Indian Journal of Agricultural Research

  • Chief EditorV. Geethalakshmi

  • Print ISSN 0367-8245

  • Online ISSN 0976-058X

  • NAAS Rating 5.60

  • SJR 0.293

Frequency :
Bi-monthly (February, April, June, August, October and December)
Indexing Services :
BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Elsevier (Scopus and Embase), AGRICOLA, Google Scholar, CrossRef, CAB Abstracting Journals, Chemical Abstracts, Indian Science Abstracts, EBSCO Indexing Services, Index Copernicus
Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 49 issue 5 (october 2015) : 383-391

Efficacy testing of in vitro diazotrophic activity of Acinetobacter on the field growth of soybean

S.D. Bhawsar, S.D. Patil
1Department of Microbiology, University of Pune, Pune-411 007, India
Cite article:- Bhawsar S.D., Patil S.D. (2024). Efficacy testing of in vitro diazotrophic activity of Acinetobacter on the field growth of soybean. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(5): 383-391. doi: 10.18805/ijare.v49i5.5799 .
Nitrogenase enzyme activity as a measure of nitrogen fixation by Acinetobacter genospecies3 A15 was found to be 49.56 µmoles ethylene/96h at 280C. Efficacy testing of diazotrophic A15 inoculum for growth promotion at field I showed early germination, podding and flowering, increased post harvest parameters, freedom from weeds and diseases but complete absence of nitrogen fixing root nodules. The control plants were infected with mildew, stem rot and blights causing 36% mortality. The average yield of inoculated soybean was 12% over control. At field II, inoculated plants were poorly nodulated without indication of promotion of growth parameters or yield unlike control.
  1. Bashan, Y., Harrison, S.K. and Whitmoyer, R.E. (1990). Enhanced growth of wheat and soybean plants inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense is not necessarily due to general enhancement of mineral uptake. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56: 769-775.
  2. Bashan, Y. and Bashan, L. E. (2005). Plant growth promoting. In: Encyclopedia of soils in the environment by Hillel, D. (ed), Elsevier, Oxford, U.K. 1: 103-115.
  3. Bhawsar, B. D., Patil S.D. and Chopade, B. A. (2011). Antimicrobial activity of purified emulsifier of Acinetobacter genospecies isolated from rhizosphere of wheat. Agri. Sci. Digest. 31: 239-246.
  4. Bhawsar, B. D., Patil S.D. and Chopade, B. A. (2011). Acinetobacter genospecies dissolve inorganic phosphates by organic acids. Agri. Sci. Digest. 31: 308-331.
  5. Bhattacharya, O. and Jain, K.K. (2000). Phosphorus solubilising biofertilizers in the whirlpool of rock phosphate challenges and opportunities. Fert. News. 459: 45-49.
  6. Boemare, N. E. and Akhurst, R. J. (1988). Biochemical and physiological characterization of colony form variants in Xenorhabdus spp. (Enterobacteriaceae). J. Gen. Microbiol. 134: 751-761.
  7. Bohner, H. (2009). First time soybean fields may not nodulate properly. In: Seedling and Planting, Nutrient Management, Soil Health. www.no-tillfarmer.com.
  8. Bouvet, P.J.M. and Grimont, P.A.D. (1987). Identification and biotyping of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter. Ann. Inst. Pasteur/Microbiol. 138: 569-578.
  9. Buckmire, F.L. (1984). Influence of nutrient media on characterization of exopolysaccharide produced by three mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Microbios. 41: 49-63.
  10. Capone, D. G. and Carpenter, E.J. (1982). Perfusion method for assaying microbial activities in sediments: applicability to studies of N2 fixation by C2H2 reduction. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 43: 1400-1405.
  11. Cattelan, A.J., Hartel, P.G. and Fuhrmann, J.J. (1999). Screening of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria to promote early soybean growth. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 63: 1670-1680.
  12. Chauhan, D.R., Paroda, S., Katria, O.P. and Singh, K.P. (1995). Response of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) to biofertilizers and nitrogen. Ind. J. Agro. 40: 86-90.
  13. Das, I. and Singh, A.P. (2014). Effect of PGPR and organic manures on soil properties of organically cultivated mungbean. The Bioscan. 9: 27-29.
  14. Dileep Kumar, B.S., Berggsen, I. and Martensson, A. M. (2001). Potential for improving pea production by co-inoculation with fluorescent Pseudomonas and Rhizobium. Pl. and Soil. 229: 25-34.
