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volume 46 issue 2 (june 2012) : 161 - 166

LONG - TERM EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATERIALS AND FERTILIZERS ON SOIL PROPERTIES IN PEARL MILLET-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM

S
Sunil Kumar
R
Rita Dahiya
P
Pawan Kumar
B
B.S. Jhorar
V
V.K. Phogat
1Department of Soil Science, CCS Hayrna Agril. University, Hisar-125 004,India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Kumar Sunil, Dahiya Rita, Kumar Pawan, Jhorar B.S., Phogat V.K. (2025). LONG - TERM EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATERIALS AND FERTILIZERS ON SOIL PROPERTIES IN PEARL MILLET-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 46(2): 161 - 166. doi: .

ABSTRACT

An investigation was undertaken to study the effect of long- term application of  inorganic fertilizers and organic materials (farmyard manure, wheat straw and green manure) on soil physico-chemical properties, soil organic carbon, nutrient availability and crop yield after 22 cycles of pearl millet  and wheat  at Research Farm of CCS HAU, Hisar. The experiment consisted of five treatments including control, inorganic fertilizers alone, and fertilizers along with organic materials to substitute 50% N through farmyard manure (FYM), wheat straw and green manure (Sesbania aculeata). Continuous use of FYM, wheat straw and green manure in conjunction with fertilizers increased the soil organic carbon (OC), hydraulic conductivity, available N, P, K status and wheat yield, and decreased soil bulk density, soluble salts and pH. Among organic materials, FYM resulted in highest OC (0.54%), available N (242.8 kg/ha), available P (17.7 kg/ha) and available K (318.5 kg/ha) level in soil. In general, the application of organic materials reduced the soil bulk density by 3.3% as compared to the fertilizers alone. Among different treatments, the grain and straw yield of wheat was highest where FYM (50% of N) was applied with fertilizers than the application of wheat straw, green manure or inorganic fertilizers alone. The results suggest that integrated use of inorganic fertilizer in combination with organic materials facilitates soil physical and chemical environment congenial for achieving higher crop productivity under pearl millet-wheat cropping system.

