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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 46 issue 3 (september 2012) : 249-255

POTENTIALITY OF DIVERSE ORGANIC INPUTS WITH LOW CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON, SOIL ENZYMES AND CROP YIELD IN PADDY SOIL

D
D.J. Nath*
R
R. Baruah
B
B. Ozah
D
D. Gogoi
R
R.C. Barooah
D
D.K. Borah
1Department of Soil Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat- 785 013, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Nath* D.J., Baruah R., Ozah B., Gogoi D., Barooah R.C., Borah D.K. (2025). POTENTIALITY OF DIVERSE ORGANIC INPUTS WITH LOW CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON, SOIL ENZYMES AND CROP YIELD IN PADDY SOIL. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 46(3): 249-255. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Field trials were conducted on rice during 2008-09 and 2009-10 to realize the potentiality of diverse organic inputs on soil biological properties and crop yield under reduced chemical fertilizer. Application of diverse organic inputs significantly improved the microbial biomass carbon (MBC), organic carbon (OC), dehydrogenase (DH) activity and fluorescein di-acetate (FDA) hydrolase in paddy soil. Among the organic inputs, dual culture of Azolla caroliniana with 50% of recommended N P and K fertilizer exhibited clear increase in MBC (220.46 µg./g.), OC (11.43g./kg.), DH (294.98µg.TPF/g./24hrs.) activity and FDA (10.52µg. fluorescein/g./hrs.) hydrolase. Conversely, the rock phosphate carrying enriched compost stimulated the higher level of (366.12 µg. p-nitrophenol/g./hrs.) phosphomonoesterase(PMEase) activity. MBC showed significant correlation with soil OC (r=0.883**), DH (r=0.922**) activity and FDA (r=0.675**) hydrolase except PMEase activity. Similarly, OC also displayed strong correlation with DH (r=0.836**) activity and FDA (r=0.842**) hydrolase but poorly with PMEase (0.269*) activity. Of the six organic inputs, dual culture of A. caroliniana demonstrated maximum rice yield (4.18t./ha.) followed by insitu application of Sesbania rostrata (4.08t./ha.) under reduced chemical fertilizers and the yields were comparable with recommended chemical fertilizer (3.91t./ha.).

REFERENCES

  1. Adam G and Duncan H. (2001). Development of a sensitive and rapid method for the measurement of total microbial activity using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) in a range of soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 33: 943-951.
  2. Asmar F and Gissel-Nielsen G.(1996). Extracellular phosphomono and phosphodiesterase associated with and released by the roots of barley genotypes: A non destructive method for measurement of the extracellular enzymes of roots. Biol. Fertil. Soils. 22:144-156.
  3. Biswas D R and Narayanasamy G. (2006). Rock phosphate enriched compost: An approach to improve Low-grade Indian rock phosphate. Bioresour. Tech. 97: 2243-2251.
  4. Bhattacharyya P, Chakrabarti K and Chakraborty A. (2005). Microbial biomass and enzyme activities in submerged rice soil amended with municipal solid waste compost and decomposed cow manure. Chemosphere. 60: 310–318.
  5. Bhattacharyya R, Kundu S, Prakash V and Gupta H S. (2008). Sustainability under combined application of mineral and organic fertilizers in a rainfed soybean wheat system of the Indian Himalayas. Eur. J. Agron. 28: 33–46.
  6. Casida L E, Klein D A and Santoro R. (1964). Soil dehydrogenase activity. Soil Sci. 98: 371-376.
  7. Chandel S R S.(2004). A Handbook of Agricultural Statistics. Achal Prakashan Mandir,Kanpur.
  8. Chendrayan K, Adhya T K and Sethunathan N.(1980). Dehydrogenase and invertase activities of flooded soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 12: 271–273.
  9. Choudhury A T M A and Kennedy I R.(2004). Prospects and potentials for systems of biological nitrogen fixation in sustainable rice production. Biol. Fertil. Soils 39:219–227.
  10. Green V S, Stott D E and Diack M. (2006). Assay for fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity: optimization for soil samples. Soil Biol. Biochem. 38: 693–701.
  11. Jackson M L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi.
  12. Kaur K, Kapoor K K and Gupta AP. (2005). Impact of organic manures with and without mineral fertilizers on soil chemical and biological properties under tropical conditions. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 168: 117–122.
  13. Liu M, Hu F, Chen X, Huang Q, Jiao J, Zhang B and Li H. (2009).Organic amendments with reduced chemical fertilizer promote soil microbial development and nutrient availability in a subtropical paddy field: The influence of quantity, type and application time of organic amendments. Appl. Soil Ecol. 42 : 166-175.
  14. Mandal A, Patra A K, Singh D, Swarup A and Ebhin Masto R.(2007). Effect of longterm application of manure and fertilizer on biological and biochemical activities in soil during crop development stages. Bioresour. Tech. 98: 3585–3592.
  15. Nayak D R, Babu Y J and Adhya TK. (2007). Long-term application of compost influences microbial biomass and enzyme activities in a tropical Aeric Endoaquept planted to rice under flooded condition. Soil Biol. Biochem. 39:1897-1906.
  16. Nannipieri P, Sastre I, Landi L, Lobo M C and Pietramellara G.(1996). Determination of extracellular neutral phosphomonoesterase activity in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28: 107-112.
  17. Peoples M B, Herridge D F and Ladha J K.(1995). Biological nitrogen fixation: an efficient source of nitrogen for sustainable agricultural production. Plant Soil 174:3–28.
  18. Ros M, Hernandez M T and Garcia C.(2003). Soil microbial activity after restoration of a semiarid soil by organic amendments. Soil Biol. Biochem. 35: 463-469.
  19. Sharma M P, Bali S V and Gupta D K. (2001). Soil fertility and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system in an Inceptisol as influenced by integrated nutrient management. Ind. J. Agril. Sci. 71:82-66.
  20. Shibahara F and Inubushi K. (1997). Effect of organic matter application on microbial biomass and available nutrients in various types of paddy soils. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 43: 681–689.
  21. Suri V K.(2007). Perspectives in soil health management-A looking glass. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci.55 : 436-443.
  22. Tabatabai M A and Bremner J M. (1969). Use of p-nitrophenyl phosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 1: 301-7.
  23. Tejada M, Gonzalez J L, Garcia-Martinez A M and Parrado J. (2008). Effects of different green manures on soil biological properties and maize yield. Bioresour. Tech. 99: 1758-1763.
  24. Vance E D, Brookes P C and Jenkinson D S. (1987).Microbial biomass measurements in forest soils: the use of the chloroform fumigation incubation method for strongly acid soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 19: 697-702.
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    volume 46 issue 3 (september 2012) : 249-255

