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volume 49 issue 1 (february 2015) : 24-31,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00003.7

Lethal dose fixation and sensitivity of rice varieties to gamma radiation

S
S. Ramchander*
R
R.Ushakumari
M
M. Arumugam Pillai1
1Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, (TNAU) Madurai-625 001, India
Cite article:- Ramchander* S., R.Ushakumari, Pillai1 Arumugam M. (2025). Lethal dose fixation and sensitivity of rice varieties to gamma radiation . Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(1): 24-31. doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00003.7.

ABSTRACT

The present study investigated the effects of gamma rays on crop phenotypes on two quality rice varieties viz., White Ponni and BPT 5204. The germination percentage and pollen fertility was found to be greatly affected by mutagenic treatments of gamma radiation in both the varieties which ultimately exhibited linear reduction with increase in dose or concentration of mutagens. The doses or concentrations can be determined by establishing the LD50 value for the mutagen to be used. The expected LD50 values of gamma radiation for White Ponni and BPT 5204 were 354.80 Gy and 288.40 Gy, respectively. Several plant traits like days to fifty per cent flowering, plant height, panicle length, leaf length, leaf breadth, number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, thousand grain weight and single plant yield was found to be greatly reduced due to mutagenic treatments. Based on the overall consideration of M1 effects, the variety White Ponni was found to be highly sensitive to mutagens than BPT 5204.

REFERENCES

  1. Abdel-Hady, M.S., Okasha., E.M. Soliman., S.S.A. Talaat, M. (2008). Effect of gamma radiation and gibberellic acid on germination and alkaloid production in Atropa belladonna L. Aus. J Basic Appl. Sci., 2(3): 401-405.
  2. Akbar, A and Manzoor B. (2003). Radio sensitivity studies in basmati rice. Pak. J Bot., 35(2): 197-207.
  3. Babaei, A., Nematzadeh. G.A., Avagyan. V., Hamidreza S. and Petrodi H. (2010). Radio sensitivity studies of morpho-physiological characteristics in some Iranian rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in M1 generation. Afr. J Agri. Res., 5(16): 2124-2130.
  4. Bedinger, P. (1992). The Remarkable Biology of Pollen. Plant Cell. 4: 879-887.
  5. Chakravarti, S.K.R., Singh. S., Kumar. H., Lal J.P. and Vishwakarma M.K. (2013). Study of induced polygenic variability in M1 and chlorophyll mutations in M2 generations in aromatic rice. The Bioscan. 8(1): 49-53.
  6. Chaudhuri, S. K. (2002). A simple and reliable method to detect gamma irradiated lentil (Lens culinaris medik.) seeds by germination efficiency and seedling growth test. Rad. Phy. Chem., 64(2): 131-136.
  7. El-Degwy, I.S. (2013). Mutation induced genetic variability in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J Agri. Crop Sci., 5 (23): 2789-2794.Finney, D.J. (1971). Probit Analysis. Cambridge University Press.
  8. Finney, D.J. (1978). Statistical Method in Biological Assay. Charles Griffin & Co.
