Background: The major benefits of using tillage technology to agriculture are mainly in soil management and fertilizer application. These can help attack major problems such as soil degradation and increase agricultural productivity. The effect both of nutrients and of the quantity of seed have a major effect on the barley growth and the yield. Nanofertilizers can improve the uptake of nutrients and crop performance. 
 
Methods: A field experiment was conducted in Al-Qurna District aimed at determining the growth characteristics and yield of barley. Two different tillage systems (Chisel and Moldboard plow) and quantities of seed (40, 60 and 80 Kg/ha) (Sr1, Sr2 and Sr3) were compared under the influence of three levels of the nano-phosphorus fertilizer (0, 1.25 and 2.5 ml/litter) (Nf1, Nf2 and Nf3). 
 
Result: The chisel plow outperformed the moldboard plow in terms of flag leaf area, number of spikes per square meter and grain yield. The moldboard plow outperformed in terms of plant height and biological yield. SR2 achieved the highest average number of spikes per square meter, grain yield and biological yield. As for nano-phosphorus fertilizer levels, the Nf3 outperformed in terms of plant height, flag leaf area, number of spikes per square meter, grain yield and biological yield.

Effect of Nano Phosphorus Fertilizer Levels and Seed Rates on Barley Growth under Different Tillage Equipment

<div style="text-align: justify;">Harvesting of rabi crops almost free farmers till the last week of March or the first week of April. At this time there is so much moisture in the field that deep plowing can be done easily. Deep plowing of fields in summer is a profitable deal for the Kharif crop, but it should be done on time. There are more benefits from this. There will be no problem of weeding in the field nor will the crops need more water To make kharif cultivation easier, the agriculture department has released a sowing calendar of kharif crops, informing farmers many tricks of kharif cultivation. Agricultural experts say that summer plowing is most important in the production of kharif crops. Yields can increase by up to 50 per cent if plowed in a fixed period.&nbsp;</div>

Effect of Nano Phosphorus Fertilizer Levels and Seed Rates on Barley Growth under Different Tillage Equipment

Deep ploughing in summer will increase kharif yield