Background: The textile use of llama fiber, achieved through genetic improvement, llama selection and management, shows great potential for producing high-quality clothing and fabrics; providing an alternative income to highland residents who raise llamas. The aim of this research was to determine the fiber medullation of white Ch&acute;aku and Q&acute;ara color varieties of Llamas (Lama glama) from the communities of the Macusani district, Puno Peru.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: A total of 88 Llamas from the Ch&acute;aku and Q&acute;ara white color varieties, including males and females, from the age of milk teeth and two teeth, were used. Fiber samples of approximately 10 g were taken from the thigh, middle rib and shoulder, totaling 264 samples. Samples were analyzed at the Fiber Laboratory of the District Municipality of Corani, using the FIBER MED equipment. Data were analyzed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 2(variety) &times; 2 (sex) &times; 2 (age group) &times; 3 (body area) factorial arrangement.&nbsp; 
 
Result: The percentage of fiber medullation types in Ch&acute;aku and Q&acute;ara Llamas averaged 46.02% and 47.38%, showing no significant difference (p&gt;0.05). In Ch&acute;aku Llamas, a statistical difference was observed by sex (p&lt;0.05) for the percentage of medullated, non-medullated and continuous fibers in males and females. In Q&acute;ara variety, there was a significant difference in the percentage of medullated, non-medullated and continuous fibers between milk teeth and two teeth age groups. There was no significant difference (p&gt;0.05) between body area samples.

Fibre Medullation Characteristics in Peruvian Llamas (Lama glama)

<div>Background: Llamas are becoming increasingly popular as livestock and as companion animals and their blood samples may require transportation over long distances and storage for extended periods prior to hematological analyses. Hematological parameters are influenced by a range of factors, including age, sex, diet and environment. Examining how these parameters change over time in stored blood samples can provide insights into the natural variation of these parameters in llamas, which can inform future research on the health and biology of these animals. This study sought to evaluate the stability of hematological markers at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 and 42 hours of storage in blood samples of llamas (Lama glama) stored at 4&deg;C.&nbsp; 
 
Methods: The study was conducted on blood from eight clinically healthy llamas captivated at Sarajevo Zoo-Pionirska dolina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The effect of storage was observed on the following hematological parameters: Red Blood Cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Reticulocyte count (RETIC), White Blood Cell (WBC). White blood cell differentiation, absolute white blood cell counts, platelet count (PLT) and mean platelet volume (MPV) are also included. 
 
Result: During 42 hours of storage at 4&deg;C, it was discovered that red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, mean cell hemoglobin and reticulocyte, as well as the differentiation of white blood cells and measurement of their absolute values, remained stable. However, hematocrit increased at 12 h, while mean cell hemoglobin concentration decreased at 12 h when stored at 4&deg;C.</div>

Fibre Medullation Characteristics in Peruvian Llamas (Lama glama)

Hematological Parameters on Llamas Blood Samples: Reliability Across a Range of Storage Times