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volume 47 issue 5 (october 2013) : 392-401

DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF PESTS AND PREDATORS OF HONEYBEES IN HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA

N
Neena Sharma*
S
Sumit Vashisth
P
Pawan K. Sharma
1Department of Entomology, CSK HPKV, Palampur- 176 061, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Sharma* Neena, Vashisth Sumit, Sharma K. Pawan (2025). DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF PESTS AND PREDATORS OF HONEYBEES IN HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 47(5): 392-401. doi: .

ABSTRACT

An intensive survey was conducted in 30 apiaries, located in different agro climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh reveals, among invertebrates, insects and arachnids were the most prominent pest of honeybees. Hymenoptera (17), Diptera (3), Lepidoptera (2) and Coleoptera (2) and Orthoptera (1), Dictyoptera (1), Odonata (1) and Thysanura (1) were prominent. The Arachnids, consisted of Acarina (13) and Araneae (3) and Pseudoscorpionida (1). Besides insects and arachnids, 3 species of molluscs were also observed invading the bee colonies. Not only invertebrates, but, honey bee colonies were also invaded by vertebrates which included 2 species of reptiles, apes and mammals, and 1 of amphibians.

REFERENCES

  1. Abe, T. (1985). Hornet in Japan and the composition, properties and pathology of their venoms. Honey Bee Science, 10:13-24.
  2. Abrol, D.P. and Kakroo, S.K. (1998). Studies on seasonal activity and control of predatory wasps attacking honey bee colonies. Indian Bee Journal 60:15-19
  3. Abrol, D.P. (1994). Honey bee diseases, pest, predators and enemies-present status and future needs. Proceedings of National Seminar cum Workshop on honeybee diseases, their diagnosis and management, Bangalore, pp. 7.
  4. Abrol, D.P. and Kakroo, S.K. (1994). Pests and pathogens of Indian bee, Apis cerana indica F. in Jammu, India. Proceedings of National Seminar cum Workshop on Honeybee diseases, their diagnosis and management, Bangalore, pp. 7.
  5. Akrantanakul, P. (1987). Honey bee diseases and enemies in Asia. A parasitoidal guide.FAO, Rome.
  6. Atwal, A.S. (1987). Performance and prospects of Apis mellifera L. (Apidae: Hymen.) in the Indo-Gangetic plains. Indian Journal of Ecology 14: 92-101.
  7. Gatoria, G.S. and Jhajj, H.S. (1994). Status of bee diseases and enemies of Apis mellifera L. in Punjab-A review. Proceedings of National Seminar cum Workshop on honeybee diseases, their diagnosis and management, Bangalore, pp. 8.
  8. Gulati, R. and Kaushik, H.D. (2004). Enemies of honey bees and their management. Agric. rev. 25(3):189-200.
  9. Jyothi, J.K. and Reddy, C.C. (1992). Rate of larval mobility and orientation of greater wax moth, (Galleria mellonella L.) Geobios, 19:168-170.