    POTENTIALITY OF DIVERSE ORGANIC INPUTS WITH LOW CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON, SOIL ENZYMES AND CROP YIELD IN PADDY SOIL

    D
    D.J. Nath*
    R
    R. Baruah
    B
    B. Ozah
    D
    D. Gogoi
    R
    R.C. Barooah
    D
    D.K. Borah
    1Department of Soil Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat- 785 013, India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Nath* D.J., Baruah R., Ozah B., Gogoi D., Barooah R.C., Borah D.K. (2025). POTENTIALITY OF DIVERSE ORGANIC INPUTS WITH LOW CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON MICROBIAL BIOMASS CARBON, SOIL ENZYMES AND CROP YIELD IN PADDY SOIL. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 46(3): 249-255. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    Field trials were conducted on rice during 2008-09 and 2009-10 to realize the potentiality of diverse organic inputs on soil biological properties and crop yield under reduced chemical fertilizer. Application of diverse organic inputs significantly improved the microbial biomass carbon (MBC), organic carbon (OC), dehydrogenase (DH) activity and fluorescein di-acetate (FDA) hydrolase in paddy soil. Among the organic inputs, dual culture of Azolla caroliniana with 50% of recommended N P and K fertilizer exhibited clear increase in MBC (220.46 µg./g.), OC (11.43g./kg.), DH (294.98µg.TPF/g./24hrs.) activity and FDA (10.52µg. fluorescein/g./hrs.) hydrolase. Conversely, the rock phosphate carrying enriched compost stimulated the higher level of (366.12 µg. p-nitrophenol/g./hrs.) phosphomonoesterase(PMEase) activity. MBC showed significant correlation with soil OC (r=0.883**), DH (r=0.922**) activity and FDA (r=0.675**) hydrolase except PMEase activity. Similarly, OC also displayed strong correlation with DH (r=0.836**) activity and FDA (r=0.842**) hydrolase but poorly with PMEase (0.269*) activity. Of the six organic inputs, dual culture of A. caroliniana demonstrated maximum rice yield (4.18t./ha.) followed by insitu application of Sesbania rostrata (4.08t./ha.) under reduced chemical fertilizers and the yields were comparable with recommended chemical fertilizer (3.91t./ha.).

