The fig tree is classified within the genus Ficus, which is a member of the family Moraceae.  This genus has roughly 400 species and 700 cultivars, all of which are deciduous shrubs. The fig is thought to have originated from the Arabian Peninsula. Following the Islamic conquests, its cultivation spread to North Africa and the Mediterranean Basin. The fig is classified as a subtropical fruit, with trees that exhibit a short dormancy period and tolerate high temperatures of up to 50°C. However, optimal fruit quality is achieved when average temperatures approach 37°C. Notably, the skin of the fruit tends to dry when temperatures exceed 40°C (Ibrahim, 1996).
       
Each 100 grammes of fresh fig fruit comprises roughly 78% water, 1.3% protein, 0.3% fat, 17% carbs and 2% fibre, in addition to 48 mg of carotene, 50 mg of vitamin B, 9 mg of vitamin C, 54 mg of calcium, 22 mg of phosphorus, 250 mg of potassium, 4 mg of zinc and 6 mg of iron (Mitra, 1997). Figs are consumed fresh, dried, or as juice and are also used in the production of certain alcoholic beverages. They contribute to digestive health and are employed in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, chronic constipation and cardiovascular diseases (Al-Dajwi, 1997). The fig fruit is classified as a multiple fruit, formed by the aggregation of small drupelets on a fleshy receptacle known as the syconium. This structure becomes hollow and houses the small fruits within, with an apical opening called the ostiole or ostium, which is sometimes covered with scales (Ferguson et al., 1999).
       
When it comes to fig output and cultivation area, Turkey is at the top of the world. Greece and California, USA, follow closely after. Around 935,000 metric tons of figs are produced every year on a worldwide scale, with a typical yield of 4-6 metric tons per hectare. With an estimated 325,000 fig trees in Iraq and a yield of 21 kg per tree, the country’s total output comes to 6,825 tons (CSO, 2008).
       
Foliar feeding is a widely used technique that involves applying diluted nutrient solutions directly to the plant’s foliage, often multiple times and is particularly effective for correcting micronutrient deficiencies (Brayan, 1999).
       
This research aimed to fill an opening in the literature by means of studying the outcomes of foliar software of SYNERGISIC and SORB COMPLEX on decided chemical traits of fig fruits underneath the environmental situations of Dhi Qar Governorate. The research had been carried out to determine the effects of every compound on my own and in aggregate. This studies intends to expose how some chemical functions of fig tree fruits are laid low with remedy with synergistic and sorb complexes, in addition to how these complexes have interaction with each other.

The test was carried out in a non-public orchard in Dhi Qar Governorate in the course of the autumn of 2024-2025, aimed towards assessing the impact of foliar spraying of SYNERGISTIC and SORB COMPLEX on improving sure chemical features of fig trees. The timber used inside the studies had been round five years antique and cultivated on silty clay soil. Standard horticultural measures, which includes steady watering, trimming, pest control and both hand weeding and mechanized weeding had been meticulously done over the study length.
       
The study followed a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Two main factors were considered:
- Factor A: SYNERGISTIC (at 0, 2 and 4 mL/L).
- Factor B: SORB COMPLEX (at 0, 1.5 and 3 mL/L).
       
Spraying occurred on four occasions: February 8, 2025; February 23; March 10 and March 25. A total of 27 fig trees, uniform in size, shape, cultivar and vigor, were selected, with each tree representing a single experimental unit. Statistical analysis of the collected data was carried out using the GenStat software (2007 edition). Mean comparisons were performed using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 0.05 probability level (Al-Rawi and Khalalfallah, 2000). The following parameters were evaluated:

1. Vitamin C concentration (mg/100 mL juice): Assessed in accordance with Hussein et al., 2010.
2. Anthocyanin pigment content (mg/100 g): Measured by dissolving 5 g of fruit peel in a 1.5N HCl and 85% methanol solution, then analyzed using UV-VIS spectrophotometry at 535 nm [9].
3. Total soluble solids (TSS%): Evaluated using a portable refractometer (Hussein et al., 2010).
4. Carbohydrate content: Assessed using the methodology outlined by (Hussein et al., 2010).

