Background: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a self-pollinated, auto-tetraploid legume crop with 2n=40 chromosomes and belongs to the family Fabaceae. Microbial inoculant Azotobacter (Azotobacter chroococcum), Bacillus (Bacillus subtilus) and Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas sps.) were applied @ 250 g/acre. Consortium comprised of 3 microbial inoculants/strain @ 166.0 each for 500 g per acre&nbsp; 
 
Methods: For in depth studies field experiment on PSBs along with two doses of P2O5 were carried out during two consecutive Kharif season in 2020 and 2021 on SG99.The use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria as inoculants simultaneously increases P uptake by the plant and crop yield. Strains from the genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Azotobacter are among the most powerful phosphate solubilizes.&nbsp; 
 
Result: Results revealed that the different treatments of recommended dose and double dose of PSBs exerted their significant effect on initiation of flowering, 50% flowering, completion of flowering and days to maturity.

An Analysis of the Effects of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) on Phosphorus Intake to Increase Groundnut Productivity

<div>Background: Utilizing two wild cotton species, Gossypium anomalum [Wawra and Peyritsch (2n=2x=26) B1] and Gossypium aridum [Skovsted (2n=2x=26) D4], extensive wide hybridization event carried out with upland cotton to assess the feasibility and ease of delivering genetic variation responsible for resistance to various stresses. 
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Methods: The crossing was carried out using the wild species and the cultivate varieties of upland cotton in 2021-2022 at TNAU, Coimbatore. Total of 12 crosses were attempted and the various aspect regarding the feasibility success of different crosses was studied. 
 
Result: In contrast to their reciprocals, viable offspring were generated in the direct crosses with tetraploid parents employed as seed parents with both wild species. A huge bulk of bolls dropped during the first seven days of pollination and no matured boll set was observed in reciprocals. Most G. anomalum hybrids produce F1 offspring with thick and long leaf hairs which help the plant attain resistance against sucking pests. Through successive backcrosses or chromosome duplication, such genetic material potentially can be utilized furthermore in plant breeding to provide new beneficial resistance traits apart from other significant and relevant features.</div>

An Analysis of the Effects of Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) on Phosphorus Intake to Increase Groundnut Productivity

Crossability Relationship between Wild Cotton G. anomalum and G. aridum with Upland Cotton (G. hirsutum)