Indian Journal of Agricultural Research

  • Chief EditorT. Mohapatra

  • Print ISSN 0367-8245

  • Online ISSN 0976-058X

  • NAAS Rating 5.60

  • SJR 0.293

Frequency :
Bi-monthly (February, April, June, August, October and December)
Indexing Services :
BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Elsevier (Scopus and Embase), AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Submit

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 47 issue 5 (october 2013) : 381-391

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CHLORPYRIPHOS DEGRADING BACTERIA

Niti Chawla, Sunita Suneja, Kamlesh Kukreja*
1Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar – 125 004, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Chawla Niti, Suneja Sunita, Kukreja* Kamlesh (2024). ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CHLORPYRIPHOS DEGRADING BACTERIA. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 47(5): 381-391. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Twenty six bacterial isolates were obtained from chlorpyriphos contaminated soil samples by enrichment culture technique. Out of these, four isolates showed growth up to 30,000 ppm and four up to 40,000 ppm chlorpyriphos amended in Mineral salt medium (MSM) containing glucose (0.2%). Out of these eight isolates, four produced yellow coloured colonies on MSM agar plates containing chlorpyriphos (50 ppm) and bromo thymol blue (BTB) indicator and also showed the reduction of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) in MSM that confirmed their chlorpyriphos degrading capability. These four isolates were tested for different carbon and nitrogen source utilization pattern on MSM agar plates (containing 100 ppm chlorpyriphos). With all the isolates, good growth was observed in presence of five carbon and five nitrogen sources. Therefore, these carbon and nitrogen sources were used for chlorpyriphos utilization in liquid medium. Bacterial count and protein content was found to be more in the medium amended with 100 ppm chlorpyriphos containing glucose as carbon source and ammonium chloride as nitrogen source as compared to medium containing other carbon and nitrogen sources with all the four isolates at 7 days of growth. Maximum utilization of chlorpyriphos was observed with the isolate SB1 (80.1 %) followed by HIC2 (76.2 %), SGB2 (65.2%) and HIIGA2 (58.1%) in liquid medium. Two isolates (SB1 and HIC2) which showed more utilization of chlorpyriphos in liquid medium as compared to others, were characterized using morphological, biochemical and physiological tests. Isolate SB1 was identified as Pseudomonas and HIC2 as Xanthomonas.

