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volume 49 issue 1 (february 2015) : 83-87,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00012.8

Effect of levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on performance of rice

K
K.M. Dakshina Murthy*
A
A. Upendra Rao
D
D. Vijay
T
T.V. Sridhar
1Regional Agricuture Research Station, Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute, Maruteru-534 122, India
Cite article:- Murthy* Dakshina K.M., Rao Upendra A., Vijay D., Sridhar T.V. (2025). Effect of levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on performance of rice . Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(1): 83-87. doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00012.8.

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted on rice (Oryza sativa L.) for three consecutive rabi seasons of 2007, 2008 and 2009 on Godavari alluvials (Vertic chromusters) at Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute, Maruteru, with an objective to revise the existing fertilizer doses of major nutrients for rabi rice in Krishna Godavari delta regions of Andhra Pradesh. Grain yield was increased by 11.5% and 6.3% due to increase in recommended dose of N from 100% (120 kg ha-1) to 125% and 150%. Increase in P & K doses from 100 to 125% (P from 60 to 75 and K from 40 to 50 kg ha-1) also improved grain yield significantly. Agronomic efficiency of N P and K was progressively increased with incremental doses of respective nutrients. Energy use efficiency of K is remarkably high particularly with first increment (4.87) followed by P and N. Highest gross returns, net returns and rupee per rupee invested were recorded with application of NPK @ 210-60-40 kg ha-1. Incremental doses of N, P and K over the recommended dose recorded significant improvement in uptake of respective nutrients. Grain quality, milling characters were significantly influenced by incremental doses of N P & K. While considering the economics, nutrient depletion and quality parameters, application of N @ 180-90-60 kg ha-1 appears to be the most optimum dose for rabi rice in deltaic alluvial soils of Andhra Pradesh.

REFERENCES

  1. Adhikari, N.P., Mishra, B.N. and Mishra, P.K. (2005).Effect of integrated nitrogen management on quality of aromatic rice. Annals of Agricultural Research New Series ., 26 (2) :231-234.
  2. Balasubramanian, P. and Palaniappan, S .P.(1991). Effect of high density and fertilizer rate on growth and yield of lowland rice. Indian J. Agron., 36 (1): 10-13.
  3. Blaise, D and Prasad, R.(1996). Relative efficiency of modified urea fertilizers in wetland rice (Oryza sativa). Indian J.Agron., 41(4): 373-378.
  4. Ghosh, A. K.(1971). Influence of nitrogen on physico-chemical characteristics of rice grain. Oryza 8 (1): 81-98.
  5. Grimme,H.(1976). Soil factors of potassium availability. Indian Society of Soil Science, Bulletin 10 :1-22.
  6. Kumar,V.K.(1986) .Agro meteorological parameters and hydro-nutritional management practices in rice cultivation.Ph.D thesis TNAU,Coimbatore.
  7. Ladha JK,Pathak H,Krupnik JJ,Six JKessel CV (2005). Efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in cereal production .Retrospect and prospect.In: Advances in Agronomy 87:185-256.
  8. Mangala Rai. (2006). Rice culture in agriculture: An Indian perspective. Proceedings of International Rice Congress.pp 7-8.
  9. Panesar, B.S. and Bhatnagar , A.P .(1994). Energy norms for inputs and outputs of agricultural sector. In: Energy management and conservation in Agricultural production and food processing pp .5-16.(Ed. Verma SR, Mittal JP and Singh S.)USG Publishers and Distributors Ludhiana.
  10. Parida,R.C, Sahoo,D and Mitra,G.N.(1994).Effect of longterm fertilization on nutritional quality of rice. Mysore J.Agric. Sci.. 28 (1):35-38.
  11. Raju, R .A. and Reddy, M .N.(1997). Effect of urea amended with neem triterpenes jelly, nitrogen rates and time of application on winter rice. Indian J. Agron., 42 (2): 278-281.
  12. Raju,R.A., Reddy,K.A. and Reddy, M .N.(1999). Potassium fertilization in rice on vertisols of Godavari flood plains. Indian J. Agron., 44 (1): 99-101.
  13. Rao ,Ch. N. and Murthy, K.S. (1987).Seasonal Influence on growth and yield of rice varieties. Oryza 24 (1) : 59-68.
  14. Rao ,K .V. Surekha ,K., Kundu, D. K. and Prasad,A. S.R.(2004). Nutrient management to sustain productivity targets of irrigated rice. International symposium on rice. Hyderabad.pp 416-417.
  15. Rayar, A. J.(1990). Effect of neem seed crushed blended urea on drymatter yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice. Madras Agric.J. 77(1) :44-47.
  16. Sharma ,M .P., Bal ,P .and Gupta, J. P.(2003).Long term effects of chemical; fertilizers on rice-wheat productivity. Annals of Agricultural Research 24(1):91-94.
  17. Singh ,P. K .and Bharadwaj, V.( 2008). Effect of different nutrient levels on yield and yield attributes of hybrid and inbred rice varieties. Oryza 44(2): 137-139.
  18. Singh, R .K .and Namdeo ,K .M.(2004). Effect of fertility levels and herbicides on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of direct seeded rice. Indian J. Agron., 49 (1):34-36.
  19. Singh, H .P., Sharma, K. L., Ramesh, V. and Mandal, U.K.(2001).Nutrient mining in different agro climatic zones of Andhra Pradesh. Fertilizer News 46(8) :29-42.
  20. Singh, P.K., Bhardwaj ,V. and Sharma, S.K.(2005)Nutrient requirement for optimum yield of hybrid rice in mollisols. Annals of Agric. Research New Series 26(4) :561-567
  21. Upadyay,P.N. and Patel,S.R.(1992). Nirogen management in rice. J. Indian Soc of Soil Sci.40 (2) : 383-385.
  22. Uexkull, H.R.V.(1978). Potash and rice production in Asia. Potash Review, Cereal Crops ,41, pp 1-18.
  23. Waheb ,K., Prakash, T.J.(1995). Economics of direct seeded rice as influenced by water and fertilizer application. Madras Agric. J 82(5) :409-410.
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    volume 49 issue 1 (february 2015) : 83-87,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00012.8

