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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 48 issue 6 (december 2014) : 472-479,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2014.01332.8

FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF CULTURABLE PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS

Z
Zahoor Ahmad Baba*
T
T.A. Sheikh1
B
Basharat Hamid
1Regional Research Station, Wadura Campus, Sopore, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology of Kashmir, Shrinagar-190 001, India
Cite article:- Baba* Ahmad Zahoor, Sheikh1 T.A., Hamid Basharat (2025). FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF CULTURABLE PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 48(6): 472-479. doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2014.01332.8.

ABSTRACT

Fluorescent pseudomonad bacteria were isolated from different strawberry fields in Srinagar and Baramulla districts of Kashmir, India. The isolates were compared with a standard isolate obtained from Biofertilizer Production Laboratory, Marathwarda Agricultural University, Parbani, Maharashtra, India, for various beneficial activities. Screening of the isolates showed that significantly higher IAA (36.08 µ mol ml-1) was produced by isolate PS8, siderophore, HCN and ammonia was produced by all barring PS3, PS7 and PS9. ACC deaminase activity was shown by PS1, PS7 and PS10. Significantly higher protease (516.12 µ mol ml-1), chitinase (6.8 µ mol ml-1) and pectinase (138.16 activity of Polygalacturanase unit ml-1) was exhibited by PS1.The isolate PS2 showed higher antagonistic potential against Fusarium sp. All the isolates except PS3, PS7, PS9 and PS16 solubilized insoluble phosphorus while as 17 isolates barring PS3, PS7 and PS9 solubilized zinc, iron and potassium.Statistically significant quantities 7.42 (µgml-1) and 60.35 (µgml-1) of sparingly soluble phosphate was solubilized by the isolate PS6 after 2 and 10 days of incubation respectively, simultaneously the pH of growing medium was reduced from 6.5 to 5.3 by the isolate PS6 after 10 days of incubation. All the isolates except PS7, PS11 and PS16 utilized eleven different sources of carbon and the numerical taxonomy of isolates depending on their carbon source utilization profile resulted into two major phenons at 0.27 similarity coefficient level.

