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volume 38 issue 1 (february 2015) : 66-71,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00011.9

Effects of salicylic and ascorbic acid applications on growth, yield, water use efficiency and some physiological traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under reduced irrigation

S
Siamak Farjam*
H
Hamdollah Kazemi-Arbat
A
Adel Siosemardeh
M
Mehrdad Yarnia
A
Asad Rokhzadi
1Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Cite article:- Farjam* Siamak, Kazemi-Arbat Hamdollah, Siosemardeh Adel, Yarnia Mehrdad, Rokhzadi Asad (2025). Effects of salicylic and ascorbic acid applications on growth, yield, water use efficiency and some physiological traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under reduced irrigation. Legume Research. 38(1): 66-71. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00011.9.

ABSTRACT

Drought is one of the main constraints restricting the growth and yield of crop plants. It is suggested that antioxidants, like salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (AA), may enhance drought tolerance in plants. Results showed that seed yield, plant biomass, plant height and water use efficiency were decreased whereas protein content and soluble carbohydrates were increased as the result of complete drought stress. The maximum plant height and the highest protein content of the chickpea belonged to ILC482 and Kurdistan cultivars respectively. The plant biomass was increased by application of salicylic and ascorbic acids as compared with control plants significantly. The results showed that ascorbic acid application increased rate of biological water use efficiency significantly as compared with control plants. Application of salicylic acid led to significant increase in protein content of leaves in complete drought stress condition. Application of ascorbic acid at non-stress (control) condition resulted in the highest rate of economical water use efficiency.

REFERENCES

  1. Al-Kaisi, M.M. and Xinhua, Y. (2003). Effects of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency Agron. J. 95: 1475-1482.
  2. Ameerkhan, M. and Ammadmr, S.A. (2006). Interactive effect of foliarly applied ascorbic acid and salt stress on wheat at the seedling stage. Pakistan J. Bot. 38(5):1404-1414.
  3. Anderson, W.K. (1992). Increasing grain yield and water use of wheat in a rain fed Mediterranean type environment. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 43: 1-17.
  4. Baghizadeh, A.M., Ghorbanli Haj, R.M. and Mozafari, H. (2009). Evaluation of interaction effect of drought stress with ascorbate and salicylic acid on some of physiological and biochemical parameters in Okra (Hibiscus escalentus l.) Res. J. Biol. Sci. 4(4): 380-387.
  5. Bakry, A.B., Abdelraouf, R.E., Ahmed, M.A. and El Karamany, M.F. (2012). Effect of drought stress and ascorbic acid foliar application on productivity and irrigation water use efficiency of wheat under newly reclaimed sandy soil. J. Appl. Sci. Res. 8(8): 4552-4558.
  6. Beltagi, M.S. (2008). Exogenous ascorbic acid (vitamin C) induced anabolic changes for salt tolerance in chickpea (CicerarietinumL.) plants. Afr. J. Plant Sci.10: 118 -123.
  7. Bideshki, A. and Arvin, M.J. (2010). Effect of salicylic acid (SA) and drought stress on growth, bulb yield and allicin content of garlic (Allium sativum) in field. Plant Ecophysiol. 2: 73-79.
  8. Bradford, M.M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248-254.
  9. Cruz-Aquado, J.A., Rodes, R., Perez, I.P. and Dorado. M. (2000). Morphological characteristics and yield components associated with accumulation and loss of dry mass in the internodes of wheat. Field Crops Res. 66: 129-139.
  10. Cruz de Carvalho, M.H. (2008). Drought stress and reactive oxygen species. Plant signal. Behav. 3(3): 156-165.
  11. DuBois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A. and Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28(3): 350-356.
  12. El-Tayeb, M.A.( 2005). Response of barley grain to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation, 45: 215-224.
  13. Ghafiyehsanj, E., Dilmaghan, I.K. and HekmatShoar, H. (2013). The effects of salicylic acid on some biochemical characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salinity stress. Ann. Biol. Res. 4(6): 242-248.
  14. Jalota,S.K., Anil, S.and Harman. W.L. (2006). Assessing the response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) yield to irrigation water on two soils in Punjab (India): A simulation analysis using the CROPMAN model. Agric. Water Manage. 79: 312-320.
  15. Katerji, N., Mastrorillim,M. and Rana, G. (2008). Water use efficiency of crops cultivated in the mediterranean region: Review and analysis. Europ. J. Agron. 28: 493-507.
  16. Khan, A., Ahmad, M.S.A., Athar, H.U.R. and Ashraf, M. (2006). Interactive effect of foliarly applied ascorbic acid and salt stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at the seedling stage. Pakistan J. Bot. 38(5): 1404-1414.
  17. Khodary, S.E.A. (2004). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 6(1): 5-8.
  18. Kumar, J. and Abbo, S. (2001). Genetics of flowering time in chickpea and its bearing on productivity in semi-arid environments. In: Spaks, D.L. (Ed.), Advances in Agronomy, vol. 2. Academic press, New York, p. 122.
  19. Leport, L., N.C. Turner, S.L. Davies and K.H.M. Siddique, 2006.Variation pod production and abortion among chickpea cultivars under terminal drought. Eur. J. Argon. 24: 236-246.
  20. Mansur, C.P.Y., Palled, B., Salimath, P.M. and Halikatti. S.I. (2010). An analysis of dry matter production, growth and yield in kabuli chickpea as influenced by dates of sowing and irrigation levels. Karnataka. J. Agric. Sci. 23: 457-460.
  21. Muchaw, R.C. (1985). Phenology, seed yield and water use of grain legumes grown under different soil water regimes in a semi- arid tropical environment. Field Crops Res. 11: 81-97.
  22. Nasseri, A. and Fallahi, H.A. (2007).Water use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation. J. Biol. Sci. 7(1): 19-26.
  23. Nayyar. H and Gupta, D. (2006). Differential sensitivity of C3 and C4 plants to water deficit stress: Association with oxidative stress and antioxidants. Environ. Exp. Bot. 58: 106-113.
  24. Noreen, S. and Ashraf. M. (2008). Alleviation of adverse effects of salt stress on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by exogenous application of salicylic acid: Growth and photosynthesis. Pak. J. Bot. 40(4): 1657-1663.
  25. Noreen, S., Ashraf, M., Hussain, M. and Jamil, A. (2009). Exogenous application of salicylic acid enhances antioxidative capacity in salt stressed sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) plants. Pak. J. Bot. 41: 473-479.
  26. Popova, L., Pancheva, T. and Uzunova. A. (1997). Salicylic acid: properties, biosynthesis and physiological role. Bulg. J. Plant physiol. 23: 85–93.
  27. Rosales, M.A., Ruiz, J.M., Hernandez, J., Soriano, T. Castilla, N. and Romero, L. (2006). Antioxidant content and ascorbate metabolism in cherry tomato exocarp in relation to temperature and solar radiation. J. Sci. Food Agric. 86: 1545-    1551.
  28. Wright, P.R., Morgan, J.M. and Jessop, R.S. (1996). Comparative adaptation of canola (Brassica napusL.) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) to soil water deficits: plant water relations and growth. Field Crops. Res. 49: 51-49.
  29. Zeid, F.A., El Shihy, O., Ghallab, A.E.M. and Ibrahim, F.E.A. (2009). Effect of exogenous ascorbic acid on wheat tolerance to salinity stress conditions. Arab J. Biotechnol. 12: 149-174.
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    volume 38 issue 1 (february 2015) : 66-71,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00011.9

