Background: Seed characteristics of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Lam., an indigenous medicinal plant species from the Philippines, were investigated to help identify appropriate conservation strategies.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: Mature seeds were tested for viability at different dormancy-breaking treatments and storage conditions. Seeds were also characterized morphologically and the seedling developmental pattern was established using the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemische Industrie (BBCH) scale. We also determined the preliminary chemical composition through qualitative phytochemical screening and proximate analysis.&nbsp; 
 
Result: Seeds of T. pandacaqui are obovate in shape with a 1000-seed weight of 20.99&plusmn;0.62 g at 4.7% moisture content. Removal of the aril from the fresh seeds improved germination from 30%&plusmn;0.98 to 84%&plusmn;0.71 and shortened the time to seedling emergence from 45 days to 4 days after sowing. The seeds can tolerate drying to 4.7% moisture content and storage at -10&deg;C for 3 months; thus, they have orthodox storage behavior. The germination pattern is epigeal phanerocotylar type, wherein the foliaceous cotyledons are raised (BBCH 09) and unfolded above the soil surface (BBCH 10). The seedling then develops an ovate to elliptic-shaped first true pair of leaves (BBCH 12) completing the germination process. The pre-dried seeds also have a high oil content of 28.7407&plusmn;0.09316% with a strong presence of alkaloids and saponins. This indicates that the seed is amenable to ex-situ conservation through seedbanking, but its viability must be monitored in shorter intervals due to its&nbsp; high oil content.

Morphology, Storage Behavior, Dormancy, Germination Pattern and Chemical Composition of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Lam. Seeds

Background: Container design plays a vital role in nursery production as it influences overall plant quality and field establishment. Conventional containers often induce root circling and deformation, while air root pruning containers increase the number of descending roots. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare root pruning container and traditional container production systems on the growth and root architecture of Tabernaemontana divaricata (Dwarf). 
 
Methods: The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replications. Six 10-inch height containers were tested in this experiment: Brown plastic pot, black plastic pot, airpot, growbag, black polybag and white polybag. Two-month-old plants were grown in a medium of red soil, vermicompost and cocopeat enriched with biofertilizers. Growth, biomass and root parameters were recorded at 120 days after planting and root architecture was analyzed using RhizoVision Explorer software. 
 
Result: Airpot (T3) recorded superior shoot growth with maximum plant height (28.95 cm), stem diameter (10.54 mm), inflorescence per plant (6.66), number of branches/plant (58.00), number of leaves/branch (16.30), leaf area (2.49 cm2), chlorophyll content (52.13), shoot fresh weight (49.4 3 g), shoot dry weight (11.15 g) and shoot dry matter content (22.55 %). Root phenotyping revealed greater root spread, total root length, root tips and branching points in growbag, while the black plastic pot recorded higher root volume and root biomass. Airpot containers minimized root circling and produced better quality nursery plants of Tabernaemontana divaricata.

Morphology, Storage Behavior, Dormancy, Germination Pattern and Chemical Composition of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Lam. Seeds

Comparative Study of Airpot and Conventional Containers- root Phenotyping with RhizoVision Explorer Software