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Research Article

Phosphorus Deficiency Induced Physiological and Antioxidant Response in Mungbean

B
Bana Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy
M
Muraleedhar S. Aski
H
Harsh Kumar Dikshit
G
Gyan Prakash Mishra
P
Prachi S. Yadav
N
Neha Rai
R
Renu Pandey
M
Madan Pal Singh

  • Submitted23-01-2021|

  • Accepted06-04-2022|

  • First Online 30-04-2022|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-4586

Cite article:- Reddy Prakash Ravi Venkata Bana, Aski S. Muraleedhar, Dikshit Kumar Harsh, Mishra Prakash Gyan, Yadav S. Prachi, Rai Neha, Pandey Renu, Singh Pal Madan (2025). Phosphorus Deficiency Induced Physiological and Antioxidant Response in Mungbean. Legume Research. (): . doi: 10.18805/LR-4586.

ABSTRACT

Background: Phosphorus (P) is the essential nutrient required for the growth and development of plants. P deficiency mainly leads to dark green foliage, alteration of root architectural traits and higher root to shoot ratio in plants. Further P deficiency results in enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby it leads to oxidative damage to plant cells. Plants have developed the mechanisms like production of antioxidants to overcome this effect. 
Methods: In the present study, 18 genotypes were evaluated under a hydroponic system with normal and low P levels. After 21 days, the seedlings were used for investigating the physiological and antioxidant activity response of genotypes under normal and low P condition. 
Result: The mean values of traits chlorophyll concentration, root dry weight, root to shoot ratio, H2O2, FRAP and DPPH were significantly higher under low P condition compared to normal P condition. The correlation and principal component analysis revealed that the traits RDW and TDW are major contributors to variation and could be used for P deficiency screening in mungbean. Based on major contributing traits of variation, the genotypes PUSA 1333 was identified as an efficient genotype and could be used in P use efficiency improvement in mungbean. 

REFERENCES


  1. AICRP on MULLaRP, Project Coordinators Report. (2018-19). ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research. Kanpur.

  2. Alam, M.N., Bristi, N.J. and Rafiquzzaman, M. (2013). Review on in vivo and in vitro methods evaluation of antioxidant activity. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 21: 143-152.

  3. Bargaz, A., Faghire, M., Farissi, M., Drevon, J.J. and Ghoulam, C. (2013). Oxidative stress in the root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris is induced under conditions of phosphorus deficiency. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 35: 1633-1644.

  4. Bilal, H.M., Aziz, T., Maqsood, M.A., Farooq, M. and Yan, G. (2018). Categorization of wheat genotypes for phosphorus efficiency. PloS One.13(10).

  5. Blokhina, O., Virolainen, E. and Fagerstedt, K.V. (2003). Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review. Annals of Botany. 91(2): 179-194.

  6. Chen, S., Zhao, H., Ding, G. and Xu, F. (2015). Genotypic differences in antioxidant response to phosphorus deficiency in Brassica napus. Plant and Soil. 391: 19-32.

  7. Cruz de Carvalho, M.H. (2008). Drought stress and reactive oxygenspecies. Plant Signaling and Behavior. 3(3): 156-165. 

  8. Devi, J., Sanwal, S.K., Koley, T.K., Mishra, G.P., Karmakar, P., Singh, P.M. and Singh. (2019). Variations in the total phenolics and antioxidant activities among gardenpea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes differing for maturity duration, seed and flower traits and their association with the yield. Scientia Horticulturae. 244: 141-150.

  9. Gulles, A.A., Bartolome, V.I., Morantte, R.I.Z.A. and Nora, L.A. (2014). Randomization and analysis of data using STAR (Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research). Philippine Journal of Crop Science. 39 (1): 137.

  10. Guo, X., Li, T., Tang, K. and Liu, R.H. (2012). Effect of germination on phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of mung bean sprouts (Vigna radiata). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 60(44): 11050-11055.

  11. Kakiuchi, J. and Kamiji, Y. (2015). Relationship between phosphorus accumulation anddrymatter production in soybeans. Plant Production Science. 18(3): 344-355.

  12. Kim, H. J. and Li, X. (2016). Effects of phosphorus on shoot and root growth, partitioning and phosphorus utilization efficiency in Lantana. HortScience. 51(8): 1001-1009.

  13. Koleska, I., Hasanagic, D., Todorovic, V., SenadMurtic, S., Klokic, I., Paraðikovic, N. and Kukavica, B. (2017). Biostimulant prevents yield loss and reduces oxidative damage in tomato plants grown onreduced NPK nutrition. Journal of Plant Interactions. 12(1): 209-218.

  14. Li, J., Xie, Y., Dai, A., Liu, L. and Li, Z. (2009). Root and shoot traits responses to phosphorus deficiency and QTL analysis at seedling stage using introgression lines of rice. Journal of Genetics and Genomics. 36(3): 173-183.

