Banner
Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First Articles
Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First Articles
Indian Journal of
Agricultural Research
Print ISSN: 0367-8245
Online ISSN: 0976-058X
NASS Rating
5.60
SJR
0.217
CiteScore
0.595

Chief Editor:
V. Geethalakshmi
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, INDIA
Frequency:Monthly
Indexing:
BIOSIS Preview, ISI Citation Index, Biological Abstracts, Elsevier (Scopus and Embase), AGRICOLA, Go...

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 48 issue 4 (august 2014) : 247-257

INDUCED MUTAGENESIS IN COWPEA [VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) WALP] VAR. ARKA GARIMA

Reena Nair*, A.K. Mehta
1J.N. Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Adhartal, Jabalpur-482 004, India
Cite article:- Nair* Reena, Mehta A.K. (2025). INDUCED MUTAGENESIS IN COWPEA [VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) WALP] VAR. ARKA GARIMA. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research. 48(4): 247-257. doi: 10.5958/0976-058X.2014.00658.1.

ABSTRACT

A study was undertaken in a cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] var. Arka Garima to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of physical as well as chemical mutagens and to induce viable mutation in qualitative traits which could be utilized directly or introduced into cowpea improvement programme. Germination percent decreased in general with increase in dose/concentration of mutagens. The inhibitory effect on these characters was more prominent with gamma rays than with EMS. The frequency of chlorophyll mutation increased with the increase in dose/concentration. Wide spectrum of chlorophyll mutations were obtained in the present study which includes albino, xantha, chlorina, viridis and xantha-viridis. The lower and intermediate doses of gamma rays (200 and 300 Gy) and EMS (0.25% and 0.30%) are recommended as most effective and efficient for exploring variability and isolating promising mutants. Significant morphological variability was created which include abnormalities in growth habit, leaf, flower, pod and seed coat. The frequency of morphological abnormalities increased with increase in dose of gamma rays until 300 Gy followed by a decline. However, in chemical mutagen treated population, a linear decline in frequency up to 0.35% was seen followed by increase in higher concentrations.

