<div style="text-align: justify;">MgSO4 application showed significant influence on productivity and quality of safflower. Among the various treatments tested, application of MgSO4 @ 750 ppm at bud initiation (BI) and flower initiation (FI) recorded the higher seed yield (1143 kg/ha). The higher volume weight (728.4g/l) and 100 seed weight (6.04 g) was also observed under the same treatment. The effect of MgSO4 @ 750 ppm at BI and FI was also found significantly superior in terms of SPAD index, RLWC, LAI on A and leaf area. Application of MgSO4 @ 500 ppm was statistically at par with MgSO4 @ 750 ppm at BI and FI in many other parameters under study. Numerically higher net monitory returns (Rs. 17667/ha) and B: C ratio (2.14) was realized with application of MgSO4 @ 750 ppm at BI and FI.&nbsp;</div>

Effect of magnesium sulphate on yield, economics and growth attributes of rainfed safflower (<em>Carthamus tinctorious</em>) in scarcity zone of Maharashtra<br />&nbsp;

<div style="text-align: justify;">Pulses are one of the most important legume crops in India contributing significantly high quality protein. Among the legumes, black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper), is an important legume crop in our country belonging to the family leguminoceae. The low productivity in pulses may be due to the fact that they are normally grown in marginal lands with inadequate soil moisture and poor fertility status. To increase yield under these circumstances, integrated seed treatment is given as a presowing treatment. &nbsp; Hence, a study was attempted to find out the influence of integrated seed treatments on growth and yield parameters in black gram. The seeds of &nbsp;black gram cv VBN 4 were subjected to &nbsp;various seed &nbsp;treatments and treated seeds along with the control were evaluated for their seed quality, growth, gas exchange and yield parameters both in laboratory and field trials. The study revealed that seeds fortified with MgSO4 + polykote + carbendazim + dimethoate + bioinoculant (Pseudomononas fluorescens) + Rhizobium + Azophos + pelleting with DAP recorded higher seed yield and other parameters when compared to control.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;">Effect of integrated seed treatments on growth, seed yield and&nbsp;quality parameters in black gram [<em>Vigna mungo</em> (L.) Hepper]</div>

<div><strong>Background: </strong>The average productivity of chickpea is quite low (939 kg/ha) because of several factors including its cultivation in rain fed/low moisture and marginal lands, low seed replacement rate (25.4%), use of old and low-quality seed by the majority of farmers. This in turn gives poor germination, delayed emergence and sick seedlings that lead to poor yield. Osmo priming of seed with different in-organic salts has been reported to improve the germination, speed of emergence, seedling vigour, growth and yield of different vegetable and field crops but information&rsquo;s on response of seed priming with in-organic salts on enhancement of seed quality parameters and crop performance of naturally aged seeds of chickpea is lacking over a wide range of environmental conditions including normal and water deficit conditions.<br />
<br />
<strong>Methods: </strong>An experiment was conducted under laboratory as well as in plastic pots with 05 seed osmo- priming level, two varieties of chickpea (Ujjawal and JG-14) and two moisture level (Normal at field capacity and water deficit at half of the field capacity) during <em>rabi </em>season 2017-18 and 2018-19.at the Research farm of ICAR- IIPR Kanpur (U.P.) to study the influence of seed osmo-priming with in- organic salts on seed quality parameters and crop performance under normal and water deficit conditions. The observations were recorded on seed quality, growth and crop efficiency parameters at their appropriate time.<br />
<br />
<strong>Result: </strong>Osmo-priming of one-year-old chickpea seeds with KNO<sub>3</sub>, MgSO<sub>4</sub>, Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> at 0.2% solution and tap water for 06 hours significantly enhanced the seed quality parameters in both the varieties evaluated under normal as well as under water deficit conditions over their respective control. Amongst, the priming agents used, KNO<sub>3</sub> performed better than MgSO<sub>4</sub>, Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and tap water in respect of most of the seed quality parameters studied. Variety Ujjawal responded better the priming treatments than JG-14 under both normal and water deficit conditions. Osmo-priming treatments also showed the positive response in the enhancement of Nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll, Flavonols, Stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate in both the varieties evaluated under normal as well as water deficit condition.</div>


<div style="text-align:justify">Seed Osmo-priming in Chickpea Enhances Seed Quality and Crop Performance under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions</div>


Effect of magnesium sulphate on yield, economics and growth attributes of rainfed safflower (Carthamus tinctorious) in scarcity zone of Maharashtra

Effect of integrated seed treatments on growth, seed yield and quality parameters in black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

Seed Osmo-priming in Chickpea Enhances Seed Quality and Crop Performance under Normal and Water Deficit Conditions