Indian Journal of Agricultural Research

  • Chief EditorT. Mohapatra

  • Print ISSN 0367-8245

  • Online ISSN 0976-058X

  • NAAS Rating 5.20

  • SJR 0.293

Frequency :
Bi-monthly (February, April, June, August, October and December)
Indexing Services :
BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Elsevier (Scopus and Embase), AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 55 issue 1 (february 2021) : 105-109

Optimizing Application of Biochar Amendment for Nitrogen use Efficiency in Upland Rice under Melaleuca cajuputi Stands

E. Faridah, P. Suryanto, H.H. Nurjanto, E.T.S. Putra, M.D. Falah, M.H. Widyawan, T. Alam
1Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur-55281, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Cite article:- Faridah E., Suryanto P., Nurjanto H.H., Putra E.T.S., Falah M.D., Widyawan M.H., Alam T. (2021). Optimizing Application of Biochar Amendment for Nitrogen use Efficiency in Upland Rice under Melaleuca cajuputi Stands. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 55(1): 105-109. doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-601.
Background: The main problem in nitrogen fertilization for crop cultivated is the very low efficiency due to the leaching process. The purpose of this study was to the determination of the optimum levels of biochar amendment made from Melaleuca cajuputi biochar (MCB) and urea fertilizer (UF) for nitrogen use efficiency in upland rice under M. cajuputi stands.
Methods: The study was conducted during dry season within March to June 2019 in Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management District, Indonesia. The experimental design was laid out in a randomized complete block design factorial with three replications as the response surface methodology (RSM). The treatments consisted of MCB levels (0, 5, 10, 15 tons ha-1) and UF levels (0, 100, 200, 300 kg ha-1) as independent variables. The observation parameters were nitrate reductase activity (NRA), total chlorophyll (TC), leaf photosynthesis rate (LPR), nitrogen loss (NL), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and seed yield (SY). The data was analyzed using RSM approach and ridge regression.
Result: The optimizing applications of 11.14 tons ha-1 of MCB and 281.13 kg ha-1 of UF resulted in NUE and SY by 2.14 kg grain kg Nfertilizer-1 and 5.83 tons ha-1 or increased by 19.07% and 13.02%, compared to a single application of UF by 300 kg ha-1.
  1. Alam, T., Kurniasih, B., Suryanto, P., Basunanda, P., Supriyanta., Ambarwati, E., Widyawan, M.H., Handayani, S., Taryono. (2019). Stability analysis for soybean in agroforestry system with kayu putih. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics. 51: 405-418.
  2. Alam, T., Muhartini, S., Suryanto, P., Ambarwati, E., Kastono, D., Nurmalasari, A.I., Kurniasih, B. (2020a). Soybean varieties suitability in agroforestry system with kayu putih under influence of soil quality parameters. Revista Ceres. 67(5): 410-418. 
  3. Alam, T., Suryanto, P., Handayani, S., Kastono, D., Kurniasih, B. (2020b). Optimizing application of biochar, compost and nitrogen fertilizer in soybean intercropping with kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi). Revista Brasileira Ciencia do Solo. 44: e0200003. 
  4. Atkinson, C.J., Fitzgerald, J.D., Hipps, N.A. (2010). Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils- A review. Plant Soil. 337: 1-18.
  5. Coumaravel, K., Santhi, R., Kumar, V.S., Mansour, M.M. (2011). Biochar- A promising soil additive- A review. Agricultural Reviews. 32: 134-139.
  6. Coumaravel, K., Santhi, R., Maragatham, S. (2015). Effect of biochar on yield and nutrient uptake by hybrid maize and on soil fertility. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(2): 185-188. DOI: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00028.1.
  7. Dong, D., Feng, Q., McGrouther, K., Yang, M., Wang, H., Weixiang, W. (2015). Effects of biochar amendment on rice growth and nitrogen retention in a waterlogged paddy field. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 15: 153-162. 
  8. Emrich, W. (1985). Handbook of charcoal making- The traditional and industrial methods. Commission of the European Communities Directorate, Luxembourg.
  9. Fageria, N.K. (2014). Nitrogen Management in Crop Production. CRC Press, New York.
  10. Gross, J. (1991). Pigmentin vegetable, chlorophyll and caretinoids. Van Nonstrand Reinhold, New York.
  11. He, Y., Yao, Y., Ji, Y., Deng, J., Zhou, G., Liu, R., Shao, J., Zhou, L., Li, N., Zhou, X., Bai, S.H. (2020). Biochar amendment boosts photosynthesis and biomass in C3 but not C4 plants- A global synthesis. GCB-Bioenergy. 12(8): 605-617. 