REFERENCES

  1. Bakker, A.W.and Schippers, B. (1987). Microbial cyanide production in the rhizosphere in relation to potato yield reduction and pseudomonas species mediated plant growth stimulation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry.19: 451-457.
  2. Bacteria. D.K. Maheshwari (ed.), Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-21061- 7_2, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg .
  3. Bhardwaj, V and Garg, N.(2010). Exploitation of microorganisms for isolation and screening of pectinase from environment. 8th International Conference, 1 – 3 November 2010. University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  4. Blaha, D., Prigent, C.C., Mirza, M.S and Moenne, L.Y.(2006). Phylogeny of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase encoding gene acdS in phytobeneficial and pathogenic Proteobacteria and relation with strain biogeography. FEMS Microbiol Ecology. 56:455–470
  5. Bunt, J.S.and Rovira, A.D.(1955).Microbiological studies of some sub antartic soils. Journal of soil Science. 6:119-128.
  6. Cattelan, A.J., Hartel, P.G.and Furhmann, F.F.(1999).Screening for plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to promote early soybean growth. Soil science Society of American Journal. 63:1670-1680.
  7. Chet, L., Ordentlich, A., Shapira, R. and Oppeheim, A.(1990). Mechanisms of Biocontrol of Soil borne Plant Pathogens by Rhizobacteria. Plant Soil. 129: 85-92.
  8. Delvasto,p.,Valverda,A.,Ballester,A.,Igual,J.M.,Munoz,J.A.,Gonzaliz,F.,Blazquez,M.L.and Carcia,C.(2006). Characterization of brushite as a re-crytallization product formed during bacterial solubilization of hydroxyapatite of batch cultures. Soil Biology and Biochemistry.38, 2645-2654.
  9. Dye, D.W.(1962).The inadequacy of the usual determinative tests for identification of Xanthomonas species. NZT Science. 5: 393-416.
  10. Glick, B.R.(1995). The enhancement of plant growth by free living bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbioogy. 32:145-148.
  11. Gnanamanickam, S.S., Preet, V., Brinda, V.,Lavanya,B.and Kavitha,S.(2001). Biological control of rice diseases. In: Biological control of major crop diseases. Gnanamanickam S.S.(ed) , Marcel Dekkar,New York, PP. 241.
  12. Gorden, S.A. and Paleg, L.A.(1957). Quantitative measurement of indole acetic acid. Plant Physiology. 10: 347-348.Hu, X.F., Chen, J. and Guo, J.F.(2006). Two phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria isolated from Tiannu mountain, Zhejiang, China. World journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 22: 983-990.
  13. Jaccard, P.(1912). The distribution of the flora in the alpine zone. New phytology. 11: 37-50.
  14. Katznekson, H.B.(1959). Metabolic activity and phosphate dissolving capability of bacterial isolates from wheat root rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil. Canadian journal of Microbiology. 5:79-85.
  15. Luis, A. and Renato,G.(1971). Solubilization of iron containing minerals by soil microorganisms. Applied Microbiology. 17: 487-490.
  16. Naik, P.R., Raman,G., Narayanan,K.B. and Sakthivel,N.(2008).Assessment of genetic and functional diversity of phosphate solubilizing fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from rhizospheric soils. BioMed Central Microbiology. 8: 230.
  17. Nei, M. and Li,W.H.(1979). Methamitical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proceedings of National Academy of Science, USA. 76: 5269-5273.
  18. Noori,M.S.S and Saud.H.M.(2012).Potential plant growth promoting activity of pseudomonas sp isolated from paddy soils in Malaysia as biocontrol agent.Plant pathology and Microbiology.3(2):2157-60.
  19. Pattanayak,S.K.,P.Sureshkumar, and J.C.Tarafdar.(2009).New vista in phosphorus research. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science, 57(4):536-545.