The results was found that spraying fig trees with SYNERGISTIC at a dosage of 4 ml/L significantly outperformed the other treatments alone for this chemical, yielding 7.37 mg/100 g juice. Out of all the treatments, the one that produced the greatest fruit content of vitamin A, reaching 7.32, was the one that was treated with the growth stimulant SORB COMPLEX at a concentration of 3 ml/L, according to the research. Since it produced the greatest content when compared to the control treatment, the interaction between (SYNERGISTIC + SORB COMPLEX) at a concentration of (4+3 ml/L) was also shown in the Table 1. This is due to the fact SYNERGISTIC is a growth stimulant, which means it starts off evolved photosynthesis and encourages sugar formation. It additionally incorporates amino acids, which help construct proteins and enzymes that synthesize ascorbic acid. Additionally, it contains microelements like zinc and iron, which help activate the enzymes that make vitamin C. That fits in with (Kazem et al., 2021; Salih et al., 2020; Al-Rumaiydh et al., 2021; Saeed et al., 2020).


       
Table 2 displays the study’s findings, which demonstrate that the anthocyanin content of the fruit was significantly affected by the growth stimulant SYNERGISTIC at a concentration of 4 ml/L, producing the highest value of 438.63 when compared to the other individual treatments. The maximum result of 440.87 mg/100 g was likewise obtained with the stimulant SORB COMPLEX at a concentration of 3 ml/L. In comparison to the control treatment, the interaction therapy (4+3 ml/L) produced the maximum value of 452.00. Possible explanations include these chemicals’ effects on metabolic pathways, enzyme stimulation and trace element availability, all of which enhance the fruit’s visual appeal, quality and marketability. That fits in with (Al-Muhe and Abdul, 2023; Shakor and Noori, 2024; Lateef et al., 2021; Hamied and Omar, 2022; Begum et al., 2018).


       
Table 3 shows substantial variations in the percentage of dissolved solids when treated with the SYNERGISTIC catalyst at a concentration of (4 ml/L) in comparison to the other individual treatments. Notable variations were also seen for the SORB COMPLEX compound at a concentration of 3 ml/L. The interaction revealed that the treatment (4 + 3 ml/L) of both drugs had substantial superiority over the control treatment, achieving a percentage of 24.67%. This may result from the compounds’ efficacy in augmenting plant photosynthesis, thereby elevating sugar production and facilitating its transport from leaves to fruits, alongside the added nutrients’ role in activating enzymes responsible for carbohydrate transformations within fruit tissues (Sekhi et al., 2023). These chemicals may also play a role in controlling certain plant hormones that influence fruit development and size while ensuring high sugar accumulation, favorably impacting fruit quality and marketability. This aligns with (Sulaiman et al., 2019; Al-Muhe and Abdul, 2024; Kocira et al., 2018).


       
Table 4 indicates that the growth stimulant SYNERGISTIC, at a concentration of (4 ml/L), significantly influenced the total carbohydrate percentage in the fruits, which reached (15.95%) in comparison to the individual treatments. The SORB COMPLEX stimulant therapy at a concentration of 3 ml/L also surpassed expectations, yielding a percentage of 16.3%. The interaction between the two drugs at concentrations of 4 and 3 ml/L demonstrated substantial superiority, with a percentage of 17.85% (Ahmed and Lateef, 2025; Shamsuddin et al., 2020). This impact may be ascribed to the function of these substances in stimulating photosynthesis, enhancing the rate of sugar synthesis in the leaves and optimizing their transference to the fruits. The presence of microelements in these compounds stimulates the enzymes that decompose starch into soluble sugars, resulting in an increased accumulation of total carbohydrates in the fruits, which positively affects their qualitative characteristics and nutritional value. This is consistent with (Ali et al., 2023).

Based on the effects of this have a look at, it is obtrusive that foliar utility of the boom stimulant SYNERGISTIC at 4 mL/L and SORB COMPLEX at three mL/L substantially complements essential chemical attributes of fig culmination, along with ascorbic acid content, anthocyanin attention, general soluble solids and carbohydrate levels. Notably, the blended use of those two compounds validated a said synergistic effect, surpassing the person applications in enhancing fruit satisfactory. This synergy shows that integrating both remedies can correctly optimize the biochemical composition of figs under the environmental conditions of Dhi-Qar Governorate. These findings provide valuable insights for boosting fig manufacturing via focused foliar nutrients strategies. However, similarly studies is recommended to evaluate long-term outcomes, discover monetary feasibility and verify influences on different physiological and agronomic developments to absolutely harness the potential blessings of these growth stimulants in diverse cultivation settings.

The present study was supported by College of Agriculture - Dhi Qar University, Iraq.
 
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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article. No. funding or sponsorship influenced the design of the study, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.