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Research Article

volume 53 issue 8 (august 2019) : 1025-1028,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-903

The effect of bupivacaine on gastrocnemius muscle contractility in rats with diabetes

A
A. Pelit
B
B. Taºtekin
A
A. Demirkazýk
K
K. Daðlýoðlu
1Çukurova University, Medical Faculty Biophysics Department, Adana, Turkey.
Cite article:- Pelit A., Taºtekin B., Demirkazýk A., Daðlýoðlu K. (2018). The effect of bupivacaine on gastrocnemius muscle contractility in rats with diabetes. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(8): 1025-1028. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-903.

ABSTRACT

This study examined the changes in skeletal muscle contraction parameters after the injection of bupivacaine into the gastrocnemius muscle in diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar albino rats (230–270 g) were divided into four groups: Group I: Untreated healthy control; Group II: Healthy injected with Bupivacaine; Group III: Diabetic control; Group IV: Diabetic injected with bupivacaine. The diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) injection at 45 mg/kg in tail vein. On 7th day of streptozotocin injection, the rats in groups II and IV were injected with 0.25% bupivacaine at 8 mg/kg body weight into the gastrocnemius muscle.  Three weeks post bupivacaine application, the animals were sacrificed and right leg gastrocnemius muscle was isolated for studying various parameters such as muscle twitch, tetanic force, contraction and relaxation time, and maximum contraction and relaxation rates. The blood glucose estimation showed that the rats in group III and IV developed diabetes at two days after administration of streptozotocin. The administration of bupivacaine resulted in a significant (p<0.05) increase in the muscle twitch parameters both in Group II and Group IV. Thus, bupivacaine can increase muscle contractility in diabetic muscles also.

REFERENCES

  1. Acharyya S and Guttridge DC. (2007)Cancer cachexia signaling pathways continue to emerge yet much still points to the proteasome. Clin Cancer Res, 13(5): 1356–61.
  2. Bodine SC, Stitt TN, Gonzalez M, KlineWO, Stover GL, Bauerlein R, Zlotchenko E, Scrimgeour A, Lawrence JC, Glass DJ, Yancopoulos GD. (2001) Akt/mTOR pathway is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and can prevent muscle atrophy in vivo. Nat Cell Biol, (2010) 3(11): 1014–9.
  3. Budhwar S, Jood S. 2010. Nutritional Status of Subjects Hisar City Suffering from non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J. Dairying Foods & H.S., 29(1): 25-31
  4. Carlson BM, Gutmann E. (1972) Development of contractile properties of minced muscle regenerates in the rat. Exp Neurol, 36(2): 239-49.
  5. Carlson BM, Hnik P, Tucek S, Vejsada R, Bader DM and Faulkner JA. (1981) Comparison between grafts with intact nerves and standard free grafts of the rat extensor digitorum longus muscle. Physiol Bohem, 30: 505-513.
  6. Carlson BM, Emerick S, Komorowski TE, Rainin EA, Shepard BM.(1992) Extraocular muscle regeneration in primates; local anesthetic induced lesions. Ophthalmology, 99(4): 582–9.
  7. Frier BC, Noble EG and Locke M. (2008) Diabetes-induced atrophy is associated with a muscle-specific alteration in NF-êB activation and expression. Cell Stress Chaperones, 13(3): 287–96.
  8. Graboski CL, Gray DS, Burnham RS:(2005) Botulinum toxin A versus bupivacaine trigger point injections for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized double blind crossover study. Pain, 118(1-2): 170-175.
  9. Hall-Craggs EC.(1980) Early ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle exposed to local anaesthetic bupivacaine (Marcaine). Br J Exp Pathol, 61(2): 139–49.
  10. Hasselgren PO, Wray C, Mammen J. (2002) Molecular regulation of muscle cachexia: it may be more than the proteasome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 290(1): 1–10.
  11. Heavner JE. (2008) Pharmacology of local anesthetics. In: Longnecker DE, Brown DL, Newman MF, Zapol WM, editors. Anesthesiology 2nd edition. Pennsylvania: McGraw-Hill p. 954-73. 
  12. Johnson PC, Doll SC, Cromey DW. (1986) Pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Ann Neurol, 19(5): 450-57.
  13. Kamanli A, Kaya A, Ardicoglu O, Ozgocmen S, Zengin FO, Bayik Y. (2005) Comparison of lidocaine injection, botulinum toxin injection, and dry needling to trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome. Rheumatol Int, 25(8): 604-11.
  14. Kannan P, Vijayaraj A, Sesh PSL, Narayanan V, Thangavel A, Pandiyan V. (2016) Antioxidant status in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats treated vanadium complex. Indian J. Anim. Res, 50(1): 57-62
  15. Lecker SH, Solomon V, Mitch WE, Goldberg AL. (2009) Muscle protein breakdown and the critical role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in normal and disease states. J Nutr, 129 (1S Suppl): 227S–37S.
  16. Miller JM, Scott BA, Danh KK, Strasser D, Sane M. (2013) Bupivacaine injection remodels extraocular muscles and corrects comitant    strabismus. Ophthalmology, 120(12): 2733-40.
  17. Nair KS, Ford GC, Ekberg K, Fernqvist-Forbes E, Wahren J. (1995) Protein dynamics in whole body and in splanchnic and leg tissues in type I diabetic patients. J Clin Invest, 95(6): 2926–37.
  18. Park CY, Park SE, Oh SY. (2004) Acute effects of bupivacaine and ricin mAb35 on extraocular muscle in the rabbit. Curr Eye Res, 29(4-5): 293–301.
  19. Pelit A, Özaykan B, Tuli A, Demirkazýk A, Emre M, Gunay I. (2008) The effects of magnetic field on the biomechanics parameters of soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther, 10(4): 294-8. 
  20. Pelit A, Emre M, Daðli K, Tuli A. (2013) The Impact of Magnesium on isometric twitch parameters and resting membrane potential of the skeletal muscle in diabetic rats. Cell Biochem Biophys, 65(3): 315–9.
  21. Plant DR, Beitzel F, Lynch GS. (2005) Length-tension relationships are altered in regenerating muscles of the rat after bupivacaine injection. J Appl Physiol, 98(6): 1998–2003.
  22. Rosenblatt JD, Woods RI. (1992) Hypertrophy of rat extensor digitorum longus muscle injected with bupivacaine. Asequential histochemical, immunohistochemical, histological and morphometric study. J Anat, 181(Pt 1): 11–27.
  23. Scott BA, Miller JM, Danh KK. (2013) Bupivacaine. In: Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Hoyt, CS, Taylor D editors. 4th edition. Elsevier Saunders p.896
  24. Tastekin B, Pelit A, Polat S, Tuli A, Sencar L, Alparslan M.M, Daglioglu Y.K. (2018) Therapeutic Potential of Pterostilbene and Resveratrol on Biomechanic, Biochemical, and Histological Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Evidence-    Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018: 1-10
  25. Wang X, Hu Z, Hu J, Du J and Mitch WE (2006). Insulin resistance accelerates muscle protein degradation: activation of the ubiquitin-    proteasome pathway by defects in muscle cell signaling. Endocrinology, 147(9): 4160–8. 
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 8 (august 2019) : 1025-1028,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-903