  15. Farina, R., Beneduzi, A., Ambrosini, A., Campos, S.B., Lisboa, B. B., Wendisch, V., Vargas, L.K. and Passaglia, L.M.P. (2012). Diversity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria communities associated with the stages of canola growth. Appl. Soil Ecol. 55: 44-52.
  16. Fuentes, R., Salgado, L. E., Ocampo, T. A. and Mellado, C. J. (1993). Acetobacter diazotrophicus, an indole acetic acid producing bacterium isolated from sugar cane cultivars of Mexico. Plant and Soil. 154: 145-150.
  17. Goel, A.K., Laura, R.D., Pathak, D.V., Anuradha, G. and Goel, A. (1999). Use of biofertilizers: potential, constraints and future strategies review. Int. J. Trop. Agri. 17: 1-18.
  18. Gordon, S.A. and R.P.Weber. (1951). Colorimetric estimation of indole acetic acid. Pl. Physiol. 26: 192-195.
  19. Govindan, K. and Thirumurugan, V. (2003). Effect of Rhizobium and PSM’s in soybean: A review. J.Maharashtra Agric.Univ. 28: 54-65.
  20. Gulati, A., Sharma, N., Vyas, P., Sood, S., Rahi, P., Pathania, V. and Prasad, R. (2010). Organic acid production and plant growth promotion as a function of phosphate solubilization by Acinetobacter rhizosphaerae strain BIHB 723 isolated from the cold deserts of the Trans Himalayas. Arch.Microbiol.192: 975-983.
  21. Hardy, R.W.F., Holsten, R. D., Jackson, E.K. and Burns, R.C. (1968). The acetylene-ethylene assay for N2 fixation: laboratory and field evaluation. Pl. Physiol. 43: 1158-1207.
  22. Hebber, K. P. and Lumsden, R.D. (1999). Biological control of seedling disease. In: Biopesticides: Use and Delivery by Hall, F.R. and Menn, J.J. (eds), Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey. pp. 103-116.
  23. Hegde, D.M., Dwivedi, B. S. and Babu, N. S. (1999). Biofertilizers for cereal production in India: A review. J.Agric.Sci. 69: 73-83.
  24. Hilali, A., Prevost, D., Broughton, W.J. and Antoun, H. (2001). Effects of inoculation with strains of Rhizobium leguminosarun biovar trifolli on the growth of wheat in two different Morrocan soils. Can. J. Microbiol. 47: 590-593.
  25. Huddedar, S.B., Shete, A.M., Tilekar, J.N., Gore, S.D., Dhavale, D.D. and Chopade, B.A. (2002). Isolation, characterization and plasmid pUPI126-mediated indole-3-acetic acid production in Acinetobacter strains from rhizosphere of wheat. Appl.Biochem. Biotechnol. 102-103: 21-39.
  26. Indiragandhi, P., Anandham, R. M., Madhaiyan, M.and Sa, T.M. (2008). Characterization of plant growth-promoting traits of bacteria isolated from larval guts of Diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Curr.Microbiol. 56: 327-333.
  27. Juni, E. (1972). Interspecies transformation of Acinetobacter: genetic evidence for a ubiquitous genus. J. Bacteriol. 112: 917-931.
  28. Kang, S.M., Joo, G.J., Hamayun, M., Na, C.I., Shin, D.H., Kim, Y.K., Hong, J.K. and Lee, I.J. (2009). Gibberellin production and phosphate solubilization by newly isolated strain of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and its effect on plant growth. Biotechnol. Lett. 31: 277-281.
  29. Liba, C.M., Ferrara, F.I.S., Manfio, G.P., Fantinatti-Garboggini, F., Albuquerque, R.C., Pavan, C., Ramos, P.L., Moreira- Filho, C.A. and Barbosa, H.R. (2006). Nitrogen-fixing chemo-organotrophic bacteria isolated from cyanobacteria- deprived lichens and their ability to solubilize phosphate and to release amino acids and phytohormones.
  30. J. Appl. Microbiol. 101: 1076-1086.
  31. Malik, R.D., Gaur, A. C. and Kavimandan, S.K. (1995). Growth promoting bacteria associated with sunflower. Indian J.Exp.Biol. 33: 311-312.
  32. Mapfumo, P., Campbell, B. M., Mpepereki, S. and Mafongoya, P. (2001). Legumes in soil fertility management: The case of pigeonpea in small holder farming systems of Zimbabwe. Afri. Crop Sci. J. 9: 629-644.
  33. Mishra, R.K., Prakash, O., Alam, O. and Dikshit, A. (2010). Influence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the productivity of Pelargonium graveolens, L. Recent Res. Sci. Technol. 2: 53-57.
  34. Mishra, N. and Sundari, S.K. (2013). Native PGPMs as bioinoculants to promote plant growth: response to PGPM inoculation in principal grain and pulse crops. Int. J. Agri. Food Sci. Technol. 4: 1055-1064.
  35. Munishamanna, K.B. and Hegde, S.V. (1994). Response of legumes to Rhizobium inoculation in relation to native rhizobial numbers. Mysore J. Agri. Sci. 28: 146-150.
