Background: This study explores the unexplored microbial diversity of raw&nbsp;Apis mellifera honey from Algeria&rsquo;s Ouarsenis region to identify novel biotherapeutic agents. 
 
Methods: Nine honey samples were screened, yielding lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolates characterized via phenotypic assays and identified through MALDI-TOF MS (Bruker Biotyper). The isolates were taxonomically classified as&nbsp;Lactiplantibacillus plantarum,&nbsp;Limosilactobacillus fermentum,&nbsp;Apilactobacillus kunkeei and&nbsp;Fructobacillus fructosus. To determine their functional potential, the antibacterial efficacy of both whole cultures and cell-free supernatants (CFS) was evaluated against&nbsp;Escherichia coli,&nbsp;Klebsiella pneumoniae and&nbsp;Staphylococcus aureus&nbsp;using agar diffusion. 
 
Result: The isolates exhibited potent antagonistic activity, with inhibition zones reaching 39.5&plusmn;0.71 mm for whole cultures and 24.0&plusmn;0.00 mm for CFS.&nbsp;S. aureus&nbsp;was the most susceptible pathogen. These findings highlight that honey from the Ouarsenis region serves as a unique ecological niche for bioactive LAB. These strains possess significant inhibitory properties against clinically relevant pathogens, positioning them as promising natural alternatives to conventional antibiotics and high-value candidates for probiotic or food preservative applications.

Bioactive Potential of Indigenous Lactobacillus Species Isolated from Algerian Ouarsenis Honey: A New Source of Natural Antibacterials