REFERENCES

  1. Aleagha, M.M., Pedram, M., Ebadi, A.G., Afsari, H. (2011). Measurement of chlorpyrifos residues (organophosphate insecticide) in apple fruit in Damavand region. Ameri. J. of Sci. Res. 13: 79-81
  2. Anuja, G. (2005). Isolation, Screening and Selection of efficient chlorpyriphos degrading bacteria. M.Sc.(Agri.)Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.
  3. Anwar, S., Liaquat, F., Khan, Q.M., Khalid, Z.M., Iqba, S. (2009). Biodegradation of chlorpyriphos and its hydrolysis product 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol by Bacillus pumilus strain C2A1. J. Hazard. Mater. 168: 400–405.
  4. Awad, N. S., Sabit, H. H., Salah, E., Abo-Aba, M. and Bayoumi, R.A. (2011). Isolation, characterization and fingerprinting of some chlorpyriphos- degrading bacterial strains isolated from Egyptian pesticides-polluted soils. Afri. J. Microbiol. Res., 5(18): 2855-2862.
  5. Aysal, P., Gozek, K., Artik, N. and Tuncbilek, A.S. (1999). 14C-Chlorpyriphos residues in tomatoes and tomato products. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 62: 122-125.
  6. Bhagobaty, R. and Malik, A. (2008). Utilization of chlorpyriphos as a sole source of carbon by the bacteria isolated from waste water irrigated agricultural soils in an industrial area of western Uttar Pradesh. India.Res.J.Microbiol. 3(5): 293-307.
  7. Blossom, Singh, B. and Gaganjyot. (2004). Monitoring of insecticide residues in cotton seed in Punjab, India. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. ,73: 707-712.
  8. Fang, H., Yu, Y.L., Wang, X., Shan, M., Wu, X.M., Yu. J.Q. (2006). Dissipation of chlorpyriphos in pakchoi-vegetated soil in a greenhouse. J. Environ.Sci., 18: 760-764.
  9. Feng, Y., Racke, K.D. and Bollag, J.M. (1997). Isolation and characterization of a chlorinated pyridinol degrading bacterium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63: 4096-4098.
  10. Farhan, M., Khan, A. U., Wahid, A., Ali, A. S. and Ahmad F. (2013) Potential of indigenous Klebsiella sp. for chlorpyriphos biodegradation. Pakistan J. Sci., 6: 133-137.
  11. Farhan, M., Khan, A. U., Wahid, A., Ahmad, M. and Ahmad, F. (2012). Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos using indigenous Pseudomonas sp. isolated from industrial drain. Pak. J. Nut., 11(12): 1183-89
  12. Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S. and Eaton, A.D. (1992). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water. 18th ed. APHA, Washington.
  13. Gupta, A., Parihar, N.S. and Bhatnagar, A. (2001). Lindane, chlorpyriphos and quinalphos residues in mustard seed and oil. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 67: 122-125.
  14. Hindumathy, C.K. and Gayathri, V. (2013). Effect of pesticide (chlorpyrifos) on soil microbial flora and pesticide degradation by strains isolated from contaminated soil. J. Bioremed. Biodeg., 4: 178.
  15. Holt, G.H., N.R. Krieg, P.N.A. Sneath, J.T. Staley and S.T Williams. (1994). Gram positive cocci. In: Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. 9th edition. William and Wilkins Baltimore Maryland, U.S.A. 527-533.
  16. Horne, I., Sutherland, T.D., Harcourt, R.L., Russell, R.J. and Oakeshott.,J.G. (2002). Identification of an opd (organophosphate degradation) gene in an Agrobacterium isolate. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 68: 3371-3376.
  17. Ivashina, S.A. (1986). Interaction of Dursban with soil micro-organisms, Agrokhimia 8: 75-76
  18. Jain, H.K., Pandey, S.Y., Agnihotri, N.P. and Dewan, R.S. (1974). Rapid estimation of OP insecticides. Indian J. Entomol., 36: 145-148.
  19. Kanekar, P.P., Bhadbhade, B., Deshpande, N.M. and Sarnaik, S.S. (2004). Biodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides. Proc. Indian. Nat. Sci. Academy, 70: 57-70.
  20. Karpouzas, D. G. and Walker,A. (2000). Factors influencing the ability of Pseudomonas putida strains epI and II to degrade the organophosphate ethoprophos. J. Appl. Microbiol., 89: 40-48.
  21. Korade, D.L. and Fulekar, M. H. (2009). Rhizosphere remediation of chlorpyriphos in mycorrhizospheric soil using ryegrass. J Hazard. Mater., 172( 2-3): 1344-1350.
  22. KaviKarunya, S. and Reetha, D. (2012). Biological degradation of chlorpyrifos and monocrotophos by bacterial isolates. Inter. J. Pharmaceu. Bio. Arch. 3(3): 685-691.
  23. Lakshmirani, N. and Lalithakumari, D. (1994). Degradation of methyl parathion by Pseudomonas putida. Can. J. Microbiol., 40: 1000-1006.
  24. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall, R..J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin-phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-275.
  25. Mallick, B. K., Banerji, A., Shakil, N. A. and Sethunathan, N. N. (1999). Bacterial degradation of chlorpyriphos in pure culture and in soil. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 62: 48-55.
  26. Mohan, S.V., Sirisha, K. and Rao, N.C. (2004). Degradation of chlorpyriphos contaminated soil by bioslurry reactor operated in sequencing batch mode: bioprocess monitoring. J. Hazard. Mater., 116: 39-48.
  27. Nandish, M.S. (2005). Microbial degradation of phenol and pentachlorophenol. M.Sc.(Agri.) Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.
  28. Qian, B., Zhu, L.S., Xie, H., Wang, J., Liu, W., Xu, Q.F., Song, Y., Xu, R.J. (2007).Isolation and degrading characters of Chlorpyriphos degrading bacteria XZ-3. Huan Jing Ke Xue., 28(12): 2827-32.
  29. Racke, K. D., Coats, J. R. and Titus, K. R. (1988). Degradation of chlorpyriphos and its hydrolysis products, 3,5,6- trichloro-2-pyridinol, in soil. J. Environ. Sci. Health B., 23:527-539.
  30. Racke, K. D., Steele, K. P., Yoder, R. N., Dick, W. A. and Avidov, E. (1996). Factors effecting the hydrolytic degradation of chlorpyriphos in soil. J. Agric. Food Chem., 44:1582-1592.
  31. Robertson, L. N., Chandler, K. J., Stickley, B. D. A., Cocco, R. F. and Ahmetagic, M. (1998). Enhanced microbial degradation implicated in rapid loss of Chlorpyriphos from the controlled release formulation Sucon(R) Blue in soil. Crop Prot., 17:29-33.
  32. Stuthers, J.K., Jayachandran, K. and Moorman, T.B. (1998). Biodegradation of atrazine by Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a and use of this strain in bioremediation of contaminated soil. App. Environ. Microbiol., 64: 3368-3375.
  33. Tchelet, R., Levanon, D., Mingelrin, D. and Henis, Y.(1993). Parathion degradation by a Pseudomonas sp. and a Xanthomonas sp. and by their crude enzyme extracts as affected by some cations. Soil. Biol. Biochem., 25: 1665–1671.
  34. Veeranagowda, Y., Neelakanteshwar, P.K. and Karegowdar, T.B. (2002). A method for screening of bacteria capable of degrading dimethylformamide. Curr. Sci., 87: 1652-1654.
  35. Yang, L., Zhao, Y.H., Zhang, BX., Yang, C.H., and Zhang, X. (2005).Isolation and characterization of a chlorpyriphos and 3, 5, 6- trichloro-2-pyridinol degrading bacterium. FEMS Microbiol Lett., 251: 67-73.
  36. Yu,C.P and Yu, Y.W. (2000). Evaluation of biodegrability by the reduction of tetrazoluim violet in biolog microplates. Biotechnol. lett. 22: 909-919
  37. Zhu, J., Zhao, Y. and Qiu, J. (2010). Isolation and application of a chlorpyriphos-degrading Bacillus licheniformis ZHU- 1. Afri. J. Microbiol. Res., 4(22): 2410-2413.
Reviewed By

Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Editorial Board

    View all (0)