  20. Prasana, R.B.,Rani,J.R.,Reddy,M.S. and Vijay,K.K.K.(2001).Isolation of siderophore producing strains of rhizobacterial fluorescent pseudomonads and their biocontrol against rice fungal pathogen. International Journal of Applied Biological and Pharmacological Technology.1:133-137.
  21. Priyanthi, L.K.T.(2007). Studies on plant growth promoting rhizomicroorganisms of Tea [camellia sinensis L. (o)Kuntze].M.Sc. thesis Submitted to Department of Agricultural Microbiology,College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences,Dharwad. Pp239.
  22. Rabindran, R. and Vidhyasekaran, P.(1996). Development of a formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens PfALR2 for management of rice sheet blight. Crop protection. 15:715-721.
  23. Ramamoorthy, V., Vishvanathan, R., Raguchander, T., Prakasan, V. and Samiyappan, R. (2001). Induction of systemic resistance by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in crop plants against pests and diseases. Crop Protection. 20:1-11.
  24. Renwick, A., Campbell, R. and Coe, S.(1991). Assessment of in vivo systems for potential biocontrol agents of Gaeumannomyces graminis. Plant Pathology. 40: 524-532.
  25. Ryu, E.A.(1940). Simple method of differentiating between Gram positive and Gram negative organisms without staining. Kitasato Arch Exp. 17: 58-63.
  26. Samuel, S and Muthukkaruppan, S. M.(2011). Characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and fungi associated with rice, mangrove and effluent contaminated soil. Current Botany. 2(3): 22-25.
  27. Schywn, B. and Neilands, J.B.(1987). Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophore. Annals of Biochemistry. 160: 47-56.
  28. Smibert, R.R and Krieg, N.R.(1994). Phenotypic characterization. In: Methods for general and molecular Bacteriology Edited by Gerhardt P., Murray R.G.E.,Wood W,A.,Krieg,N.R. American Society of Microbiology. Washington, DC. 607-654.
  29. Kuberan, S, T., Sangaralingam and V.Thirumalai Arasu.(2010). Isolation and optimization of Protease producing Bacteria from Halophilic soil. Journal of Bioscience Research.1(3):163-174
  30. Kumar,A.,Kumar,A.,Devi,S.,Patil,S.,Payal,C.,Negi,S.(2012).Isolation, screening and characterization of bacteria from Rhizospheric soils for different plant growth promotion (PGP) activities: an in vitro study. Recent Research in Science and Technology 4(1): 01-05
  31. Noori,M,S,S and Saud,H,M.(2012). Potential Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Pseudomonas sp Isolated from Paddy Soil in Malaysia as Biocontrol Agent. Plant Pathology & Microbiology, 3(2):2157-60.
  32. Sunish,K.R.,Ayyadurai,N.,Pandiaraja,P.,Reddy,A,V.,Venkateshwarlu,Y.,Prakash,O.and Sakthivel,N.(2005).characterization of antifungal metabolite produced by a new strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa P UPa3 that exhibits broad spectrum antifungal activity and biofertilizing traits.Journal of Applied Microbiology,98(1):145-151.
  33. Takayuki, N. and Yuzaburo,I.(1989).Distribution of iron solubilizing bacteria in the sediment of a small lagoon. Nippo Suisan Gakkaishi. 55:1955-1960.
  34. Venkatakrishnan, S.S., Sudalayandy, R.S. and Savariappan, A.R.(2003).Assessing invitro solubilization potential of different zinc solubilizing bacterial (ZSB) isolates. Barazilian Journal of Microbiology. 34:121-125.
  35. Voisard,C., Keel, C., Haas,D. and Defago,D.(1981).Cyanide Production in Pseudomonas fluorescens helps suppress black root rot of tobacco under gnotobiotic conditions. EMBO Journal. 8: 351-358
  36. Xie, H., Pasternak, J.J. and Glick, B.R.(1996). Isolation and characterization of mutants of plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR 12-2 that over produce indoleacetic acid. Current Microbiology. 32: 67-71.
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Indian Journal of Agricultural Research
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    volume 48 issue 6 (december 2014) : 472-479,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2014.01332.8

    FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF CULTURABLE PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS

    Z
    Zahoor Ahmad Baba*
    T
    T.A. Sheikh1
    B
    Basharat Hamid
    1Regional Research Station, Wadura Campus, Sopore, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology of Kashmir, Shrinagar-190 001, India
    Cite article:- Baba* Ahmad Zahoor, Sheikh1 T.A., Hamid Basharat (2025). FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY OF CULTURABLE PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 48(6): 472-479. doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2014.01332.8.

    ABSTRACT

    Fluorescent pseudomonad bacteria were isolated from different strawberry fields in Srinagar and Baramulla districts of Kashmir, India. The isolates were compared with a standard isolate obtained from Biofertilizer Production Laboratory, Marathwarda Agricultural University, Parbani, Maharashtra, India, for various beneficial activities. Screening of the isolates showed that significantly higher IAA (36.08 µ mol ml-1) was produced by isolate PS8, siderophore, HCN and ammonia was produced by all barring PS3, PS7 and PS9. ACC deaminase activity was shown by PS1, PS7 and PS10. Significantly higher protease (516.12 µ mol ml-1), chitinase (6.8 µ mol ml-1) and pectinase (138.16 activity of Polygalacturanase unit ml-1) was exhibited by PS1.The isolate PS2 showed higher antagonistic potential against Fusarium sp. All the isolates except PS3, PS7, PS9 and PS16 solubilized insoluble phosphorus while as 17 isolates barring PS3, PS7 and PS9 solubilized zinc, iron and potassium.Statistically significant quantities 7.42 (µgml-1) and 60.35 (µgml-1) of sparingly soluble phosphate was solubilized by the isolate PS6 after 2 and 10 days of incubation respectively, simultaneously the pH of growing medium was reduced from 6.5 to 5.3 by the isolate PS6 after 10 days of incubation. All the isolates except PS7, PS11 and PS16 utilized eleven different sources of carbon and the numerical taxonomy of isolates depending on their carbon source utilization profile resulted into two major phenons at 0.27 similarity coefficient level.