REFERENCES

  1. Antil, R.S., Narwal, R.P., Singh, B. and Singh, J.P. (2011) Long-term effects of FYM and N on soil helath and crop productivity undr pearl millet- wheat cropping system. Ind. J. Fert. 7: 14-32.
  2. Babhulkar, P. S., Wandle, R. M., Badole, W. P. and Balpande, S. S. (2000) Residual effect of long term application of FYM and fertilizers on soil properties and yield of soyabean. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci. 48: 89-92.
  3. Bhagat, R. M., Bhardwaj, A.K. and Sharma, P.K. (2003) Long term effect of residue management on soil physical properties, water use and yield of rice in North Western India. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci. 51: 111-117.
  4. Chapale, S.D. and Bodole, W.P. (1999) Effect of green manuring and NPK combination on soil health and yield of rice (Oryza sativa). Ind. J. Agron. 44:448–451.
  5. Day, P.R. (1965) Particle fractionation and particle-size analysis. In: Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., Clark, F.E. (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1. pp. 545–567.
  6. Lado, M., Paz, A. and Ben-Hur, M. ( 2004) Organic matter and aggregate-size interactions in saturated hydraulic conductivity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68: 234–242.
  7. Klute, A. and Dirksen, C. (1986) Hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity: laboratory methods. In: Klute, .A. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1, vol. 9. Am. Soc. Agron. Madison, WI, pp. 687–734.
  8. Marinari, S., Masciandaro, G., Ceccanti, B. and Grego, S. (2000) Influence of organic and mineral fertilisers on soil biological and physical properties. Bioresource Tech. 72:9-17.
  9. Olsen, S.R., Cole, C. V., Watanable, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954) Estimation of available P in soils by extraction with NaHCO3. USDA Cirular No. 939, pp 19.
  10. Piper, C.S. (1966) Soil and plant analysis. Hans Publishers, Bombay, India, pp. 233-237
  11. Singh, N. P., Sachan, R. S., Pandey, P. C. and Bisht, P. S. (1999) Effect of a decade long fertilizer and manure application on soil fertility and productivity of rice-wheat system in Mollisol. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci. 47 (1): 72-80.
  12. Srivastava, O. P. (1998) Integrated nutrient management for sustained fertility of soil. Ind. J. Agri. Chem. 31:1–12.
  13. Sharma, S.P., Subehia, S.K. and Sharma, P.K. (2002) Research Bulletin on Long-term Effects of Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Quality, Crop Productivity and Sustainability. Department of Soil Science, CSK HPKV, Palampur, HP, India.
  14. Singh, G., Jalota, S. K. and Singh, Y. (2007) Manuring and residue management effects on physical properties of soil under rice-wheat system in Punjab. Soil and Tillage Research. 94:229–238.
  15. Soil Survey Staff (1998) Key to Soil Taxonomy, eighth (8th) edition, USDA and Natural Resource Conservation Service.
  16. Subbiah, B.V. and Asija, H.L. (1956) A rapid procedure for estimation of the available nitrogen in soils. Current Sci. 25: 259–260.
  17. Walkley, A. and Black, C. A. (1934) Estimation of organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37:29–38.
  18. Walia, Maninder Kaur , Walia, S. S. and Dhaliwal, S. S. (2010) Long-term effect of integrated nutrient management of properties of typic ustochrept after 23 cycles of an irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system. J. Sustainable Agri. 34 (7): 724-743.
  19. Yadav, R. L. and Subba Rao, A. (2002) Atlas of cropping systems in India. PDCSR bulletin No. 2001-02. Project Directorate for cropping systems research, Modipuram, Meerut, U. P.
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    volume 46 issue 2 (june 2012) : 161 - 166

    LONG - TERM EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATERIALS AND FERTILIZERS ON SOIL PROPERTIES IN PEARL MILLET-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM

    S
    Sunil Kumar
    R
    Rita Dahiya
    P
    Pawan Kumar
    B
    B.S. Jhorar
    V
    V.K. Phogat
    1Department of Soil Science, CCS Hayrna Agril. University, Hisar-125 004,India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Kumar Sunil, Dahiya Rita, Kumar Pawan, Jhorar B.S., Phogat V.K. (2025). LONG - TERM EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATERIALS AND FERTILIZERS ON SOIL PROPERTIES IN PEARL MILLET-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 46(2): 161 - 166. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    An investigation was undertaken to study the effect of long- term application of  inorganic fertilizers and organic materials (farmyard manure, wheat straw and green manure) on soil physico-chemical properties, soil organic carbon, nutrient availability and crop yield after 22 cycles of pearl millet  and wheat  at Research Farm of CCS HAU, Hisar. The experiment consisted of five treatments including control, inorganic fertilizers alone, and fertilizers along with organic materials to substitute 50% N through farmyard manure (FYM), wheat straw and green manure (Sesbania aculeata). Continuous use of FYM, wheat straw and green manure in conjunction with fertilizers increased the soil organic carbon (OC), hydraulic conductivity, available N, P, K status and wheat yield, and decreased soil bulk density, soluble salts and pH. Among organic materials, FYM resulted in highest OC (0.54%), available N (242.8 kg/ha), available P (17.7 kg/ha) and available K (318.5 kg/ha) level in soil. In general, the application of organic materials reduced the soil bulk density by 3.3% as compared to the fertilizers alone. Among different treatments, the grain and straw yield of wheat was highest where FYM (50% of N) was applied with fertilizers than the application of wheat straw, green manure or inorganic fertilizers alone. The results suggest that integrated use of inorganic fertilizer in combination with organic materials facilitates soil physical and chemical environment congenial for achieving higher crop productivity under pearl millet-wheat cropping system.