    Effect of levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on performance of rice

    K
    K.M. Dakshina Murthy*
    A
    A. Upendra Rao
    D
    D. Vijay
    T
    T.V. Sridhar
    1Regional Agricuture Research Station, Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute, Maruteru-534 122, India
    Cite article:- Murthy* Dakshina K.M., Rao Upendra A., Vijay D., Sridhar T.V. (2025). Effect of levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on performance of rice . Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 49(1): 83-87. doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2015.00012.8.

    ABSTRACT

    A field experiment was conducted on rice (Oryza sativa L.) for three consecutive rabi seasons of 2007, 2008 and 2009 on Godavari alluvials (Vertic chromusters) at Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute, Maruteru, with an objective to revise the existing fertilizer doses of major nutrients for rabi rice in Krishna Godavari delta regions of Andhra Pradesh. Grain yield was increased by 11.5% and 6.3% due to increase in recommended dose of N from 100% (120 kg ha-1) to 125% and 150%. Increase in P & K doses from 100 to 125% (P from 60 to 75 and K from 40 to 50 kg ha-1) also improved grain yield significantly. Agronomic efficiency of N P and K was progressively increased with incremental doses of respective nutrients. Energy use efficiency of K is remarkably high particularly with first increment (4.87) followed by P and N. Highest gross returns, net returns and rupee per rupee invested were recorded with application of NPK @ 210-60-40 kg ha-1. Incremental doses of N, P and K over the recommended dose recorded significant improvement in uptake of respective nutrients. Grain quality, milling characters were significantly influenced by incremental doses of N P & K. While considering the economics, nutrient depletion and quality parameters, application of N @ 180-90-60 kg ha-1 appears to be the most optimum dose for rabi rice in deltaic alluvial soils of Andhra Pradesh.