    REFERENCES

    1. Bakker, A.W.and Schippers, B. (1987). Microbial cyanide production in the rhizosphere in relation to potato yield reduction and pseudomonas species mediated plant growth stimulation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry.19: 451-457.
    2. Bacteria. D.K. Maheshwari (ed.), Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-21061- 7_2, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg .
    3. Bhardwaj, V and Garg, N.(2010). Exploitation of microorganisms for isolation and screening of pectinase from environment. 8th International Conference, 1 – 3 November 2010. University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    4. Blaha, D., Prigent, C.C., Mirza, M.S and Moenne, L.Y.(2006). Phylogeny of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase encoding gene acdS in phytobeneficial and pathogenic Proteobacteria and relation with strain biogeography. FEMS Microbiol Ecology. 56:455–470
    5. Bunt, J.S.and Rovira, A.D.(1955).Microbiological studies of some sub antartic soils. Journal of soil Science. 6:119-128.
    6. Cattelan, A.J., Hartel, P.G.and Furhmann, F.F.(1999).Screening for plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to promote early soybean growth. Soil science Society of American Journal. 63:1670-1680.
    7. Chet, L., Ordentlich, A., Shapira, R. and Oppeheim, A.(1990). Mechanisms of Biocontrol of Soil borne Plant Pathogens by Rhizobacteria. Plant Soil. 129: 85-92.
    8. Delvasto,p.,Valverda,A.,Ballester,A.,Igual,J.M.,Munoz,J.A.,Gonzaliz,F.,Blazquez,M.L.and Carcia,C.(2006). Characterization of brushite as a re-crytallization product formed during bacterial solubilization of hydroxyapatite of batch cultures. Soil Biology and Biochemistry.38, 2645-2654.
    9. Dye, D.W.(1962).The inadequacy of the usual determinative tests for identification of Xanthomonas species. NZT Science. 5: 393-416.
    10. Glick, B.R.(1995). The enhancement of plant growth by free living bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbioogy. 32:145-148.
    11. Gnanamanickam, S.S., Preet, V., Brinda, V.,Lavanya,B.and Kavitha,S.(2001). Biological control of rice diseases. In: Biological control of major crop diseases. Gnanamanickam S.S.(ed) , Marcel Dekkar,New York, PP. 241.
    12. Gorden, S.A. and Paleg, L.A.(1957). Quantitative measurement of indole acetic acid. Plant Physiology. 10: 347-348.Hu, X.F., Chen, J. and Guo, J.F.(2006). Two phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria isolated from Tiannu mountain, Zhejiang, China. World journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 22: 983-990.
    13. Jaccard, P.(1912). The distribution of the flora in the alpine zone. New phytology. 11: 37-50.
    14. Katznekson, H.B.(1959). Metabolic activity and phosphate dissolving capability of bacterial isolates from wheat root rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil. Canadian journal of Microbiology. 5:79-85.
    15. Luis, A. and Renato,G.(1971). Solubilization of iron containing minerals by soil microorganisms. Applied Microbiology. 17: 487-490.
    16. Naik, P.R., Raman,G., Narayanan,K.B. and Sakthivel,N.(2008).Assessment of genetic and functional diversity of phosphate solubilizing fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from rhizospheric soils. BioMed Central Microbiology. 8: 230.
    17. Nei, M. and Li,W.H.(1979). Methamitical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proceedings of National Academy of Science, USA. 76: 5269-5273.
    18. Noori,M.S.S and Saud.H.M.(2012).Potential plant growth promoting activity of pseudomonas sp isolated from paddy soils in Malaysia as biocontrol agent.Plant pathology and Microbiology.3(2):2157-60.
    19. Pattanayak,S.K.,P.Sureshkumar, and J.C.Tarafdar.(2009).New vista in phosphorus research. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science, 57(4):536-545.
    20. Prasana, R.B.,Rani,J.R.,Reddy,M.S. and Vijay,K.K.K.(2001).Isolation of siderophore producing strains of rhizobacterial fluorescent pseudomonads and their biocontrol against rice fungal pathogen. International Journal of Applied Biological and Pharmacological Technology.1:133-137.
    21. Priyanthi, L.K.T.(2007). Studies on plant growth promoting rhizomicroorganisms of Tea [camellia sinensis L. (o)Kuntze].M.Sc. thesis Submitted to Department of Agricultural Microbiology,College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences,Dharwad. Pp239.
    22. Rabindran, R. and Vidhyasekaran, P.(1996). Development of a formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens PfALR2 for management of rice sheet blight. Crop protection. 15:715-721.
    23. Ramamoorthy, V., Vishvanathan, R., Raguchander, T., Prakasan, V. and Samiyappan, R. (2001). Induction of systemic resistance by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in crop plants against pests and diseases. Crop Protection. 20:1-11.
    24. Renwick, A., Campbell, R. and Coe, S.(1991). Assessment of in vivo systems for potential biocontrol agents of Gaeumannomyces graminis. Plant Pathology. 40: 524-532.
    25. Ryu, E.A.(1940). Simple method of differentiating between Gram positive and Gram negative organisms without staining. Kitasato Arch Exp. 17: 58-63.
    26. Samuel, S and Muthukkaruppan, S. M.(2011). Characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and fungi associated with rice, mangrove and effluent contaminated soil. Current Botany. 2(3): 22-25.
    27. Schywn, B. and Neilands, J.B.(1987). Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophore. Annals of Biochemistry. 160: 47-56.
    28. Smibert, R.R and Krieg, N.R.(1994). Phenotypic characterization. In: Methods for general and molecular Bacteriology Edited by Gerhardt P., Murray R.G.E.,Wood W,A.,Krieg,N.R. American Society of Microbiology. Washington, DC. 607-654.
    29. Kuberan, S, T., Sangaralingam and V.Thirumalai Arasu.(2010). Isolation and optimization of Protease producing Bacteria from Halophilic soil. Journal of Bioscience Research.1(3):163-174
    30. Kumar,A.,Kumar,A.,Devi,S.,Patil,S.,Payal,C.,Negi,S.(2012).Isolation, screening and characterization of bacteria from Rhizospheric soils for different plant growth promotion (PGP) activities: an in vitro study. Recent Research in Science and Technology 4(1): 01-05
    31. Noori,M,S,S and Saud,H,M.(2012). Potential Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Pseudomonas sp Isolated from Paddy Soil in Malaysia as Biocontrol Agent. Plant Pathology & Microbiology, 3(2):2157-60.
    32. Sunish,K.R.,Ayyadurai,N.,Pandiaraja,P.,Reddy,A,V.,Venkateshwarlu,Y.,Prakash,O.and Sakthivel,N.(2005).characterization of antifungal metabolite produced by a new strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa P UPa3 that exhibits broad spectrum antifungal activity and biofertilizing traits.Journal of Applied Microbiology,98(1):145-151.
    33. Takayuki, N. and Yuzaburo,I.(1989).Distribution of iron solubilizing bacteria in the sediment of a small lagoon. Nippo Suisan Gakkaishi. 55:1955-1960.
    34. Venkatakrishnan, S.S., Sudalayandy, R.S. and Savariappan, A.R.(2003).Assessing invitro solubilization potential of different zinc solubilizing bacterial (ZSB) isolates. Barazilian Journal of Microbiology. 34:121-125.
    35. Voisard,C., Keel, C., Haas,D. and Defago,D.(1981).Cyanide Production in Pseudomonas fluorescens helps suppress black root rot of tobacco under gnotobiotic conditions. EMBO Journal. 8: 351-358
    36. Xie, H., Pasternak, J.J. and Glick, B.R.(1996). Isolation and characterization of mutants of plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR 12-2 that over produce indoleacetic acid. Current Microbiology. 32: 67-71.
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