    REFERENCES

    1. Adam G and Duncan H. (2001). Development of a sensitive and rapid method for the measurement of total microbial activity using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) in a range of soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 33: 943-951.
    2. Asmar F and Gissel-Nielsen G.(1996). Extracellular phosphomono and phosphodiesterase associated with and released by the roots of barley genotypes: A non destructive method for measurement of the extracellular enzymes of roots. Biol. Fertil. Soils. 22:144-156.
    3. Biswas D R and Narayanasamy G. (2006). Rock phosphate enriched compost: An approach to improve Low-grade Indian rock phosphate. Bioresour. Tech. 97: 2243-2251.
    4. Bhattacharyya P, Chakrabarti K and Chakraborty A. (2005). Microbial biomass and enzyme activities in submerged rice soil amended with municipal solid waste compost and decomposed cow manure. Chemosphere. 60: 310–318.
    5. Bhattacharyya R, Kundu S, Prakash V and Gupta H S. (2008). Sustainability under combined application of mineral and organic fertilizers in a rainfed soybean wheat system of the Indian Himalayas. Eur. J. Agron. 28: 33–46.
    6. Casida L E, Klein D A and Santoro R. (1964). Soil dehydrogenase activity. Soil Sci. 98: 371-376.
    7. Chandel S R S.(2004). A Handbook of Agricultural Statistics. Achal Prakashan Mandir,Kanpur.
    8. Chendrayan K, Adhya T K and Sethunathan N.(1980). Dehydrogenase and invertase activities of flooded soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 12: 271–273.
    9. Choudhury A T M A and Kennedy I R.(2004). Prospects and potentials for systems of biological nitrogen fixation in sustainable rice production. Biol. Fertil. Soils 39:219–227.
    10. Green V S, Stott D E and Diack M. (2006). Assay for fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity: optimization for soil samples. Soil Biol. Biochem. 38: 693–701.
    11. Jackson M L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi.
    12. Kaur K, Kapoor K K and Gupta AP. (2005). Impact of organic manures with and without mineral fertilizers on soil chemical and biological properties under tropical conditions. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 168: 117–122.
    13. Liu M, Hu F, Chen X, Huang Q, Jiao J, Zhang B and Li H. (2009).Organic amendments with reduced chemical fertilizer promote soil microbial development and nutrient availability in a subtropical paddy field: The influence of quantity, type and application time of organic amendments. Appl. Soil Ecol. 42 : 166-175.
    14. Mandal A, Patra A K, Singh D, Swarup A and Ebhin Masto R.(2007). Effect of longterm application of manure and fertilizer on biological and biochemical activities in soil during crop development stages. Bioresour. Tech. 98: 3585–3592.
    15. Nayak D R, Babu Y J and Adhya TK. (2007). Long-term application of compost influences microbial biomass and enzyme activities in a tropical Aeric Endoaquept planted to rice under flooded condition. Soil Biol. Biochem. 39:1897-1906.
    16. Nannipieri P, Sastre I, Landi L, Lobo M C and Pietramellara G.(1996). Determination of extracellular neutral phosphomonoesterase activity in soil. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28: 107-112.
    17. Peoples M B, Herridge D F and Ladha J K.(1995). Biological nitrogen fixation: an efficient source of nitrogen for sustainable agricultural production. Plant Soil 174:3–28.
    18. Ros M, Hernandez M T and Garcia C.(2003). Soil microbial activity after restoration of a semiarid soil by organic amendments. Soil Biol. Biochem. 35: 463-469.
    19. Sharma M P, Bali S V and Gupta D K. (2001). Soil fertility and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system in an Inceptisol as influenced by integrated nutrient management. Ind. J. Agril. Sci. 71:82-66.
    20. Shibahara F and Inubushi K. (1997). Effect of organic matter application on microbial biomass and available nutrients in various types of paddy soils. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 43: 681–689.
    21. Suri V K.(2007). Perspectives in soil health management-A looking glass. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci.55 : 436-443.
    22. Tabatabai M A and Bremner J M. (1969). Use of p-nitrophenyl phosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 1: 301-7.
    23. Tejada M, Gonzalez J L, Garcia-Martinez A M and Parrado J. (2008). Effects of different green manures on soil biological properties and maize yield. Bioresour. Tech. 99: 1758-1763.
    24. Vance E D, Brookes P C and Jenkinson D S. (1987).Microbial biomass measurements in forest soils: the use of the chloroform fumigation incubation method for strongly acid soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 19: 697-702.
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