  15. Loreto, F. and Velikova, V. (2001). Isoprene produced by leaves protects the photosynthetic apparatus against ozone damage, quenches ozone products and reduces lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes. Plant Physiology. 127: 1781-1787.

  16. Murphy, J. and Riley J.P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. AnalyticaChimica Act. 27: 31-36.

  17. Nair, R.M., Pandey, A.K., War, A.R., Hanumantharao, B., Shwe, T., Alam, A.K.M.M., Pratap, A., Malik, S.R., Karimi, R., Mbeyagala, E.K., Douglas, C.A., Rane, J. and Schafleitner, R. (2019). Biotic and Abiotic Constraints in Mungbean Production-Progress in Genetic Improvement. Frontiers in Plant Science. 10: 1340.

  18. Pandey, R. (2015). Mineral nutrition of plants. In Plant Biology and Biotechnology. 499-538.

  19. Pandey, R., Meena, S.K., Krishnapriya. V., Ahmad, A. and Kishora, N. (2014). Root carboxylate exudation capacity under phosphorus stress does not improve grain yield in green gram. Plant Cell Reports. 33: 919-928.

  20. Pearse, S.J., Veneklaas, E.J., Cawthray, G., Bolland, M.D. and Lambers, H. (2006). Triticumaestivum shows a greater biomass response to a supply of aluminium phosphate than Lupinusalbus, despite releasing fewer carboxylates into the rhizosphere. New Phytologist. 169(3): 515-524.

  21. Reddy, V.R.P., Aski, M., Mishra, G.P., Dikshit, H.K., Singh, A., Pandey, R., Pal, M., Gayacharan.,Priti. andRai, N. (2020). Genetic variation for root architectural traits in response to phosphorus deficiency in mungbean at the seedling stage. PloS One. 15(6).

  22. Sadeghipour, O., Monem, R. and Tajali, A.A. (2010). Production of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) as affected by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application. Journal of Applied Sciences. 10(10): 843-847.

  23. Shen, J., Yuan, L., Zhang, J., Li, H., Bai, Z., Chen, X., Zhang, W. and Zhang, F. (2011). Phosphorus dynamics: from soil to plant. Plant Physiology. 156(3): 997-1005.

  24. Silva, D.A.D., Esteves, J.A.D.F., Gonçalves, J.G.R., Azevedo, C.V.G., Ribeiro, T., Chiorato, A.F. and Carbonell, S.A.M. (2016). Evaluation of common bean genotypes for phosphorus use efficiency in Eutrophic Oxisol. Bragantia.  75(2): 152-163.

  25. Sivasakthi, K., Tharanya, M., Kholova, J., Wangari Muriuki, R., Thirunalasundari, T. and Vadez, V. (2017). Chickpea genotypes contrasting for vigor and canopy conductance also differ in their dependence on different water transport pathways. Frontiers in Plant Science. 8: 1663.

  26. Tewari, R.K., Kumar, P., Tewari, N., Srivastava, S. and Sharma, P.N. (2004). Macronutrient deficiencies and differential antioxidantresponses - influence on the activity and expression of superoxidedismutase in maize. Plant Science. 166: 687-694.

  27. Veronica, N., Subrahmanyam, D., Vishnu Kiran, T., Yugandhar, P., Bhadana, V.P., Padma, V., Jayasree, G. and Voleti, S.R. (2016). Influence of low phosphorus concentration on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant response of rice genotypes. Photosynthetica. 54: 1-10. 

  28. Wang, Q. J., Yuan, Y., Liao, Z., Jiang, Y., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Gao, S., Wu, F., Li, M., Xie, W., Liu, T., Xu, J., Liu, Y., Feng, X. and Lu, Y. (2019). Genome-Wide Association Study of 13 Traits in Maize Seedlings under Low Phosphorus Stress. The Plant Genome. 12(3).

  29. Wissuwa, M., Kondo, K., Fukuda, T., Mori, A., Rose, M.T., Pariasca- Tanaka, J., Kretzschmar, T., Haefele, S.M. and Rose, T.J. (2015). Unmasking novel loci for internal phosphorus utilization efficiency in rice germplasm through genome- wide association analysis. PloS One. 10(4).

  30. Wong, S.P., Lai, P.L. and Jen, H.W.K. (2006). Antioxidant activites of aqueous extracts of selected plants. Food Chemistry.  99: 775-783.

  31. Xiang-wen, P.A.N., Wen-bin, L.I., Qiu-ying, Z., Yan-hua, L.I. and Ming-shan, L.I.U. (2008). Assessment on phosphorus efficiency characteristics of soybean genotypes in phosphorus-deficient soils. Agricultural Sciences in China. 7(8): 958-969.

  32. Yao, Q.L., Yang, K.C., Pan, G.T. and Rong, T.Z. (2007). The effects of low phosphorusstress on morphological and physiological characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.) landraces. Agricultural Sciences in China. 6: 559-566.

