Background: Plants within the same species vary in chemical composition. Phytochemicals serve as a source of novel therapeutic compounds owing to their structural variety and abundant availability. A. graecorum serves as an herb, fodder and alternative medicine source. The genus Coccidia, which is prevalent in rabbits, is a primary contributor to intestinal problems in traditional rabbit rearing. 
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Methods: An analysis was conducted on phytochemical composition in the extract of A. graecorum. The antioxidant activity of AG extract was evaluated in vitro through ABTS assays and the IC50&nbsp;values were established. In vitro antiparasitic activity was assessed using five different concentrations of AG extract. The inhibition of sporulated oocysts of the extract was assessed at 72 hours. 
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Result: The FT-IR test of the A. graecorum extract showed that it contained 13 different compounds. Also, the GC-MS analysis revealed approximately 9 principal biologically active compounds. The extract had strong antioxidant properties, with inhibition rates ranging from 88% to 10% at concentrations from 500 to 15.625 &mu;g/mL. The IC50 value was found to be 167.52 &mu;g/mL. The antiparasitic effects were tested in vitro and showed that oocysts were most of inhibition at concentrations of 50 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL and the reference drug.

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antiparasitic Activity of Extract of Alhagi graecorum Plant Used in Traditional Medicine: Collected in Saudi Arabia

<div style="text-align: justify;">Medicinal plants are of great interest in the field of biotechnology as most of the drug industries depend in part on plants for production of pharmaceutical compounds. Biological activities of the phyoconstituents in plants could be enhanced by manipulation of the culture conditions. In the present investigation leaves and nodal segments of Alhagi maurorum were cultured on MS medium with BAP, Kinetin, NAA and other adjuvants. MS medium with BAP (1.0 and 2.0 mg/l) alone and in combination with NAA (0.1 mg/l was good for initiation of calli and bud formation. BAP (2.0 and 5.0mg/l) with NAA(0.1mg/l) plus kinetin 0.25mg/l with ascorbic acid 50mg/l and adenine sulphate, citric acid and arginine 25mg/l &nbsp;each was found to be the best for bud proliferation and shoot multiplication. Best rooting was found on MS medium supplemented with IAA and IBA (0.5mg/ leach). &nbsp;Cultured materials at different growth phase were evaluated for their biochemical estimation of primary metabolites quantitatively. Maximum content of carbohydrates, total proteins and amino acids were noticed in leaves of field grown plants and shoots of regenerated plantlets. It is further concluded that Alhagi maurorum serve as a rich source of primary metabolites which can be used as raw materials in industry.&nbsp;</div>

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antiparasitic Activity of Extract of Alhagi graecorum Plant Used in Traditional Medicine: Collected in Saudi Arabia

A comparative biochemical evaluation of in vivo and in vitro propagated Alhagi maurorum: an important medicinal plant