<div>Background: In conventional agriculture, expensive phosphatic fertilizers were applied in huge quantities to reduce phosphorus deficiency in mungbean. Disproportionate application of these chemical fertilizers over long periods has damaged the natural properties of soils by killing soil micro flora and fauna, leading to reduced agricultural production. Sustainable agriculture based on organics and biological fertilizers is an effective solution for overcoming these problems. Therefore, keeping the above information in view, the present study was undertaken to assess the effect of PROM and microbial inoculants on the growth and yield of mungbean. 
 
Methods: In this field-laboratory experiment which was conducted at agronomy farm of Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, during Kharif season of 2019, 12 treatments involving control, PROM, PSB, VAM, Pseudomonas fluorescens (PF) and their respective combinations were included which was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The collected samples were determined for growth and yield attributes in the field and laboratory. 
 
Result: The results showed that combined application of PROM+PSB+VAM+PF reported the maximum values of most of the growth and yield attributing characters i.e. plant height, number of branches/plant, dry matter accumulation, total and effective number of root nodules per plant, fresh and dry weight of nodules per plant, crop growth rate, chlorophyll content, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, test weight, seed, straw and biological yield of mungbean as compared to other combinations and control, but it was at par with PROM+PSB+VAM.</div>

Effect of PROM and Microbial Inoculants on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

<div>Background: Being an efficient N- fixer, mungbean improve the soil fertility status and can thereby serve as a useful component in any viable cropping system in the country. PROM has to be a better source of phosphate application. Indian soils are deficient in organic carbon. Sulphur is mostly applied to oilseed and pulse crops found to benefit more than one crop in a sequence due to its significant residual response. 
 
Methods: The investigation was conducted during kharif season of 2019 comprising five levels of phosphorus sources (Control, 16 kg P2O5/ha through DAP, 16 kg P2O5/ha through PROM, 32 kg P2O5/ha through DAP and 32 kg P2O5/ha through PROM) and three levels of sulphur (Control, 15 and 30 kg/ha) making 15 treatment combinations replicated three times in factorial randomized block design. 
 
Result: Application of 32 kg P2O5/ha through PROM recorded significantly higher growth, yield attributes, yields as well as net returns (<img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAANCAYAAABy6+R8AAABOUlEQVQoFY2SMauCUBTHE/sGbaJIBdLkJBFCW4NufpOmNr+DfoRwilqcxMVZgsaWhsjBhhAqHFwU/49zefrey97jHThw7+H3u+eey+3hM6qqQhAE2G638H0fYRiy3O122Gw2SJKkQdFrVsfjEYvFAtPpFIPBABzHsZzNZjBNE+fzuUG/JKpkWcZOPBwOsCwLPM/D8zykaYo8z7vS6XTCZDKBIAiQZRnD4ZB16vf7GI1G2O/3XenxeOByueB6veL5fIJmoSs6joPb7dYKtGhnaqplWSKKIozHY8znc9D+NVqJOiiKAlVVoes6bNtGURSvPNu3EgGaprEr0Uv+Fa1EEL2eJEkQRRH3+/1X74dEVBzHrJthGKjr+q3YkYhar9dMXK1W/5eIXC6XTHRdtyO+7dRQ9Oco6V9+jw88uDdzhBmUugAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" /> 50440) with B:C ratio 2.93 as compared to 16 kg P2O5/ha through DAP, 16 kg P2O5/ha through PROM and 32 kg P2O5/ha through DAP. With regard to sulphur levels application of sulphur up to 30 kg/ha recorded significantly higher growth, yield attributes, yields as well net returns (<img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA0AAAANCAYAAABy6+R8AAABOUlEQVQoFY2SMauCUBTHE/sGbaJIBdLkJBFCW4NufpOmNr+DfoRwilqcxMVZgsaWhsjBhhAqHFwU/49zefrey97jHThw7+H3u+eey+3hM6qqQhAE2G638H0fYRiy3O122Gw2SJKkQdFrVsfjEYvFAtPpFIPBABzHsZzNZjBNE+fzuUG/JKpkWcZOPBwOsCwLPM/D8zykaYo8z7vS6XTCZDKBIAiQZRnD4ZB16vf7GI1G2O/3XenxeOByueB6veL5fIJmoSs6joPb7dYKtGhnaqplWSKKIozHY8znc9D+NVqJOiiKAlVVoes6bNtGURSvPNu3EgGaprEr0Uv+Fa1EEL2eJEkQRRH3+/1X74dEVBzHrJthGKjr+q3YkYhar9dMXK1W/5eIXC6XTHRdtyO+7dRQ9Oco6V9+jw88uDdzhBmUugAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" /> 46723) with B:C ratio 2.96 over control and 15 kg S/ha.</div>

Growth and Productivity Augmentation of Greengram (Vigna radiata) through Phosphorus Sources and Sulphur Levels

The results of the study indicated the application of phosphorus upto 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 recorded significantly higher number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of total and effective root nodules, test weight, seed and straw yield, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in seed and straw and their uptake, protein content in seed and net return as compared to absolute control and 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 but was at par with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1. Application of different sources of phosphorus led to significant effect on seed yield. PROM &nbsp;(Phosphorus Rich Organic Manure) (8.36) was significantly superior in increasing the seed yield by 17.74 and 12.21 per cent, respectively, as compared to DAP (7.10) and SSP (7.45). However, both DAP and SSP being at par with each other. Application of phosphorus @ 40 (7.98) and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 (8.44) significantly increased the seed yield by 22.95 and 30.04 per cent, respectively as compared to 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 (6.49). However, both 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 were at par with each other in increasing seed yield. The highest net return (Rs. 14865) was obtained with application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 over absolute control and 20 kg P2O5 ha-1 and phosphorus fertilization with PROMfetched the highest net return (Rs. 14736 ha-1) which was significantly higher over DAP and SSP. &nbsp;

Effect of PROM and Microbial Inoculants on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

Growth and Productivity Augmentation of Greengram (Vigna radiata) through Phosphorus Sources and Sulphur Levels

Response of different sources and levels of phosphorus on yield, nutrient uptake and net returns on mungbean under rainfed condition