    The effect of bupivacaine on gastrocnemius muscle contractility in rats with diabetes

    A
    A. Pelit
    B
    B. Taºtekin
    A
    A. Demirkazýk
    K
    K. Daðlýoðlu
    1Çukurova University, Medical Faculty Biophysics Department, Adana, Turkey.
    Cite article:- Pelit A., Taºtekin B., Demirkazýk A., Daðlýoðlu K. (2018). The effect of bupivacaine on gastrocnemius muscle contractility in rats with diabetes. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(8): 1025-1028. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-903.

    ABSTRACT

    This study examined the changes in skeletal muscle contraction parameters after the injection of bupivacaine into the gastrocnemius muscle in diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar albino rats (230–270 g) were divided into four groups: Group I: Untreated healthy control; Group II: Healthy injected with Bupivacaine; Group III: Diabetic control; Group IV: Diabetic injected with bupivacaine. The diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5) injection at 45 mg/kg in tail vein. On 7th day of streptozotocin injection, the rats in groups II and IV were injected with 0.25% bupivacaine at 8 mg/kg body weight into the gastrocnemius muscle.  Three weeks post bupivacaine application, the animals were sacrificed and right leg gastrocnemius muscle was isolated for studying various parameters such as muscle twitch, tetanic force, contraction and relaxation time, and maximum contraction and relaxation rates. The blood glucose estimation showed that the rats in group III and IV developed diabetes at two days after administration of streptozotocin. The administration of bupivacaine resulted in a significant (p<0.05) increase in the muscle twitch parameters both in Group II and Group IV. Thus, bupivacaine can increase muscle contractility in diabetic muscles also.

