<div>Background: Cereal cultivation has been and will remain the predominant crop in Algerian agriculture. It constitutes the staple food of the majority of the population. However, this crop is subject to many abiotic and biotic constraints, including climatic factors as well as fungal, bacterial and viral diseases that cause considerable losses. The objective of the study is to carry out surveys and identify diseases on durum wheat and soft wheat plots in the Tizi-ouzou and Bouira regions. 
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Methods: Thus, 8 plots of the wilaya of Tizi-ouzou and 5 others of the wilaya of Bouira are subject to it, taking into account the precipitations and temperatures which favor the triggering and development of cryptogamic diseases on certain varieties of wheat. The identification of diseases is carried out by a macroscopic observation on the ground of the different symptoms manifested on the affected organ and a microscopic observation in the laboratory by a mycological examination on different culture media to confirm the presence of the pathogenic agent. 
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Result: The results obtained showed the impact of precipitation and temperatures on the period of appearance and development of diseases as well as the rate of infestations. The main cryptogamic diseases observed during monitoring were powdery mildew Erysiphe graminis, septoria leaf spot Septoria tritici, halo spot Pyrenophora tritici repentis, fusarium leaf spot Fusarium sp. and yellow rust Puccinia striiformis.</div>

Period of Appearance of the Main Fungal Diseases on Wheat in Two Regions with Sub-humid and Semi-arid Bioclimatic Levels (Tizi-ouzou and Bouira) in the North of Algeria

Background: This study deals with the arthropods biodiversity restricted to almond tree plot located in Tafoughalt (Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria). The study of their diet makes it possible to identify the trophic categories in order to carry out a reasoned fight if necessary against harmful species.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: To do this, 03 capture methods (sweep net, Barber pots and colored traps) was used. The work is carried out from September 2021 to August 2022.&nbsp; 
 
Result: The captures allowed us to identify 108 species of arthropods divided into 05 classes (Arachnida, Crustacea, Myriapoda, Enthognata and Insecta), 16 orders and 54 families.The Coleoptera and Homoptera are the most important of which were with a relative frequency of 54.49% and 25.84% respectively using the sweep net. Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera are abundant in Barber pots, with a relative frequency equal to 29.38%; 25.05% and 19.36% respectively. Species belonging to the order Homoptera and Hymenoptera are the most counted in aerial yellow traps with a frequency of 26.17% and 25.5%, followed by Diptera and Coleoptera with 20.13% and 14.54%. The Shannon diversity index varied according to the sampling method; the values ranged between 3.38 bits for coloured traps, 3.34 bits for the Barber pots and 2.27 bits for the sweep net. According to the trophic status, the highest indices were recorded for phytophagous with 55% captured by sweep net, 45.07% for coloured traps and 39.68% for the Barber pots.

Period of Appearance of the Main Fungal Diseases on Wheat in Two Regions with Sub-humid and Semi-arid Bioclimatic Levels (Tizi-ouzou and Bouira) in the North of Algeria

Arthropods Diversity Associated to Almond Cultivation (Prunus dulcis L.) in Tizi-Ouzou Region