<div>Background: Biofertiliser formulations are available as carrier based and liquid based. Liquid formulations are known to have better shelf life, viability and higher cell count. Little is known about the comparison between the two formulations in field condition. The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of seed treatment of carrier or liquid-based formulations of biofertilisers (Rhizobium and PSB) when integrated with different doses of inorganic fertilisers. 
 
Methods: A field experiment was conducted in randomised block design during the summer seasons of 2018 and 2019 on green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] in the red laterite soil of West Bengal. Ten treatment combinations were replicated thrice. Growth attributes, yield components, yield, soil characteristics, nutrient uptake and economics were studied. 
 
Result: The results revealed that application of recommended doses of fertilisers (RDF) + liquid based Rhizobium + PSB registered significantly highest growth, yield, nutrient uptake in plants, economic return as well as improved soil characteristics. Economic return in plants treated with 75% RDF + Liquid based Rhizobium + PSB was found at par with plants applied with RDF + Carrier based Rhizobium + PSB, RDF + Liquid based PSB and RDF + Liquid based Rhizobium.</div>

​Effect of Carrier and Liquid based Biofertilisers on Summer Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Grown in Red Laterite Soil

<div>Background:&nbsp;Groundnut (Arachs hypogeae) is a prominent legume vegetable oil seed crop in India and it&rsquo;s lower productivity is a matter of concern attributed to the major constraints of inefficient irrigation and nutrient management in rabi season. Fertigation is the recent innovative gearing up technology in which the nutrients are applied in pr&eacute;cised quantity along with drip irrigation at regular intervals throughout the crop growth matching with their requirement, resulting in enhanced resource use efficiency and crop yields. Liquid formulations of biofertilizers can be diluted sufficiently and applied through drip irrigation uniformly to the root zone of crop. Humic acid is widely used as fertilizer synergist and hence in combination with inorganic fertilizers can enhance their use efficiency and improve root zone activity. The present experiment was conducted to develop an integrated nutrient management practice in combination of chemical fertilizers with organic sources i.e., co inoculation of liquid biofertilisers and humic acid under fertigation for rabi groundnut under fertigation.</div>

Methods: The experiment was comprised of seven treatments of integrated nutrient management practices viz., T1- Soil application of 100% RDF(30-40-50 kg N,P2O5 and K2O haˉ&sup1;) + Drip irrigation ; T2- 75 % RDF + Liquid biofertilizers @ 3.75 l haˉ1 ; T3- 75% RDF + Humic acid @ 12.5 l haˉ1 ; T4- 50 % RDF + Liquid biofertilizers @ 3.75 l haˉ1 ; T5&ndash;50 % RDF + Humic acid @ 12.5 l haˉ1 ; T6- 100 % RDF + Liquid biofertilizers @ 3.75 l haˉ1 ; T7- 100 % RDF+Humic acid @ 12.5 l haˉ1 which were laid out in randomised block design with three replications.

Result: The integrated nutrient management practice with application of 100% RDF (30-40-50 kg N,P2O5 and K2O) + Liquid biofertilizers @ 3.75 l ha-1 (Rhizobium, Phosphorus solubilising bacteria and Potassium solubilising bacteria each @ 1.25 l ha-1) through fertigation recorded tallest plants (49.9 cm), highest LAI(2.05), SCMR value(34.5), highest number of nodules plant -1(60.2), pods plant-1(11.2), 100 pod weight(125.7 g), kernel weight (52.9 g) which resulted in the highest pod (3902 kg ha-1), kernel (2666 kg ha-1), haulm yied (4363kg ha-1 ), higher nutrient uptake and net returns (Rs.130818 ha-1) of groundnut, which were comparable to 100% RDF + Humic acid @ 12.5l ha-1 . However 75% RDF + Liquid biofertilizers @ 3.75 l ha-1 through fertigation recorded growth and pod yield (3988 kg ha-1) of groundnut on par with the best treatment of 100% RDF + Liquid biofertilizers @ 3.75 l ha-1 with a saving of 25 per cent of RDF and net returns of (Rs.130818 ha-1) and higher B:C ratio (2.31).

Performance of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as Influenced by Integrated Nutrient Management Under Fertigation

The experiment was carried out from the beginning of spring in 2014 in pots near the greenhouse of Research Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice, Poland, on maiden apple trees cv. &lsquo;Topaz&rsquo;. In May 2014, chemical fertilization (NPK) and various bioproducts: Fertigo, Micosat, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, Aktywit PM, BioFeed Quality, BioFeed Amin, Vinassa, Florovit Natura and Florovit Eko alone or with Pantoea sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and Rhizobium sp. bacteria were applied to evaluate their effect on growth, yield and fruit quality. Fruit weight was markedly enhanced with Humus Active + Aktywit PM and Humus UP supplemented with beneficial bacteria, and by Humus UP and Biofeed Amin treatments, compared to control.

​Effect of Carrier and Liquid based Biofertilisers on Summer Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Grown in Red Laterite Soil

Performance of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as Influenced by Integrated Nutrient Management Under Fertigation

Biofertilization effect on growth, yield and fruit quality of apple cv Topaz

Effect of Carrier and Liquid based Biofertilisers on Summer Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Grown in Red Laterite Soil