  9. Gaul, H. (1970). Mutagen effects observable in the first generation. In: Manual on mutation breeding, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 119: 85-89.
  10. Gomaa, M.E., El-Hissewy. A.A., Kattab A.B. and Abd-Allah A.A. (1995). Days to heading and plant height of rice (Oryza sativa L) affected by gamma-rays. J Agri. Res., 20(2): 409-421.
  11. Guenet, J L. (2004). Chemical mutagenesis of the mouse genome: an overview. Mut. mouse Genome.122: 9-24.
  12. Henikoff, S and Comai L. (2003). Single-nucleotide mutations for plant functional genomics. Ann. Rev. Pl. Biol., 54(1): 375-401.
  13. Khan, M. H. and Tyagi S.D. (2010). Induced morphological mutants in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Frontiers of Agriculture in China. 4(2): 175–180.
  14. Khin, T. (2006). Rice mutation breeding for varietals improvement in Myanmar. Plant Mut. Rep., 1(1): 34-36.
  15. Kumar, P.D., Chaturvedi. A., Sreedhar. M., Aparna. M., Venu-Babu P. and Singhal R.K. (2013). Impact of Gamma Radiation Stress on Plant Height and Pollen Fertility in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Asian J Exp. Biol. Sci., 4(1): 129-133.
  16. Labrada, P., Wert. M.M., Cepro A.G. (2001). Radio-sensitivity of rice variety Perla Centro. Agricola, 28(2):5-8.
  17. Matsuo, T. and Onozawa Y. (1961). Mutations induced in rice by ionizing radiations and chemicals. In: Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Seeds, IAEA,Vienna. Pp. 495-501.
  18. Miyahara, K.(1997). Mutation induction in rice by soft X-ray irradiation. Tech. News Inst. Rad. Breed., 58: 2.
  19. Rieger, R., Michaelies A. and Green M.M. (1976). Glossary of Genetics and Cytogenetics. Springer-verlag, New York, pp.75.
  20. Savakan and Atila A.S. (1991). The effects of gamma irradiation on Gossypium hirsutum L. pollen. Tur. J Nucl. Sci., 18(2): 39-45.
  21. Savakan and Toker M.C. (1991). The effect of various doses of gamma irradiation on the seed germination and root tips chromosomes of rye (Secale cereale L.). Tur. J Bot., 15: 349-359.
  22. Siddiq, E.A. and Swaminathan M.S. (1968). Induced mutations in relation to the breeding and phytogenetic differentiation of Oryza sativa. In: Rice Breeding with Induced Mutations, IAEA, Vienna. pp. 25-51.
  23. Singh, B.D. (1994). Mutations in crop improvement. In: Plant Breeding Kalyani Publ., Ludhiana. pp. 424-450.
  24. Tabasum, A., Cheema. A.A., Hameed. A., Rashid M. and Ashraf M. (2011). Radio sensitivity of rice genotypes to gamma radiations based on seedling traits and physiological indices. Pak. J Bot., 43(2): 1211-1222.
  25. Talebi, A.B., Talebi A.B. and Jafarpour M. (2012). Identify the Lethal Dose of EMS and Gamma Radiation Mutagenesis in rice MR219. IPCBEE, 48: 22 – 26.
  26. Tyagi, A.K., Khurana. J.P., Khurana. P., Raghuvanshi. S., Gaur. A., Kapur. A., Gupta. V., Kumar. D., Ravi. V., Vij. S., Khurana P. and Sharma S. (2004). Structural and functional analysis of rice genome. J Genet., 83: 79-99.
  27. Vasline, A.Y. (2013). An investigation on induced mutations in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Pl. Arch., 13 (1): 555-557.
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    volume 49 issue 1 (february 2015) : 24-31,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00003.7