REFERENCES

  1. Adekola, O.F. and Oluleye, F. (2007). Induction of Genetic variation in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp.] by gamma radiation. Asian J. Pl. Sci., 6 (5):869-873.
  2. Akbar, A.C. and Atta, B.M. (2003). Radio sensitivity studies in basmati rice. Pak. J. Bot., 35 (2): 197-207.
  3. Auti, S.G. and Apparao, B.J. (2009). Induced mutagenesis in Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] In: Q.Y. Shu (ed.) Induced Plant Mutations in the Genetic Era. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. 97-100.
  4. Barshile, J.D. and Apparao, B.J. (2009). Genetic improvement of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using induced mutations. In: Q.Y. Shu (ed.) Induced Plant Mutations in the Genetic Era. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. 91-94.
  5. Bhosle, S and Kothekar,V. (2010). Mutagenic efficiency and effectiveness in cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.]. Journal of Phytology. 2(6): 21–27.
  6. Dhanavel, D., P. Pavadai, L. Mullainathan, D. Mohana, G. Raju, M. Girija and C. Thilagavathi, 2008. Effectiveness and efficiency of chemical mutagens in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Afr. J. Biotech, 7: 4116-4117.
  7. Freese, E. (1963). Molecular Mechanism of Mutations. In: Molecular Genetics, Part I. Taylor, H. (Ed.). Academic Press, New York, London: 207-229.
  8. Girija, M. and Dhanavel, D. (2009). Mutagenic Effectiveness and Efficiency of Gamma Rays Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and Their Combined Treatments in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Global J. of Molecular Sci., 4 (2): 68-75.
  9. Gregory, W.C.(1955) X-ray breeding in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). Agron. J., 47: 396-399.
  10. Gunckel, J.E. and Sparrow. A.H. (1954). Aberrant growth in plants by ionizing radiations. Brookhaven Sym. Biol., 6: 252-279.
  11. Gunckel, J.E. and Sparrow. A.H. (1961). Ionizing Radiation: Biochemical, Physiological andMorphological aspects of their effects on plants. In: Encycl. Plant Physiol. (Ed.) Ruhland, W.XVI, Springer-Verlag, Berlin: 555-611.
  12. Gustafsson, A. (1940). The mutation system of the chlorophyll apparatus. Lunds Univ. Arrks. N.F. Adv. 36:1-40.
  13. Harris, M.K. (1979). Arthropod-Plant interaction related to agriculture, emphasizing host plant resistance. In: Biology Breeding for Resistance to Arthropod and Pathogens in Agricultural plants. Texas Agric. Exp. Station, Publication No. MP.1452:23-31
  14. IAEA (1977). Manual on Mutation Breeding, 2nd edition, Technical report series, No. 119, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria: 1-285.
  15. IITA (1989). Biotechnology. Annual Report for 1988/1989, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria: 23-26.
  16. Jackai, L.E.N. (1982). Field screening technique for resisitance of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] to the pod borer (Maruca testulalis Geyer) (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Bull. Ent. Konzak, C.F., Nilan, R.A., Harle, J.R. and Heiner, R.F. (1961). Control of factors affecting the response of plants to mutagen. Brookhaven Symp. Biol., 14: 128-157.
  17. Konzak, C.F., Nilan, R.A., Harle, J.R. and Heiner, R.F. (1961). Control of factors affecting the response of plants to mutagen. Brookhaven Symp. Biol., 14: 128-157.
  18. Konzak, C.F., Nilan, R.A., Wagner, J. and Foster, R. J. (1965). Efficient chemical mutagenesis in the use of induced mutations in plant breeding. Rad. Bot., 5: 49-70.
  19. Lawhale, A.D. (1982). Note on genetic variability in quantitative characters of cowpea in the M3 generation. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 52 (1):22-23.
  20. Mackay, J. (1951).Neutron and X-ray experiment in Barley. Hereditas. 32 : 421-464.
  21. Maluszynski, K.N., Zanten, L.V. and Ahlowalia, B.S. (2000). Officially released mutant varieties. The FAO/IAEA Database. Mut. Breed. Rev., 12: 81.
  22. Ojehomon, O O (1968). Flowering, fruit production, and abscission in cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. J.W. Afr. Sci. Assoc. 13:227-234.
  23. Ojomo, O and Cheda, A. (1975). Induced mutations in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] mutation spectrum and rates. Ghana J. Sci., 15:155-158.
  24. Quastler, H. and Baer, A. (1950). Inhibition of plant growth by irradiation. V. Radiation effects on initiation and completion of growth. Cancer Res., 10: 604-612.
  25. Reddy, I.P. (1992). Mutational studies in some varieties of French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Ph.D Thesis, Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University, Hyderabad.
  26. Reddy, K.S. and Dhanasekar, P. (2007). Induced Mutations for Genetic Improvement of Mungbean, Urd bean and Cowpea Pulse Crop in India. IANCAS Bulletin, 4 (4): 229-307.
  27. Shah, T. M., Mirza, J.I., Ahsanul, M. H., and Atta, B.M. (2008). Induced genetic variability in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). II. Comparative mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of physical and chemical mutagens. Pak. J. Bot., 40 (2): 605-613.
  28. Shrivastav, C. M. (2005). Response of cowpea genotypes to plant density and fertilizer levels underrainfed vertisols. Degree of master of science, Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture, Dharwad. University of Agricultural Sciences.
  29. Singh, V.K., Ramkrishna, K. and Arya, R.K. (2006). Induced chemical mutagenesis in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Indian J. Genet., 66 (4): 312-315.
  30. Singh,B. and Tejeswar, R. (2007). Induced morphological mutations in Green gram [Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek]. Leg. Res., 30 (2): 137-140.
  31. Skoog, F. (1935). The effect of X-irradiation on auxin and plant growth. J. Cellular Comp. Physiol.,7: 227-240.
  32. Sparrow, A.H. (1961). In: Mutation and Plant Breeding. National Academy of Sciences, Nat. Res.Council Publ. Washington D.C., 892: 55-79.
  33. Sumira, J., T. Parween and T.O. Siddiqi (2011). Gamma radiation effects on growth and yield attributes of (Psoralea corylifolia (L.) with referaence to enhanced production of psoralen. Plant Grow. Regul. 64: 163-171.
  34. Thilagavathi, C. and Mullainathan, L. (2009). Isolation of macro mutants and mutagenic effectiveness, efficiency in Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). Global J. Molecular Sci., 4 (2): 76-79.
  35. Thombre, M.V. and Mehetre, S.S. (1980). A pistillate mutant in cotton. Indian J. Genet., 40: 388-390.
  36. Wani, A. (2009). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and their combination treatments in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Asian J. Plant Sci., 8(4):318-321.
  37. Wankhede, S.R., Gajbhiye, R.P. and Charjan, S.U. (2011). Effect of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate on seed germination and mortality percentage in chilli cv. Jwala. Green Farming, 2(1):78-79.
Reviewed By

Download Article
In this Article
    Contact us
    Follow us

    Editorial Board

    View all (0)