<div style="text-align: justify;">Tricyclazole, a systemic fungicide is recommended to treat of diseases in irrigated rice. Channa punctatus (Bloch) is a freshwater fish also found in paddy fields. This maiden study was designed to evaluate acute toxicity of tricyclazole and its responses of certain biomarker enzymes in Channa punctatus. By regression analysis method, 24, 48, 72 and 96hr-LC50 dose of tricyclazole was calculated 54.30, 36.76, 32.63 and 25.06 mg l-1 respectively. The range of LC50 dose indicates highly toxic nature of tricyclaozole. Fish were then exposed to 0.25 and 1.25 mg &nbsp;l-1 sublethal dose of tricyclazole for short term (24, 48 and 96 hours) and long term (15, 30 and 45 days) exposure and the alterations of enzyme activities were determined. Alkaline phosphatase activities exposed to 0.25 mg l-1 were increased insignificantly (p&gt;0.05) after 24 hours but increased significantly (p&lt;0.05) to 0.25 and 1.25 mg l-1 tricyclazole at all other treatments. Alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase increased significantly (p&lt;0.05) in response to tricyclazole during both exposures. These findings may be used in the assessment of the potential risk of tricyclazole on food chain and aquatic ecosystems.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;">Tricyclazole Induced Alterations in Certain Biomarker Enzymes of an Indian Paddy-field Fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch)</div>

Six fungicides viz., mancozeb 75 WP @ 0.2%, chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 0.2% , tricyclazole 75% WP @ 0.1%, iprodione 25% + carbendazim 25% WP @ 0.1% , difenconazole 25% EC @ 0.1%, azoxystrobin 23 SC @ 0.1% were evaluated for managing &nbsp;leaf spot (Alternaria polianthi) of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Single Petal with during kharif, &nbsp;2010-2013. Four sprays with &nbsp;azoxystrobin (0.1%) &nbsp;at 15 days interval, starting on disease appearance proved to be the most effective and resulted in the &nbsp;lowest &nbsp;disease incidence (10.98 PDI ) &nbsp;compared to &nbsp;control ( 34.39 PDI ). This treatment also gave a fairly good benefit: cost (B: C) ratio of 6.87. The economic analysis, however, revealed the effectiveness of a combo fungicide, iprodion (25%) + carbendazim (25%), followed by difenconazole when they were applied at 0.1% concentration. These treatments recorded highest B:C ratio of 7.11 and 6.90 with &nbsp;69.98% and 71.47% disease reduction, respectively. 
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Management of leaf spot (Alternaria polianthi) of tuberose through fungicides 
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<div>Background: Mango productivity was very much affected due to a major fungal pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing anthracnose mango rot. The present study was carried out to investigate the influence of abiotic factors for the support of superficial growth of isolated fungus and finding a minimum inhibitory concentration of different fungicides.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: Among four different culture media tested, the highest radial growth and sporulation of the fungus were recorded in Oatmeal agar (OMA) (84 mm) followed by Conn&rsquo;s agar (CA), Czapek Dox agar (CDA) and Potato dextrose agar (PDA). Among the different pH tested, pH 7.0 was found to be the best in supporting the good radial growth (69 mm) followed by pH 6.0 (56 mm), pH 5.5 (49 mm), pH 7.5 (43 mm) and pH 8.0 (37 mm). Among the various temperature tested, 25oC (69.32) was found to be the best followed by 20oC (52.53 mm), 30oC (65.23 mm) and 35oC.&nbsp; 
 
Result: Among the fungicides tested, Zineb 68% + Hexaconazole 4% WP (avtar) was found best as the radial growth was observed to be 45, 41, 36, 32, 25 mm at 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ppm, respectively as compared to 80 mm in control. The fungicide Tricyclazole 18% + Mancozeb 62% WP (Merger) was found to be the least effective in checking the radial growth of C. gloeosporioides even at 100 ppm concentration.</div>

​In-vitro Effect of Different Abiotic Stresses on the Growth and Sporulation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing Anthracnose of Mango

Tricyclazole Induced Alterations in Certain Biomarker Enzymes of an Indian Paddy-field Fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch)

Management of leaf spot (Alternaria polianthi) of tuberose through fungicides

​In-vitro Effect of Different Abiotic Stresses on the Growth and Sporulation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing Anthracnose of Mango

In-vitro Effect of Different Abiotic Stresses on the Growth and Sporulation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing Anthracnose of Mango