    Effects of salicylic and ascorbic acid applications on growth, yield, water use efficiency and some physiological traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under reduced irrigation

    S
    Siamak Farjam*
    H
    Hamdollah Kazemi-Arbat
    A
    Adel Siosemardeh
    M
    Mehrdad Yarnia
    A
    Asad Rokhzadi
    1Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
    Cite article:- Farjam* Siamak, Kazemi-Arbat Hamdollah, Siosemardeh Adel, Yarnia Mehrdad, Rokhzadi Asad (2025). Effects of salicylic and ascorbic acid applications on growth, yield, water use efficiency and some physiological traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under reduced irrigation. Legume Research. 38(1): 66-71. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00011.9.

    ABSTRACT

    Drought is one of the main constraints restricting the growth and yield of crop plants. It is suggested that antioxidants, like salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (AA), may enhance drought tolerance in plants. Results showed that seed yield, plant biomass, plant height and water use efficiency were decreased whereas protein content and soluble carbohydrates were increased as the result of complete drought stress. The maximum plant height and the highest protein content of the chickpea belonged to ILC482 and Kurdistan cultivars respectively. The plant biomass was increased by application of salicylic and ascorbic acids as compared with control plants significantly. The results showed that ascorbic acid application increased rate of biological water use efficiency significantly as compared with control plants. Application of salicylic acid led to significant increase in protein content of leaves in complete drought stress condition. Application of ascorbic acid at non-stress (control) condition resulted in the highest rate of economical water use efficiency.