    REFERENCES

    1. Acharyya S and Guttridge DC. (2007)Cancer cachexia signaling pathways continue to emerge yet much still points to the proteasome. Clin Cancer Res, 13(5): 1356–61.
    2. Bodine SC, Stitt TN, Gonzalez M, KlineWO, Stover GL, Bauerlein R, Zlotchenko E, Scrimgeour A, Lawrence JC, Glass DJ, Yancopoulos GD. (2001) Akt/mTOR pathway is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and can prevent muscle atrophy in vivo. Nat Cell Biol, (2010) 3(11): 1014–9.
    3. Budhwar S, Jood S. 2010. Nutritional Status of Subjects Hisar City Suffering from non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J. Dairying Foods & H.S., 29(1): 25-31
    4. Carlson BM, Gutmann E. (1972) Development of contractile properties of minced muscle regenerates in the rat. Exp Neurol, 36(2): 239-49.
    5. Carlson BM, Hnik P, Tucek S, Vejsada R, Bader DM and Faulkner JA. (1981) Comparison between grafts with intact nerves and standard free grafts of the rat extensor digitorum longus muscle. Physiol Bohem, 30: 505-513.
    6. Carlson BM, Emerick S, Komorowski TE, Rainin EA, Shepard BM.(1992) Extraocular muscle regeneration in primates; local anesthetic induced lesions. Ophthalmology, 99(4): 582–9.
    7. Frier BC, Noble EG and Locke M. (2008) Diabetes-induced atrophy is associated with a muscle-specific alteration in NF-êB activation and expression. Cell Stress Chaperones, 13(3): 287–96.
    8. Graboski CL, Gray DS, Burnham RS:(2005) Botulinum toxin A versus bupivacaine trigger point injections for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome: a randomized double blind crossover study. Pain, 118(1-2): 170-175.
    9. Hall-Craggs EC.(1980) Early ultrastructural changes in skeletal muscle exposed to local anaesthetic bupivacaine (Marcaine). Br J Exp Pathol, 61(2): 139–49.
    10. Hasselgren PO, Wray C, Mammen J. (2002) Molecular regulation of muscle cachexia: it may be more than the proteasome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 290(1): 1–10.
    11. Heavner JE. (2008) Pharmacology of local anesthetics. In: Longnecker DE, Brown DL, Newman MF, Zapol WM, editors. Anesthesiology 2nd edition. Pennsylvania: McGraw-Hill p. 954-73. 
    12. Johnson PC, Doll SC, Cromey DW. (1986) Pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Ann Neurol, 19(5): 450-57.
    13. Kamanli A, Kaya A, Ardicoglu O, Ozgocmen S, Zengin FO, Bayik Y. (2005) Comparison of lidocaine injection, botulinum toxin injection, and dry needling to trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome. Rheumatol Int, 25(8): 604-11.
    14. Kannan P, Vijayaraj A, Sesh PSL, Narayanan V, Thangavel A, Pandiyan V. (2016) Antioxidant status in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats treated vanadium complex. Indian J. Anim. Res, 50(1): 57-62
    15. Lecker SH, Solomon V, Mitch WE, Goldberg AL. (2009) Muscle protein breakdown and the critical role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in normal and disease states. J Nutr, 129 (1S Suppl): 227S–37S.
    16. Miller JM, Scott BA, Danh KK, Strasser D, Sane M. (2013) Bupivacaine injection remodels extraocular muscles and corrects comitant    strabismus. Ophthalmology, 120(12): 2733-40.
    17. Nair KS, Ford GC, Ekberg K, Fernqvist-Forbes E, Wahren J. (1995) Protein dynamics in whole body and in splanchnic and leg tissues in type I diabetic patients. J Clin Invest, 95(6): 2926–37.
    18. Park CY, Park SE, Oh SY. (2004) Acute effects of bupivacaine and ricin mAb35 on extraocular muscle in the rabbit. Curr Eye Res, 29(4-5): 293–301.
    19. Pelit A, Özaykan B, Tuli A, Demirkazýk A, Emre M, Gunay I. (2008) The effects of magnetic field on the biomechanics parameters of soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther, 10(4): 294-8. 
    20. Pelit A, Emre M, Daðli K, Tuli A. (2013) The Impact of Magnesium on isometric twitch parameters and resting membrane potential of the skeletal muscle in diabetic rats. Cell Biochem Biophys, 65(3): 315–9.
    21. Plant DR, Beitzel F, Lynch GS. (2005) Length-tension relationships are altered in regenerating muscles of the rat after bupivacaine injection. J Appl Physiol, 98(6): 1998–2003.
    22. Rosenblatt JD, Woods RI. (1992) Hypertrophy of rat extensor digitorum longus muscle injected with bupivacaine. Asequential histochemical, immunohistochemical, histological and morphometric study. J Anat, 181(Pt 1): 11–27.
    23. Scott BA, Miller JM, Danh KK. (2013) Bupivacaine. In: Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Hoyt, CS, Taylor D editors. 4th edition. Elsevier Saunders p.896
    24. Tastekin B, Pelit A, Polat S, Tuli A, Sencar L, Alparslan M.M, Daglioglu Y.K. (2018) Therapeutic Potential of Pterostilbene and Resveratrol on Biomechanic, Biochemical, and Histological Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Evidence-    Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018: 1-10
    25. Wang X, Hu Z, Hu J, Du J and Mitch WE (2006). Insulin resistance accelerates muscle protein degradation: activation of the ubiquitin-    proteasome pathway by defects in muscle cell signaling. Endocrinology, 147(9): 4160–8. 
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