    REFERENCES

    1. Antil, R.S., Narwal, R.P., Singh, B. and Singh, J.P. (2011) Long-term effects of FYM and N on soil helath and crop productivity undr pearl millet- wheat cropping system. Ind. J. Fert. 7: 14-32.
    2. Babhulkar, P. S., Wandle, R. M., Badole, W. P. and Balpande, S. S. (2000) Residual effect of long term application of FYM and fertilizers on soil properties and yield of soyabean. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci. 48: 89-92.
    3. Bhagat, R. M., Bhardwaj, A.K. and Sharma, P.K. (2003) Long term effect of residue management on soil physical properties, water use and yield of rice in North Western India. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci. 51: 111-117.
    4. Chapale, S.D. and Bodole, W.P. (1999) Effect of green manuring and NPK combination on soil health and yield of rice (Oryza sativa). Ind. J. Agron. 44:448–451.
    5. Day, P.R. (1965) Particle fractionation and particle-size analysis. In: Black, C.A., Evans, D.D., White, J.L., Ensminger, L.E., Clark, F.E. (Eds.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1. pp. 545–567.
    6. Lado, M., Paz, A. and Ben-Hur, M. ( 2004) Organic matter and aggregate-size interactions in saturated hydraulic conductivity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 68: 234–242.
    7. Klute, A. and Dirksen, C. (1986) Hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity: laboratory methods. In: Klute, .A. (Ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1, vol. 9. Am. Soc. Agron. Madison, WI, pp. 687–734.
    8. Marinari, S., Masciandaro, G., Ceccanti, B. and Grego, S. (2000) Influence of organic and mineral fertilisers on soil biological and physical properties. Bioresource Tech. 72:9-17.
    9. Olsen, S.R., Cole, C. V., Watanable, F. S. and Dean, L. A. (1954) Estimation of available P in soils by extraction with NaHCO3. USDA Cirular No. 939, pp 19.
    10. Piper, C.S. (1966) Soil and plant analysis. Hans Publishers, Bombay, India, pp. 233-237
    11. Singh, N. P., Sachan, R. S., Pandey, P. C. and Bisht, P. S. (1999) Effect of a decade long fertilizer and manure application on soil fertility and productivity of rice-wheat system in Mollisol. J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci. 47 (1): 72-80.
    12. Srivastava, O. P. (1998) Integrated nutrient management for sustained fertility of soil. Ind. J. Agri. Chem. 31:1–12.
    13. Sharma, S.P., Subehia, S.K. and Sharma, P.K. (2002) Research Bulletin on Long-term Effects of Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Quality, Crop Productivity and Sustainability. Department of Soil Science, CSK HPKV, Palampur, HP, India.
    14. Singh, G., Jalota, S. K. and Singh, Y. (2007) Manuring and residue management effects on physical properties of soil under rice-wheat system in Punjab. Soil and Tillage Research. 94:229–238.
    15. Soil Survey Staff (1998) Key to Soil Taxonomy, eighth (8th) edition, USDA and Natural Resource Conservation Service.
    16. Subbiah, B.V. and Asija, H.L. (1956) A rapid procedure for estimation of the available nitrogen in soils. Current Sci. 25: 259–260.
    17. Walkley, A. and Black, C. A. (1934) Estimation of organic carbon by chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37:29–38.
    18. Walia, Maninder Kaur , Walia, S. S. and Dhaliwal, S. S. (2010) Long-term effect of integrated nutrient management of properties of typic ustochrept after 23 cycles of an irrigated rice (Oryza sativa L.) - wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system. J. Sustainable Agri. 34 (7): 724-743.
    19. Yadav, R. L. and Subba Rao, A. (2002) Atlas of cropping systems in India. PDCSR bulletin No. 2001-02. Project Directorate for cropping systems research, Modipuram, Meerut, U. P.
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