  12. Koocheki, A., Mahallati, M.N., Moradi, R., Mansoori, H. (2014). Optimizing water, nitrogen and crop density in canola cultivation using response surface methodology and central composite design. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 60: 286-298. 
  13. Krywult, M., Bielec, D. (2013). Method of measurement of nitrate reductase activity in field conditions. Journal Ecological Engineering. 14:7-11. 
  14. Lai, L., Ismail, M.R., Muharam, F.M., Yusof, M.M., Ismail, R., Jaafar, N.M. (2017). Effects of rice straw biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on rice growth and yield. Asian Journal of Crop Science. 9: 159-166. 
  15. Li-Cor. (1999). Using the Li-6400- Portable photosynthesis system. LI-Cor Inc., Lincoln, Nebraska.
  16. Liu, X., Zhang, A., Ji, C., Joseph, S., Bian, R., Li, L., Pan, G., Paz-Ferreiro, J. (2013) Biochar’s effect on crop productivity and the dependence on experimental conditions- A meta-analysis of literature data. Plant Soil. 373: 583-594. 
  17. Marquardt, D.W., Snee, R.D. (1975). Ridge Regression in Practice. The American Statistician. 29: 3-20.
  18. Myers, R.H., Montgomery, D.C., Cook, C.M.A. (2009). Response surface methodology- Process and product optimization using designed experiments. John Wiley and Sons, New Jersy.
  19. Nascente, A.S., Lanna, A.C. (2016). Straw and early nitrogen fertilization affect soil properties and upland rice yield. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical. 46(3): 284-291.
  20. Nurmalasari, A.I., Supriyono, Suryanto, P., Alam, T. (2020). Effectiveness of M. cajuputi biochar as a leaching loss for nitrogen fertilizer and intercropping in maize. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 54(4): 506-510. DOI: 10.18805/IJARe.A-579.
  21. Pan, S., Huang, S., Zhai, J., Wang, J., Cao, C., Cai, M., Zhan, M., Tang, X. (2012). Effects of N management on yield and N uptake of rice in Central China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 11(12): 1993-2000. 
  22. Rathke, G.W., Behrens, T., Diepenbrock, W. (2006). Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yield, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)- A review. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 117: 80-108.
  23. SAS Institute. (2013). SAS system for windows 9.4. SAS Institute Inc., North Carolina.
  24. Statistics Indonesia. (2020). The harvested area and rice production in Indonesia 2019. Statistics Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2020/02/04/1752/luas-panen-dan-produksi-padi-pada-tahun-2019-mengalami-penurunan-dibandingkan-tahun-2018-masing-masing-sebesar-6-15-dan-7-76-persen.html.
  25. Sun, Y.J., Ma, J., Sun, Y.Y., Xu, H., Yan, F.J., Dai, Z. (2014). Effects of water and nitrogen management patterns on population quality and yield of hybrid rice Gangyou 527. Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 47(10): 2047-2061. 
  26. Suryanto, P., Taryono, Supriyanta, Kastono, D., Putra, E.T.S., Widyawan, M.H., Alam, T. (2020a). Assessment of soil quality parameters and yield of rice cultivars in Melaleuca cajuputi agroforestry system. Biodiversitas. 21(8): 3463-3470.
  27. Suryanto, P., Faridah, E., Nurjanto, H.H., Supriyanta, Kastono, D., Putra, E.T.S., Handayani, S., Dewi, A.K., Alam, T. (2020b). Influence of siam weed compost on soybean varieties in an agroforestry system with kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi). Biodiversitas. 21(77): 3062-3069. 
  28. Suryanto, P., Kurniasih, B., Faridah, E, Nurjanto, H.H., Rogomulyo, R., Handayani, S., Kastono, D., Muttaqien, A.S, Alam T. (2020c). Influence of furrow with organic material and Chromolaena odorata compost on upland rice productivity in an agroforestry system with Melaleuca cajuputi. Biodiversitas. 21(2): 780-791. 
  29. Suryanto, P., Tohari, Putra, E.T.S, Alam, T. (2017). Minimum soil quality determinant for rice and ‘kayu putih’ yield under hilly areas. Journal of Agronomy. 16(3): 115-123. 
  30. Zhang, X., Huang, G., Bian, X., Zhao, Q. (2013). Effects of root interaction and nitrogen fertilization on the chlorophyll content root activity, photosynthetic characteristics of intercropped soybean and microbial quantity in the rhizosphere. Plant Soil and Environment. 59: 80-88.
  31. Zhao, H., Li, X., Jiang, Y. (2019). Response of nitrogen losses to excessive nitrogen fertilizer application in intensive greenhouse vegetable production. Sustainability. 11: 1-15. 
  32. Zheng, H., Wang, Z.Y., Deng, X., Zhao, J., Luo, Y., Novak, J., Herbert, H., Xing, B.S. (2013). Characteristics and nutrient values of biochars produced from giant reed at different temperatures. Bioresource Technology. 130(2): 463-471.

Editorial Board

View all (0)