<div style="text-align: justify;">Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) is a horticultural commodity with high economic value. However, serious disease management is needed to get good production with better fruit quality. &nbsp;Wilt disease caused by Fusarium is constraining &nbsp;tomato production. This study was aimed to measure the effectiveness the use of Gliocladium fimbriatum and Trichoderma viride to control fusarium wilt disease. This study was conducted in Food Crop and Holticultural Plant Protection Institute of West Papua and Laboratory of Plant Diseases of Agricultural Faculty, Papua University, Manokwari. This study was designed using factorial complete randomized design consisting of two treatment factors and repeated three times. The experiment findings indicated that servo variety was better compared to other tested varieties as indicated by better plant height, low fusarium wilt disease intensity, and higher fruits quantity and weight. Trichoderma and Gliocladium were capable of controlling the development of fusarium wilt disease in tomatoes plant, but the effectiveness of Trichoderma (53.68%) was better controlling the pathogen compared to Gliocladium (48.89%). Interaction between the treatments of Servo variety and fungi Trichoderma resulted in better effect both to lower disease intensity and higher fruits quantity and weight.</div>

<div style="text-align: justify;">The effectiveness of fungi Gliocladiumfimbriatum and Trichoderma viride to control fusarium wilt disease of tomatoes &nbsp;(Lycopersicum esculentum)</div>

<div><strong>Background:</strong> Seed borne endophytic fungi play an important role in seed germination and plant health. There are ubiquitous and have been found associated in every plant species investigated so far. They colonize plant seeds without causing any disease and are often vertically transmitted. Despite their occurrence, seed borne endophytic fungi are poorly investigated and their role for application in agriculture is still to be elucidated.&nbsp;<br />
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<strong>Methods:</strong> In the present study endophytic fungi associated with seeds of some indigenous rice varieties of North East, India was investigated. The isolates were determined for IAA activity <em>in-vitro</em> and antifungal activity against rice pathogen, <em>Magnaporthe grisea</em>. Crude metabolites obtained from potent isolates were characterized by GCMS analysis to reveal the presence of bioactive compounds.&nbsp;<br />
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<strong>Result:</strong> Our result indicated that commonly isolated fungal genera were Aspergillus, <em>Fusarium, Gliocladium, Mucor, Penicillium, Bipolaris, Basidiobolus</em> and Mycelia sterilia. Amongst them, colonization frequency (CF %) of <em>Fusarium</em> (8.8%) was found to be highest and was isolated from seeds of almost all the varieties. It was observed that four isolates of <em>Fusarium</em> showed good IAA production in the medium amended with tryptophan. The isolates also displayed antifungal activity against <em>Magnaporthe grisea</em>. GCMS analysis of the metabolites indicated presence of several bioactive compounds. The study suggests that seed borne endophytes can be explored as bio-inoculants for crop improvement in future research program.&nbsp;</div>


<div>Seed Borne Endophytic Fungi Associated with Some Indigenous Rice Varieties of North East India and Their Growth Promotion and Antifungal Potential</div>


The effectiveness of fungi Gliocladiumfimbriatum and Trichoderma viride to control fusarium wilt disease of tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum)

Seed Borne Endophytic Fungi Associated with Some Indigenous Rice Varieties of North East India and Their Growth Promotion and Antifungal Potential