<div>This article describes the surgical management of uterine torsion by midline celiotomy for cesarean section in 11 mares presented with signs of colic at a teaching veterinary hospital. The mares were either in full term of gestation (n = 6) or in advanced stage of pregnancy (n = 5). Majority of the mares (44.5%) were in fourth parity. 78% cases of uterine torsion were post cervical and clockwise and (22%) cases were post cervical and anticlockwise. For surgical intervention, mares were anesthetized using a combination of xylazine (1.1 mg/kg) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg), intravenously and maintained on isoflurane inhalation anesthesia. Midline celiotomy was performed, and foals were delivered by cesarean section. Before closing the abdominal wound, the uterus was detorted manually and confirmed per-vaginally for its normal position. After long-term follow-up, the study reported 90.0% (10/11) survival rate out of which, seven were bred successfully.&nbsp;</div>


<div>Surgical management of uterine torsion through ventral celiotomy in eleven mares</div>


<div><strong>Background: </strong>Colic is one of the most common and challenging problem encountered by equine practitioners. In practise majority of horses suffering from colic can be treated with medical management but around 10% of horses with colic require surgical intervention in an effort to save the life of animal. In India, equine abdominal surgery is not popular because there is lack of infrastructure, manpower and expertise therefore, there is a need to conduct clinical studies to document outcome of equine colic cases managed surgically. The present report describes diagnostic, prognostic indicators and post-operative outcome of exploratory celiotomy performed to manage various cases of colic surgical outcome of colic surgery in Indian horse breeds.<br />
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<strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was conducted on 20 horses having intestinal colic (n=20). The affected patients were selected for exploratory celiotomy on an emergency basis having moderate to severe persistent abdominal pain, lack of response to medicinal treatment with absence of intestinal borborygmi. Preoperative physical assessment, biochemical analysis and peritoneal fluid analysis were done in all the clinical cases. The preoperative physical assessment and various blood parameter estimation helped in decision making.<br />
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<strong>Conclusion: </strong>The result of intestinal colic cases showed that mean heart rate and respiration rate (mean&plusmn;SE) were significantly higher in non-survivors&nbsp;as compared to survivors. Blood lactate level was significantly higher in non survivors than survivors. Large colon affectation (n=8) were the primary cause of the colic, followed by small colon (n=6), cecum (n=3) and small intestine (n=3). Postoperative complications were peritonitis and ileus (n=6), subcutaneous seroma (n=7), pyrexia (n=4), diarrhoea (n=6). Short term survivability in intestinal colic patients was 55% and long term survivability was 50%.</div>


Surgical management of uterine torsion through ventral celiotomy in eleven mares

Evaluation of Diagnostic, Prognostic Indicators and Surgical Outcome in 20 Cases Treated for Equine Intestinal Colic