    REFERENCES

    1. Al-Kaisi, M.M. and Xinhua, Y. (2003). Effects of nitrogen rate, irrigation rate and plant population on corn yield and water use efficiency Agron. J. 95: 1475-1482.
    2. Ameerkhan, M. and Ammadmr, S.A. (2006). Interactive effect of foliarly applied ascorbic acid and salt stress on wheat at the seedling stage. Pakistan J. Bot. 38(5):1404-1414.
    3. Anderson, W.K. (1992). Increasing grain yield and water use of wheat in a rain fed Mediterranean type environment. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 43: 1-17.
    4. Baghizadeh, A.M., Ghorbanli Haj, R.M. and Mozafari, H. (2009). Evaluation of interaction effect of drought stress with ascorbate and salicylic acid on some of physiological and biochemical parameters in Okra (Hibiscus escalentus l.) Res. J. Biol. Sci. 4(4): 380-387.
    5. Bakry, A.B., Abdelraouf, R.E., Ahmed, M.A. and El Karamany, M.F. (2012). Effect of drought stress and ascorbic acid foliar application on productivity and irrigation water use efficiency of wheat under newly reclaimed sandy soil. J. Appl. Sci. Res. 8(8): 4552-4558.
    6. Beltagi, M.S. (2008). Exogenous ascorbic acid (vitamin C) induced anabolic changes for salt tolerance in chickpea (CicerarietinumL.) plants. Afr. J. Plant Sci.10: 118 -123.
    7. Bideshki, A. and Arvin, M.J. (2010). Effect of salicylic acid (SA) and drought stress on growth, bulb yield and allicin content of garlic (Allium sativum) in field. Plant Ecophysiol. 2: 73-79.
    8. Bradford, M.M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248-254.
    9. Cruz-Aquado, J.A., Rodes, R., Perez, I.P. and Dorado. M. (2000). Morphological characteristics and yield components associated with accumulation and loss of dry mass in the internodes of wheat. Field Crops Res. 66: 129-139.
    10. Cruz de Carvalho, M.H. (2008). Drought stress and reactive oxygen species. Plant signal. Behav. 3(3): 156-165.
    11. DuBois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A. and Smith, F. (1956). Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28(3): 350-356.
    12. El-Tayeb, M.A.( 2005). Response of barley grain to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation, 45: 215-224.
    13. Ghafiyehsanj, E., Dilmaghan, I.K. and HekmatShoar, H. (2013). The effects of salicylic acid on some biochemical characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salinity stress. Ann. Biol. Res. 4(6): 242-248.
    14. Jalota,S.K., Anil, S.and Harman. W.L. (2006). Assessing the response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) yield to irrigation water on two soils in Punjab (India): A simulation analysis using the CROPMAN model. Agric. Water Manage. 79: 312-320.
    15. Katerji, N., Mastrorillim,M. and Rana, G. (2008). Water use efficiency of crops cultivated in the mediterranean region: Review and analysis. Europ. J. Agron. 28: 493-507.
    16. Khan, A., Ahmad, M.S.A., Athar, H.U.R. and Ashraf, M. (2006). Interactive effect of foliarly applied ascorbic acid and salt stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at the seedling stage. Pakistan J. Bot. 38(5): 1404-1414.
    17. Khodary, S.E.A. (2004). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 6(1): 5-8.
    18. Kumar, J. and Abbo, S. (2001). Genetics of flowering time in chickpea and its bearing on productivity in semi-arid environments. In: Spaks, D.L. (Ed.), Advances in Agronomy, vol. 2. Academic press, New York, p. 122.
    19. Leport, L., N.C. Turner, S.L. Davies and K.H.M. Siddique, 2006.Variation pod production and abortion among chickpea cultivars under terminal drought. Eur. J. Argon. 24: 236-246.
    20. Mansur, C.P.Y., Palled, B., Salimath, P.M. and Halikatti. S.I. (2010). An analysis of dry matter production, growth and yield in kabuli chickpea as influenced by dates of sowing and irrigation levels. Karnataka. J. Agric. Sci. 23: 457-460.
    21. Muchaw, R.C. (1985). Phenology, seed yield and water use of grain legumes grown under different soil water regimes in a semi- arid tropical environment. Field Crops Res. 11: 81-97.
    22. Nasseri, A. and Fallahi, H.A. (2007).Water use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation. J. Biol. Sci. 7(1): 19-26.
    23. Nayyar. H and Gupta, D. (2006). Differential sensitivity of C3 and C4 plants to water deficit stress: Association with oxidative stress and antioxidants. Environ. Exp. Bot. 58: 106-113.
    24. Noreen, S. and Ashraf. M. (2008). Alleviation of adverse effects of salt stress on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by exogenous application of salicylic acid: Growth and photosynthesis. Pak. J. Bot. 40(4): 1657-1663.
    25. Noreen, S., Ashraf, M., Hussain, M. and Jamil, A. (2009). Exogenous application of salicylic acid enhances antioxidative capacity in salt stressed sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) plants. Pak. J. Bot. 41: 473-479.
    26. Popova, L., Pancheva, T. and Uzunova. A. (1997). Salicylic acid: properties, biosynthesis and physiological role. Bulg. J. Plant physiol. 23: 85–93.
    27. Rosales, M.A., Ruiz, J.M., Hernandez, J., Soriano, T. Castilla, N. and Romero, L. (2006). Antioxidant content and ascorbate metabolism in cherry tomato exocarp in relation to temperature and solar radiation. J. Sci. Food Agric. 86: 1545-    1551.
    28. Wright, P.R., Morgan, J.M. and Jessop, R.S. (1996). Comparative adaptation of canola (Brassica napusL.) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) to soil water deficits: plant water relations and growth. Field Crops. Res. 49: 51-49.
    29. Zeid, F.A., El Shihy, O., Ghallab, A.E.M. and Ibrahim, F.E.A. (2009). Effect of exogenous ascorbic acid on wheat tolerance to salinity stress conditions. Arab J. Biotechnol. 12: 149-174.
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