serotypes.&nbsp;&nbsp; 
 
Methods: A total of 128 samples (viz., heart blood swabs, tracheal, eye and infra orbital swabs) suspected for infectious coryza were screened for the presence of Av. paragallinarum by isolation and molecular characterization. Information regarding farm/flock strength, age of birds, method of rearing, production performance, clinical symptoms manifested and mortality patterns from various organized poultry farms were recorded. A total of five isolates of Av. paragallinarum have been recovered from suspected materials processed for isolation. Two isolates were sequenced and analysed.&nbsp; 
 
Result: All the isolates showed same biochemical characters but exhibited variability in the fermentation of mannose, mannitol and sorbitol. The nucleotide variation of Av. paragallinarum present in Indian subcontinent differs in their virulence and pathogenicity. The study was also focused for the molecular characterisation of Avibacterium species from different isolates. Though the clinical signs and gross pathological signs were similar, the nucleotide variation between isolates was observed. Sequencing of &lsquo;hagA&rsquo; gene showed that the two isolates were closely related to the strains of China, Australia, Mexico and India which shared 94-100% homology.</div>

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Avibacterium paragallinarum from Poultry

Background: There are a number of densely situated marginal, small as well as large farmers, registered as well as unregistered poultry farms in the various pockets of this region. This region has witnessed a revolutionary history of poultry growth for decades. It seems that there is great potential in rearing of poultry under backyard farming system which is one of the pre-requisite components for organic poultry farming. Keeping these facts and looking the importance and due to limited information regarding organic poultry farming and documentation and validation of ethnoveterinary remedies should be carried out for treatment of poultry disease under organic poultry system. 
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Methods: An analytical study of organic poultry farming was conducted on 240 randomly selected poultry farmers of 16 villages in 08 tehsils of 04 districts of Non-tribal and Tribal areas of southern Rajasthan to identify the different types of health care practices adopted by the respondents in rearing of poultry farming. 
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Result: The data on health management practices revealed that majority of the respondents practice self-treatment of sick birds (43.33 and 41.67%), do not follow vaccination of chicks (85.00 and 92.50%), attack by a predator was the main cause of mortality (60.00 and 61.67%), coryza was the major disease encountered at their farm (55.00 and 60.00%), do not follow deworming programme (79.16 and 90.83%), reported non-availability of veterinary facilities (94.16 and 96.67%) and do not use antibiotics/growth promoters for poultry with (100 and 100%), respectively in Non-TSP and TSP area. The majority of respondents throw the dead birds in the open (85.40 and 91.67%), don&rsquo;t use lime/quick lime for disinfection in poultry shed (85.84 and 95.84%), culling the birds due to sickness (50.83 and 53.33%), use herbal medicine (85.00 and 79.16%), cleaning of water trough weekly (60.00 and 64.16%), reported 15-20 percent mortality (55.00 and 50.00%) and report monsoon season is major seasonal incidence of disease with&nbsp; 62.50 and 67.50%, respectively in Non-TSP and TSP area.

Reports of Infectious Coryza in Peafowls (Pavo cristatus) at Solapur District of Maharashtra, India

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Avibacterium paragallinarum from Poultry

Health Care Management Practices Adopted for Organic Poultry Farming in TSP and Non-TSP Area of Rajasthan