  36. Naserirad, H., Soleymanifard, A. and Naseri, R. (2011). Effect of integrated application of bio-fertilizer on grain yield, yield components and associated traits of maize cultivars. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 10: 271-277.
  37. O’Connell, P.F. (1992). Sustainable agriculture-a valid alternative. Outlook Agri. 21: 5-12.
  38. Orhan, E., Esitken, A., Ercisli, S., Turan, M. and Sahin, F. (2006). Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, growth and nutrient contents in organically grown raspberry. Scient. Hort. 111: 38-48.
  39. Ownley, B. H., Seth, D., Hamilton, C. and Dee, M. (1999). Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on biomass, flowering and yield of field tomatoes. Bioengr.ag.utk.edu.
  40. Pandey, A., Sharma, E. and Palni, L.M.S. (1998). Influence of bacterial inoculation on maize in upland farming systems of the Sikkim Himalaya. Soil.Biol. Biochem. 30: 379-384.
  41. Pandey, A., Durgapal, A., Joshi, M. and Palni, L.M.S. (1999). Influence of Pseudomonas corrugata inoculation on root colonization and growth promotion of two important hill crops. Microbiol. Res. 154: 259-266.
  42. Panse, V.G. and Sukhatme, P.V. (1954). Tests of significance of means and their differences. In: Statistical Methods for Agricultural Workers (Chapter IV). Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Publications, New Delhi. Pp. 51-53.
  43. Porpavai, S., Devasenapathy, P., Siddeswaran, K. and Jayaraj, J. (2011). Impact of various rice based cropping systems on soil fertility. J. Cereals and Oil Seeds. 2: 43-46.
  44. Prashant, S., Makarand, R., Bhushan, C. and Sudhir, C. (2009). Siderophoregenic Acinetobacter calcoaceticus isolated from wheat rhizosphere with strong PGPR activity. Malay.J. Microbiol., 5: 6-12.
  45. Prikry, Z., Vancura, V. and Wurst, M. (1985). Auxin formation by rhizosphere bacteria as a factor of root growth. Biologia. Plantarum. 27: 159-163.
  46. Remans, S., Blair, M.W., Manrique, G., Tovar, L.E., Rao, I.M., Croomenborghs, A., Torres, G.R., El-Howeity, M., Michiels, J. and Vanderleyden, J. (2008). Physiological and genetic analysis of root responsiveness to auxin-producing plant growth-promoting bacteria in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Pl. Soil. 302: 149-161.
  47. Renwick A., Campbell, R. and Coe, S. (1991). Assessment of in vivo screening systems for potential biocontrol agents of Gaeumannomyces graminis. Plant Pathol. 40: 524-532.
  48. Rokhzadi, A., Asgharzadeh, A., Darvish, F., Nour-Mohammadi, G. and Majidi, E. (2008). Influence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on dry matter accumulation and yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under field conditions. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 3: 253-257.
  49. Sadasivam, S. and Manickam, A. (2004). Nitrogenase. In: Biochemical methods. New Age International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi (2nd Ed.). Pp. 215-218.
  50. Seefeldt, S. (2012). Procedure for the wet paper towel germination test. www.uaf.edu/ces.
  51. Singh, R.P., Gupta, S.C. and Yadav, A.S. (2008). Effect of levels and sources of phosphorus and PSB on growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper). Legume Res. 31: 139-141.
  52. Subba Rao, N.S. (1986). The Rhizosphere: Soil Microorganisms and Plant Growth. Oxford and IBH Publication Co.Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi (2nd Ed.). Pp.46-74.
  53. Suslow, T. V., Kloepper, J. W., Schroth, M.N. and Burr, T. J. (1979). Beneficial bacteria enhance plant growth. Calif. Agri.33: 15-17.
  54. Wong, Tit-Yee., Graham, L., O’Hara, E. and Maier, R. J. (1986). Enrichment for hydrogen-oxidizing Acinetobacter spp. in the rhizosphere of hydrogen-evolving soybean root nodules. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. 52: 1008–1013.
  55. Zaidi, A., Khan, M.S., Ahemad, M. and Oves, M. (2009). Plant growth promotion by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Acta. Microbiol. Immunol. Hungarica. 56: 263-284.
  56. www.clemson.edu/soybeans/growth; Soybean vegetative and generative growth stages.
  57. www.soybeanstation.org. Soybean growth stages. In: Soybean Growth and Development, Iowa State University Extension Publication; Soybean extension and research program; PM 1945.

Editorial Board

View all (0)