<div>Background: In view of developing early maturing groundnut that fit in high intensity multiple cropping system the present study was taken up to introgress early maturing traits in the well-established high yielding varieties. 
 
Methods: VRI 8, CO 7, ICGV 07222 and VRI 6 were takenas the variety to be improved and as a source for early maturity and male parent in the study viz., VRI 3, Chico, ICGV 91114 and ICGV 93468 were used. A crossing program was designed using these parent materials and selected crosses were forwarded to the next F2 generation and their backcross populations were also generated. The data recorded were subjected to Generation mean analysis and association analysis. 
 
Result: With consideration of early maturity and high pod yield the genotypes F2 of CO 7 &times; Chico and ICGV 07222 &times; Chico and B2 of ICGV 07222 &times; Chico recorded high mean values for the traits. The presence of duplicate epistasis was observed for, days to accumulation of 25 flowers (DTF) and days to maturity. This indicates that, inter-mating the selected segregating generations could result in the accumulation of favourable genes. The trait pod yield per plant exhibited positively significant correlation with days to accumulation of 25 flowers, days to maturity in all the crosses and the trait days to accumulation of 25 flowers is positively correlated to days to maturity. Thus, the trait-days to accumulation of 25 flowers is the major selection factor for early maturity in groundnut.</div>

Development of Early Maturing Varieties in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

<div>Background: Black gram or urdbean is a self-pollinated short duration diploid grain legume packed with abundant nutrients and acts as a N2 fixer, fertility restorer agent by using as mulch or catch crop. But still the crop&rsquo;s value is limited due to many genetic as well as biotic and abiotic factors. Keeping this in regard, the present research was undertaken by estimating parent-progeny regression and inter-generation correlation coefficient and in turn attain narrow sense heritability values for the traits so as to determine and identify desirable and probable genotypes and their further improvement by selection in consecutive generations. 
 
Methods: The present research was aimed to ascertain the extent of narrow sense heritability through parent-progeny regression and inter-generation relationships between F2 and F3 generations for 11 quantitative traits in 14 crosses using randomised complete block design in the Experimental farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur (H.P.) during Kharif 2018 and 2019. 
 
Result: Regression and intergeneration analysis revealed that five crosses showed positive and significant values for days to 75% maturity, thereby meaning that plants selected in the F2 population had a significant positive association with that of F3 for this trait. Estimates of narrow sense heritability were recorded highest for biological yield and days to 75% maturity. Keeping the above parameters in consideration, it was concluded that days to 75% maturity and biological yield affirm the presence of additive variance which determined as a good transmission index of genetic potentials from parent of one generation to the progeny of other, while a high regression suggests low influence of environment along with large genetic effects. So, these can be prioritized as the prime traits and used as a reliable predictor for making effective selection and improvement of genotypes for enhancing yield in subsequent generations.</div>

Estimating Narrow Sense Heritability from Parent Progeny Regression and Inter-generation Correlation Coefficient Analysis for Yield and Component Characters in Segregating Lines of Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]