  10. Jyothi, J.K. and Reddy, C.C. (1993). Influence of different comb parts as diets on the life cycle of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.), Indian Bee Journal, 55:29-35.
  11. Kshirsagar, K.K. and Mahindre, D.B. (1975). Some notes on bee predator wasps in India. Indian Bee Journal, 37:4-9.
  12. Kumar, D. (1995). Bioecology of Apis and its mite pests in relation to almond and peach pollination. Ph.D. Thesis, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India.
  13. Kumar, J. and Sharma, S.D. (2003). Seasonal incidence of ectoparasitic mite, Tropilaelaps clareae Delfinado and Bakar (Acarina :Laelafidae) in Apis mellifera L. colonies in Kullu valley of Himachal Pradesh. Pest Management and Economic Zoology, 11(9):15-19.
  14. Latif, A.V. and Yunus, C.M. (1950). The common or green bee eater as an enemy of honeybees. Bee World, 31:91-92.
  15. Mishra, R.C. (1995). Honeybee and Their Management in India. ICAR, New Delhi., 168 p.
  16. Morse, R.A. (1980). Honey bee Pests, Predator and Diseases. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, London.
  17. Murthy, V.A. and Venkataraman, R. (1985). Contribution to the biology of Pseudoscorpion, Elligsennius indicus chambelain. Indian Bee Journal, 47:34-35.
  18. Murthy, V.A. and Venkataraman, R. (1996). Elligsennius indicus (Arachanida: Chelonthi) as a tool to the assessment of the settling nature of honey bee (Apis cerana indica) colony in a new habitat. Indian Bee Journal, 48:59-55.
  19. Okada, I. (1956). Notes on Japanese hornet. Angeqandte Parasitolog Compositiony, 16:109-110.
  20. Otis, G.S. (1990). Diversity of Apis in southeast Asia. In: Social Insects and the Environment (ed. Veeresh, G.K.et al.,). Oxford and IBH Publishing Private Limited, New Delhi.
  21. Rana B.S et al. (2000). Indian Bee Journal, 62:96-98.
  22. Rishi, N.D. (1980). On the occurrence of some diseases and predators of Apis cerana indica F. In: Conference on Agriculture of Tropical Climates, New Delhi, India. 466-472.
  23. Sharma, O.P. and Raj, D. (1988). Ecological studies on predatory wasp attacking Italian honey bee Apis mellifera L. in Kangra Shivaliks. Indian Journal of Ecology, 15:168-171.
  24. Singh, G. (1972). Defensive behaviour of Apis indica (Hill Strain) against predatory hornets in Kashmir. Indian Bee Journal, 34:67-69.
  25. Singh, S. (1962). Beekeeping in India, ICAR New Delhi.
  26. Thakur, A.K., Garg, R. and Sharma, O.P. (1981). Vertebrate enemies of honey bees and their control in Dhauladhar (H.P.) India. Indian Bee Journal, 43:112-113.
  27. Thakur, A.K. and Sharma, O.P. (1984). The spider as bee enemy. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 81: 208-211.
  28. Verma, L.R. (1990). Beekeeping in Integrated Mountain Development-Economic and Scientific Perspective. Oxford and IBH Publication, New Delhi.
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    volume 47 issue 5 (october 2013) : 392-401

    DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF PESTS AND PREDATORS OF HONEYBEES IN HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA

    N
    Neena Sharma*
    S
    Sumit Vashisth
    P
    Pawan K. Sharma
    1Department of Entomology, CSK HPKV, Palampur- 176 061, India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Sharma* Neena, Vashisth Sumit, Sharma K. Pawan (2025). DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF PESTS AND PREDATORS OF HONEYBEES IN HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 47(5): 392-401. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    An intensive survey was conducted in 30 apiaries, located in different agro climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh reveals, among invertebrates, insects and arachnids were the most prominent pest of honeybees. Hymenoptera (17), Diptera (3), Lepidoptera (2) and Coleoptera (2) and Orthoptera (1), Dictyoptera (1), Odonata (1) and Thysanura (1) were prominent. The Arachnids, consisted of Acarina (13) and Araneae (3) and Pseudoscorpionida (1). Besides insects and arachnids, 3 species of molluscs were also observed invading the bee colonies. Not only invertebrates, but, honey bee colonies were also invaded by vertebrates which included 2 species of reptiles, apes and mammals, and 1 of amphibians.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abe, T. (1985). Hornet in Japan and the composition, properties and pathology of their venoms. Honey Bee Science, 10:13-24.
    2. Abrol, D.P. and Kakroo, S.K. (1998). Studies on seasonal activity and control of predatory wasps attacking honey bee colonies. Indian Bee Journal 60:15-19
    3. Abrol, D.P. (1994). Honey bee diseases, pest, predators and enemies-present status and future needs. Proceedings of National Seminar cum Workshop on honeybee diseases, their diagnosis and management, Bangalore, pp. 7.
    4. Abrol, D.P. and Kakroo, S.K. (1994). Pests and pathogens of Indian bee, Apis cerana indica F. in Jammu, India. Proceedings of National Seminar cum Workshop on Honeybee diseases, their diagnosis and management, Bangalore, pp. 7.
    5. Akrantanakul, P. (1987). Honey bee diseases and enemies in Asia. A parasitoidal guide.FAO, Rome.
    6. Atwal, A.S. (1987). Performance and prospects of Apis mellifera L. (Apidae: Hymen.) in the Indo-Gangetic plains. Indian Journal of Ecology 14: 92-101.
    7. Gatoria, G.S. and Jhajj, H.S. (1994). Status of bee diseases and enemies of Apis mellifera L. in Punjab-A review. Proceedings of National Seminar cum Workshop on honeybee diseases, their diagnosis and management, Bangalore, pp. 8.
    8. Gulati, R. and Kaushik, H.D. (2004). Enemies of honey bees and their management. Agric. rev. 25(3):189-200.
    9. Jyothi, J.K. and Reddy, C.C. (1992). Rate of larval mobility and orientation of greater wax moth, (Galleria mellonella L.) Geobios, 19:168-170.
    10. Jyothi, J.K. and Reddy, C.C. (1993). Influence of different comb parts as diets on the life cycle of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.), Indian Bee Journal, 55:29-35.
    11. Kshirsagar, K.K. and Mahindre, D.B. (1975). Some notes on bee predator wasps in India. Indian Bee Journal, 37:4-9.
    12. Kumar, D. (1995). Bioecology of Apis and its mite pests in relation to almond and peach pollination. Ph.D. Thesis, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India.
    13. Kumar, J. and Sharma, S.D. (2003). Seasonal incidence of ectoparasitic mite, Tropilaelaps clareae Delfinado and Bakar (Acarina :Laelafidae) in Apis mellifera L. colonies in Kullu valley of Himachal Pradesh. Pest Management and Economic Zoology, 11(9):15-19.
    14. Latif, A.V. and Yunus, C.M. (1950). The common or green bee eater as an enemy of honeybees. Bee World, 31:91-92.
    15. Mishra, R.C. (1995). Honeybee and Their Management in India. ICAR, New Delhi., 168 p.
    16. Morse, R.A. (1980). Honey bee Pests, Predator and Diseases. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, London.
    17. Murthy, V.A. and Venkataraman, R. (1985). Contribution to the biology of Pseudoscorpion, Elligsennius indicus chambelain. Indian Bee Journal, 47:34-35.
    18. Murthy, V.A. and Venkataraman, R. (1996). Elligsennius indicus (Arachanida: Chelonthi) as a tool to the assessment of the settling nature of honey bee (Apis cerana indica) colony in a new habitat. Indian Bee Journal, 48:59-55.
    19. Okada, I. (1956). Notes on Japanese hornet. Angeqandte Parasitolog Compositiony, 16:109-110.
    20. Otis, G.S. (1990). Diversity of Apis in southeast Asia. In: Social Insects and the Environment (ed. Veeresh, G.K.et al.,). Oxford and IBH Publishing Private Limited, New Delhi.
    21. Rana B.S et al. (2000). Indian Bee Journal, 62:96-98.
    22. Rishi, N.D. (1980). On the occurrence of some diseases and predators of Apis cerana indica F. In: Conference on Agriculture of Tropical Climates, New Delhi, India. 466-472.
    23. Sharma, O.P. and Raj, D. (1988). Ecological studies on predatory wasp attacking Italian honey bee Apis mellifera L. in Kangra Shivaliks. Indian Journal of Ecology, 15:168-171.
    24. Singh, G. (1972). Defensive behaviour of Apis indica (Hill Strain) against predatory hornets in Kashmir. Indian Bee Journal, 34:67-69.
    25. Singh, S. (1962). Beekeeping in India, ICAR New Delhi.
    26. Thakur, A.K., Garg, R. and Sharma, O.P. (1981). Vertebrate enemies of honey bees and their control in Dhauladhar (H.P.) India. Indian Bee Journal, 43:112-113.
    27. Thakur, A.K. and Sharma, O.P. (1984). The spider as bee enemy. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 81: 208-211.
    28. Verma, L.R. (1990). Beekeeping in Integrated Mountain Development-Economic and Scientific Perspective. Oxford and IBH Publication, New Delhi.
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