<div>Background: Data on measurements of the proximal femur, acetabulum with special reference to CHD in GSD is relatively limited. The present study recorded the complete canine femoral geometry of healthy as well as dysplastic hip joint in young dogs of GSD breed. 
 
Methods: All the dogs were subjected to radiographic evaluation to measure hip joint morphometric parameters using the CARESTREAM vita flex CR system with added IMAGE SUITE software version 4.0. 
 
Result: In dogs below 6 months of age and with CHD, measurements like AW, HD were higher in CHD where as ND, FIA values were lower. AA, EAA values were higher and AHI was lower in CHD. Indices like DI and SI were higher whereas PC and NA were lower in CHD. In healthy hip, HNI and PC values were higher in male dogs where as FNALa, ND values were higher in female dogs. In CHD, FSC, HD, TW, FSD, FIA were higher in female dogs where as HAL value was higher in male dogs. In dogs between 6 to 12 months age and with CHD, FNALa, FNALb values were higher, where as AW, ND, FSD, FIA values were lower in CHD. AA, EAA values were higher, where as AHI, PC were lower in CHD. Indices like DI and SI were higher, whereas PC and NA were lower in CHD. In dogs with healthy hip, FNALa, FNALb, TW, AHI values were higher in male dogs where as AW, AHI values were higher in female dogs. In CHD, AW, TW were higher in female dogs where as HAL, FSC, ND, FSD values were higher in male dogs.</div>

Morphometry of Hip Joint in German Shepherd Dogs with Hip Dysplasia vis-a-vis Normal Hip

<div>Background: In mungbean crop, the yield gap in many high yielding varieties is mainly due to lack of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting and wetting due to rains at physiological maturity or just before harvesting. Prevention of pre-harvest sprouting damage forms the most important challenge in mungbean since it has been identified as the crucial constraint for improving seed yield and quality seed. With the above perspective, the present study is aimed to identify morpho-physiological features responsible for pre-harvest sprouting and to reveal ultra structural architecture of pod and seeds of mungbean genotypes, imparting susceptibility or tolerance to pre-harvest sprouting. 
 
Methods: Four mungbean genotypes viz. ML 267 and MGG 295 (susceptible) and LGG 450 and K 851 (tolerant) were used to study the details of morpho-physiological characters such as: layers and thickness of podwall, seed coat, their external surface and internal structures of seed using scanning electron microscopy. The quantity of water accumulated, rate of moisture absorption, speed, path and pattern of water movement across the podwall and seed coat including locular space, cotyledonary area and embryonic region were studied using I2-KI treated water in time course studies on water pathway.&nbsp; 
 
Result: The ultrastructural architecture of pod, morpho-physiological features endowed with differential biomolecular alignment together determine the trait of tolerance or susceptibility to pre-harvest sprouting in mungbean genotypes.</div>

Scanning Electron Microscopy and Morpho-Physiological Features Imparting Differential Tolerance to Pre-harvest Sprouting (PHS) in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]