<div>Background: Many genomic imprinting left during long-term selective evolution may drive the formation of important economical traits of introduced and indigenous sheep breeds. 
 
Methods: In this study, OvineSNP50 BeadChip data of the introduced breeds GMM and DOR and the indigenous breed Sunit were downloaded from public databases. Selective sweep base on Pi and Fst strategy initially screened for a number of candidate genes that could explain the genetic mechanism elucidated the genetic-molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of growth development and reproductive traits between introduced and indigenous breeds. 
 
Result: In the DOR_VS_GMM group, 32 genes were identified. In the DOR_VS_SUN group, 26 genes were identified. In the GMM_VS_SUN group, 25 genes were identified. GO, KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these genes are mainly involved in the pathways of muscle development and reproductive regulation. We speculate that EHBP1, CSRP1, TNNI1, MBNL1, AADACL3, RDH13, TNNI3, BMP2, Wfdc8, PPP1CC2 and MOV10L1 may have left deep marks on the genome during long-term domestication and evolution and may be responsible for the productive and reproductive performance in the Merino and Sunit sheep. These genes have played an important role in the evolution of selection in the three breeds. It is expected that the selected candidate genes will provide some insights for future sheep germplasm mining and foreign introductions.</div>

Selection Signature Analysis for Important Economic Traits in Sheep (Ovis aries)

Background: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is the predominant leguminous oilseed crop of India which has turned out to be a sensitive victim to climate change episodes like rising CO2 levels, erratic rainfall pattern, high temperature and moisture stress leaving deleterious imprints in physiology, disease resistance, fertility and productivity. Globally climate change is anticipated to pull down groundnut productivity by 11-25%. Agronomic manipulations like altered time of sowing, intercropping and irrigation management helps in microclimate modification towards reaping higher productivity and economic returns in groundnut. 
 
Methods: Field experiments were conducted during 2019-2021 on sandy clay loam soil (Fluventic Ustropept) in a Randomized Block Design with three factors viz., differential cropping systems (sole groundnut, groundnut + red gram intercropping), rainfed and irrigation systems and differential sowing windows (Second fortnight of June, first and second fortnights of July). Growth parameters, physiological traits viz., photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, canopy temperature and light interception, incidence of foliar diseases viz., leaf spot and rust; soil borne disease viz., stem rot, root rot and productivity of groundnut were recorded at critical crop growth stages. 
 
Result: Canopy temperature was higher in sole groundnut system while light interception was higher in groundnut - redgram intercropping system, however system productivity did not register statistical superiority between the cropping systems. Irrigated system exerted its influence over rainfed system in terms of pod and kernel yield of groundnut. Sowing of groundnut during second fortnight of June was beneficial than July sowing in pod and kernel yield of groundnut due to uniform distribution of rainfall during the growth and reproductive phases of crop. Although differential cropping systems did not register their impact on disease incidence of groundnut, irrigated system and first sowing windows recorded minimum incidence of root rot, stem rot, early leaf spot, late leaf spot and rust diseases compared to rainfed system and July sowing.

Microclimate Modification through Groundnut-Pigeon Pea Intercropping System and its Effect on Physiological Responses, Disease Incidence and Productivity