    Lethal dose fixation and sensitivity of rice varieties to gamma radiation

    S
    S. Ramchander*
    R
    R.Ushakumari
    M
    M. Arumugam Pillai1
    1Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, (TNAU) Madurai-625 001, India
    Cite article:- Ramchander* S., R.Ushakumari, Pillai1 Arumugam M. (2025). Lethal dose fixation and sensitivity of rice varieties to gamma radiation . Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(1): 24-31. doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00003.7.

    ABSTRACT

    The present study investigated the effects of gamma rays on crop phenotypes on two quality rice varieties viz., White Ponni and BPT 5204. The germination percentage and pollen fertility was found to be greatly affected by mutagenic treatments of gamma radiation in both the varieties which ultimately exhibited linear reduction with increase in dose or concentration of mutagens. The doses or concentrations can be determined by establishing the LD50 value for the mutagen to be used. The expected LD50 values of gamma radiation for White Ponni and BPT 5204 were 354.80 Gy and 288.40 Gy, respectively. Several plant traits like days to fifty per cent flowering, plant height, panicle length, leaf length, leaf breadth, number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, thousand grain weight and single plant yield was found to be greatly reduced due to mutagenic treatments. Based on the overall consideration of M1 effects, the variety White Ponni was found to be highly sensitive to mutagens than BPT 5204.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abdel-Hady, M.S., Okasha., E.M. Soliman., S.S.A. Talaat, M. (2008). Effect of gamma radiation and gibberellic acid on germination and alkaloid production in Atropa belladonna L. Aus. J Basic Appl. Sci., 2(3): 401-405.
    2. Akbar, A and Manzoor B. (2003). Radio sensitivity studies in basmati rice. Pak. J Bot., 35(2): 197-207.
    3. Babaei, A., Nematzadeh. G.A., Avagyan. V., Hamidreza S. and Petrodi H. (2010). Radio sensitivity studies of morpho-physiological characteristics in some Iranian rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in M1 generation. Afr. J Agri. Res., 5(16): 2124-2130.
    4. Bedinger, P. (1992). The Remarkable Biology of Pollen. Plant Cell. 4: 879-887.
    5. Chakravarti, S.K.R., Singh. S., Kumar. H., Lal J.P. and Vishwakarma M.K. (2013). Study of induced polygenic variability in M1 and chlorophyll mutations in M2 generations in aromatic rice. The Bioscan. 8(1): 49-53.
    6. Chaudhuri, S. K. (2002). A simple and reliable method to detect gamma irradiated lentil (Lens culinaris medik.) seeds by germination efficiency and seedling growth test. Rad. Phy. Chem., 64(2): 131-136.
    7. El-Degwy, I.S. (2013). Mutation induced genetic variability in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Int. J Agri. Crop Sci., 5 (23): 2789-2794.Finney, D.J. (1971). Probit Analysis. Cambridge University Press.
    8. Finney, D.J. (1978). Statistical Method in Biological Assay. Charles Griffin & Co.
    9. Gaul, H. (1970). Mutagen effects observable in the first generation. In: Manual on mutation breeding, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 119: 85-89.
    10. Gomaa, M.E., El-Hissewy. A.A., Kattab A.B. and Abd-Allah A.A. (1995). Days to heading and plant height of rice (Oryza sativa L) affected by gamma-rays. J Agri. Res., 20(2): 409-421.
    11. Guenet, J L. (2004). Chemical mutagenesis of the mouse genome: an overview. Mut. mouse Genome.122: 9-24.
    12. Henikoff, S and Comai L. (2003). Single-nucleotide mutations for plant functional genomics. Ann. Rev. Pl. Biol., 54(1): 375-401.
    13. Khan, M. H. and Tyagi S.D. (2010). Induced morphological mutants in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Frontiers of Agriculture in China. 4(2): 175–180.
    14. Khin, T. (2006). Rice mutation breeding for varietals improvement in Myanmar. Plant Mut. Rep., 1(1): 34-36.
    15. Kumar, P.D., Chaturvedi. A., Sreedhar. M., Aparna. M., Venu-Babu P. and Singhal R.K. (2013). Impact of Gamma Radiation Stress on Plant Height and Pollen Fertility in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Asian J Exp. Biol. Sci., 4(1): 129-133.
    16. Labrada, P., Wert. M.M., Cepro A.G. (2001). Radio-sensitivity of rice variety Perla Centro. Agricola, 28(2):5-8.
    17. Matsuo, T. and Onozawa Y. (1961). Mutations induced in rice by ionizing radiations and chemicals. In: Effects of Ionizing Radiations on Seeds, IAEA,Vienna. Pp. 495-501.
    18. Miyahara, K.(1997). Mutation induction in rice by soft X-ray irradiation. Tech. News Inst. Rad. Breed., 58: 2.
    19. Rieger, R., Michaelies A. and Green M.M. (1976). Glossary of Genetics and Cytogenetics. Springer-verlag, New York, pp.75.
    20. Savakan and Atila A.S. (1991). The effects of gamma irradiation on Gossypium hirsutum L. pollen. Tur. J Nucl. Sci., 18(2): 39-45.
    21. Savakan and Toker M.C. (1991). The effect of various doses of gamma irradiation on the seed germination and root tips chromosomes of rye (Secale cereale L.). Tur. J Bot., 15: 349-359.
    22. Siddiq, E.A. and Swaminathan M.S. (1968). Induced mutations in relation to the breeding and phytogenetic differentiation of Oryza sativa. In: Rice Breeding with Induced Mutations, IAEA, Vienna. pp. 25-51.
    23. Singh, B.D. (1994). Mutations in crop improvement. In: Plant Breeding Kalyani Publ., Ludhiana. pp. 424-450.
    24. Tabasum, A., Cheema. A.A., Hameed. A., Rashid M. and Ashraf M. (2011). Radio sensitivity of rice genotypes to gamma radiations based on seedling traits and physiological indices. Pak. J Bot., 43(2): 1211-1222.
    25. Talebi, A.B., Talebi A.B. and Jafarpour M. (2012). Identify the Lethal Dose of EMS and Gamma Radiation Mutagenesis in rice MR219. IPCBEE, 48: 22 – 26.
    26. Tyagi, A.K., Khurana. J.P., Khurana. P., Raghuvanshi. S., Gaur. A., Kapur. A., Gupta. V., Kumar. D., Ravi. V., Vij. S., Khurana P. and Sharma S. (2004). Structural and functional analysis of rice genome. J Genet., 83: 79-99.
    27. Vasline, A.Y. (2013). An investigation on induced mutations in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Pl. Arch., 13 (1): 555-557.
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