    REFERENCES

    1. Adhikari, N.P., Mishra, B.N. and Mishra, P.K. (2005).Effect of integrated nitrogen management on quality of aromatic rice. Annals of Agricultural Research New Series ., 26 (2) :231-234.
    2. Balasubramanian, P. and Palaniappan, S .P.(1991). Effect of high density and fertilizer rate on growth and yield of lowland rice. Indian J. Agron., 36 (1): 10-13.
    3. Blaise, D and Prasad, R.(1996). Relative efficiency of modified urea fertilizers in wetland rice (Oryza sativa). Indian J.Agron., 41(4): 373-378.
    4. Ghosh, A. K.(1971). Influence of nitrogen on physico-chemical characteristics of rice grain. Oryza 8 (1): 81-98.
    5. Grimme,H.(1976). Soil factors of potassium availability. Indian Society of Soil Science, Bulletin 10 :1-22.
    6. Kumar,V.K.(1986) .Agro meteorological parameters and hydro-nutritional management practices in rice cultivation.Ph.D thesis TNAU,Coimbatore.
    7. Ladha JK,Pathak H,Krupnik JJ,Six JKessel CV (2005). Efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in cereal production .Retrospect and prospect.In: Advances in Agronomy 87:185-256.
    8. Mangala Rai. (2006). Rice culture in agriculture: An Indian perspective. Proceedings of International Rice Congress.pp 7-8.
    9. Panesar, B.S. and Bhatnagar , A.P .(1994). Energy norms for inputs and outputs of agricultural sector. In: Energy management and conservation in Agricultural production and food processing pp .5-16.(Ed. Verma SR, Mittal JP and Singh S.)USG Publishers and Distributors Ludhiana.
    10. Parida,R.C, Sahoo,D and Mitra,G.N.(1994).Effect of longterm fertilization on nutritional quality of rice. Mysore J.Agric. Sci.. 28 (1):35-38.
    11. Raju, R .A. and Reddy, M .N.(1997). Effect of urea amended with neem triterpenes jelly, nitrogen rates and time of application on winter rice. Indian J. Agron., 42 (2): 278-281.
    12. Raju,R.A., Reddy,K.A. and Reddy, M .N.(1999). Potassium fertilization in rice on vertisols of Godavari flood plains. Indian J. Agron., 44 (1): 99-101.
    13. Rao ,Ch. N. and Murthy, K.S. (1987).Seasonal Influence on growth and yield of rice varieties. Oryza 24 (1) : 59-68.
    14. Rao ,K .V. Surekha ,K., Kundu, D. K. and Prasad,A. S.R.(2004). Nutrient management to sustain productivity targets of irrigated rice. International symposium on rice. Hyderabad.pp 416-417.
    15. Rayar, A. J.(1990). Effect of neem seed crushed blended urea on drymatter yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice. Madras Agric.J. 77(1) :44-47.
    16. Sharma ,M .P., Bal ,P .and Gupta, J. P.(2003).Long term effects of chemical; fertilizers on rice-wheat productivity. Annals of Agricultural Research 24(1):91-94.
    17. Singh ,P. K .and Bharadwaj, V.( 2008). Effect of different nutrient levels on yield and yield attributes of hybrid and inbred rice varieties. Oryza 44(2): 137-139.
    18. Singh, R .K .and Namdeo ,K .M.(2004). Effect of fertility levels and herbicides on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of direct seeded rice. Indian J. Agron., 49 (1):34-36.
    19. Singh, H .P., Sharma, K. L., Ramesh, V. and Mandal, U.K.(2001).Nutrient mining in different agro climatic zones of Andhra Pradesh. Fertilizer News 46(8) :29-42.
    20. Singh, P.K., Bhardwaj ,V. and Sharma, S.K.(2005)Nutrient requirement for optimum yield of hybrid rice in mollisols. Annals of Agric. Research New Series 26(4) :561-567
    21. Upadyay,P.N. and Patel,S.R.(1992). Nirogen management in rice. J. Indian Soc of Soil Sci.40 (2) : 383-385.
    22. Uexkull, H.R.V.(1978). Potash and rice production in Asia. Potash Review, Cereal Crops ,41, pp 1-18.
    23. Waheb ,K., Prakash, T.J.(1995). Economics of direct seeded rice as influenced by water and fertilizer application. Madras Agric. J 82(5) :409-410.
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