<div><strong>Background:</strong> It is known that balance diet is the key success for better production in poultry. The digestive physiology is regulated by the neurocrine and endocrine secretions. Growth, secretion, motility, cell signalling, vasoregulation, cell proliferation and differentiation of the epithelial cells of the alimentary canal are reported to be controlled by the peptides or amines released from the gut endocrine cells and enteric neurons. References particularly on systematic study of gastrointestinal endocrine cells in duck as regards to histomorphology and cytochemistry are gravely scanty. Hence the present investigation envisages authenticating the histomorphological characters and cytochemical behaviour of the gastrointestinal endocrine cells in duck.<br />
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<strong>Methods:</strong> For this study the abdomen of six Khaki campbell ducks from either sex was cut open following euthanasia. Tissue pieces from different segments of gut were collected and processed routinely to get 7-8&micro; thick serial paraffin sections. The tissue sections were stained for evaluation of histomorphological and histochemical characters of the entero-endocrine cells.<br />
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<strong>Result:</strong> A panel of seven cytochemical stains identified nine endocrine cell types in the digestive mucosa of Khaki Campbell duck i.e. basally granulated oval cell, densely granulated spindle shaped cell, densely granulated oval cell, diffusely granulated oval cell, pyramidal cell, densely granulated elongated cell, densely granulated pyriform cell, peripherally granulated spherical cell and non-argentaffin chromaffin oval cell. The cells occurred in single or in small clusters in the basal or middle or neck part of glandular epithelium or in the surface epithelium. All the endocrine cells were &lsquo;close type&rsquo;. Cytochemically they were four types i.e. argentaffin, argyrophil, chromaffin and APUD (Amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) cells.</div>


<div>Histomorphological and Cytochemical Characters of Endocrine Cells of the Gastrointestinal Mucosa of Duck (<em>Anas platyrhynchos</em>)</div>


<div><strong>Background: </strong>The cytochemistry and cytoenzymatic profile of the blood cells is an important tool in the hands of clinical veterinary practitioners. It has also applications in various fields of veterinary sciences. Therefore based on its clinical importance present study was conducted on the blood cells of native cattle (Zobawng) of Mizoram to examine the cytochemical and cytoenzymatic characteristics.<br />
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<strong>Methods: </strong>For this study, a total of 12 numbers of blood samples (5 ml) were taken aseptically from adult local cattle of Mizoram, irrespective of sex. The blood smears were prepared and stained with acid ferrocyanide (ACF) for the detection of non-heame iron, toluidine blue (TBO) stain for acid mucopolysaccharides, Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stain for observation of glycogen and Sudan black B (SBB) stain for demonstration of lipid. Acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), peroxidase (POX), arylsulphatase (ARS), cytochrome oxidase (CYO), beta-glucuronidase (GUSB) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzymes were used for cytoenzymatic features of blood cells. The smears were observed under 1000X magnification in an Olympus Trinocular Research microscope.<br />
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<strong>Result:</strong> In the cytochemical studies, basophils showed a positive reaction for mucopolysaccharides in the toluidine blue stain and neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils recorded positive for glycogen in the PAS stain. Eosinophils and basophils also displayed positive for lipids in the SBB stain. The cytoenzymatic studies of eosinophils and basophils recorded positive reactions for ACP, ALP, POX, ARS and CYO activity.</div>


Histomorphological and Cytochemical Characters of Endocrine Cells of the Gastrointestinal Mucosa of Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Diagnostic Importance of Cytochemical and Cytoenzymatic Patterns of Peripheral Blood Cells in Native Cattle (Zobawng) of Mizoram, India