<div>Organic farming and organically produced food products are gaining popularity very rapidly in India and world. To trounce the reliance on chemical fertilizers for crop production liquid organic bio-fertilizers and manures are very excellent and cheap sources on the earth because of easy availability and good source of nutrients. Among these Jeevamrut, Beejamrut and panchagavya are the one of the best, which contains almost essential plant nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, copper, manganese etc.), enzymes (acid phosphatise, alkaline phosphatise, dehydrogenase etc.) and microbes (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, free living nitrogen fixers and phosphorus solubilising organisms), which directly enhances plant metabolism resulting better growth and development. Jeevamrut is well thought-out to be a brilliant source of natural carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and lot of other micro nutrients required for the crops and popularly used as means of organic farming. Panchagavya was used in conventional Hindu rituals which is prepared by mixing five ingredients viz., cow dung, urine, milk, curd and ghee. Jeevamrut and Panchagavya have potential to play the role of promoting growth and provide immunity in plant system. In this manuscript various effects of applications of Jeevamrut and Panchagavya on crops grown in organic farming and their consequences will be discussed.</div>

Jeevamrut and Panchagavya&rsquo;s Consequences on Growth, Quality and Productivity of Organically Grown Crops: A Review

Background: Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] cultivation faces challenges associated with extensive chemical fertilizer use, prompting a shift towards sustainable practices. Organic inputs like poultry manure offer potential alternatives, yet their impact on soil health and crop productivity warrants investigation. 
 
Methods: A two-year field experiment assessed the effects of bioformulation-based farming systems on soil properties and okra growth. Ten treatments incorporating organic amendments and bioformulations (pandchavya and jeevamrut) were evaluated in a randomized block design. Soil nutrient levels, microbial dynamics and enzyme activities were analyzed pre-and post-experiment. 
 
Result: Combining 90% recommended nutrient dose with panchagavya and jeevamrut significantly enhanced soil nutrient content and microbial biomass. Increased bacterial, fungal and actinomycetes counts were observed alongside elevated enzyme activities.

Effect of Bioformulation-based Farming Systems on Soil Nutrient Content and Microbial Properties under Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Cultivation