  33. Yuan, Y., Gao, M., Zhang, M., Zheng, H., Zhou, X., Guo, Y., Zhao, Y., Kong, F. and Li, S. (2017). QTL mapping for phosphorus efficiency and morphological traits at seedling and maturity stages in wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science. 8: 614.
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    Research Article

    Phosphorus Deficiency Induced Physiological and Antioxidant Response in Mungbean

    B
    Bana Venkata Ravi Prakash Reddy
    M
    Muraleedhar S. Aski
    H
    Harsh Kumar Dikshit
    G
    Gyan Prakash Mishra
    P
    Prachi S. Yadav
    N
    Neha Rai
    R
    Renu Pandey
    M
    Madan Pal Singh

    • Submitted23-01-2021|

    • Accepted06-04-2022|

    • First Online 30-04-2022|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-4586

    Cite article:- Reddy Prakash Ravi Venkata Bana, Aski S. Muraleedhar, Dikshit Kumar Harsh, Mishra Prakash Gyan, Yadav S. Prachi, Rai Neha, Pandey Renu, Singh Pal Madan (2025). Phosphorus Deficiency Induced Physiological and Antioxidant Response in Mungbean. Legume Research. (): . doi: 10.18805/LR-4586.

    ABSTRACT

    Background: Phosphorus (P) is the essential nutrient required for the growth and development of plants. P deficiency mainly leads to dark green foliage, alteration of root architectural traits and higher root to shoot ratio in plants. Further P deficiency results in enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby it leads to oxidative damage to plant cells. Plants have developed the mechanisms like production of antioxidants to overcome this effect. 
    Methods: In the present study, 18 genotypes were evaluated under a hydroponic system with normal and low P levels. After 21 days, the seedlings were used for investigating the physiological and antioxidant activity response of genotypes under normal and low P condition. 
    Result: The mean values of traits chlorophyll concentration, root dry weight, root to shoot ratio, H2O2, FRAP and DPPH were significantly higher under low P condition compared to normal P condition. The correlation and principal component analysis revealed that the traits RDW and TDW are major contributors to variation and could be used for P deficiency screening in mungbean. Based on major contributing traits of variation, the genotypes PUSA 1333 was identified as an efficient genotype and could be used in P use efficiency improvement in mungbean. 

    REFERENCES


    1. AICRP on MULLaRP, Project Coordinators Report. (2018-19). ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research. Kanpur.

    2. Alam, M.N., Bristi, N.J. and Rafiquzzaman, M. (2013). Review on in vivo and in vitro methods evaluation of antioxidant activity. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 21: 143-152.

    3. Bargaz, A., Faghire, M., Farissi, M., Drevon, J.J. and Ghoulam, C. (2013). Oxidative stress in the root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris is induced under conditions of phosphorus deficiency. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 35: 1633-1644.

    4. Bilal, H.M., Aziz, T., Maqsood, M.A., Farooq, M. and Yan, G. (2018). Categorization of wheat genotypes for phosphorus efficiency. PloS One.13(10).

    5. Blokhina, O., Virolainen, E. and Fagerstedt, K.V. (2003). Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review. Annals of Botany. 91(2): 179-194.

    6. Chen, S., Zhao, H., Ding, G. and Xu, F. (2015). Genotypic differences in antioxidant response to phosphorus deficiency in Brassica napus. Plant and Soil. 391: 19-32.

    7. Cruz de Carvalho, M.H. (2008). Drought stress and reactive oxygenspecies. Plant Signaling and Behavior. 3(3): 156-165. 

    8. Devi, J., Sanwal, S.K., Koley, T.K., Mishra, G.P., Karmakar, P., Singh, P.M. and Singh. (2019). Variations in the total phenolics and antioxidant activities among gardenpea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes differing for maturity duration, seed and flower traits and their association with the yield. Scientia Horticulturae. 244: 141-150.

    9. Gulles, A.A., Bartolome, V.I., Morantte, R.I.Z.A. and Nora, L.A. (2014). Randomization and analysis of data using STAR (Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research). Philippine Journal of Crop Science. 39 (1): 137.

    10. Guo, X., Li, T., Tang, K. and Liu, R.H. (2012). Effect of germination on phytochemical profiles and antioxidant activity of mung bean sprouts (Vigna radiata). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 60(44): 11050-11055.

    11. Kakiuchi, J. and Kamiji, Y. (2015). Relationship between phosphorus accumulation anddrymatter production in soybeans. Plant Production Science. 18(3): 344-355.

    12. Kim, H. J. and Li, X. (2016). Effects of phosphorus on shoot and root growth, partitioning and phosphorus utilization efficiency in Lantana. HortScience. 51(8): 1001-1009.

    13. Koleska, I., Hasanagic, D., Todorovic, V., SenadMurtic, S., Klokic, I., Paraðikovic, N. and Kukavica, B. (2017). Biostimulant prevents yield loss and reduces oxidative damage in tomato plants grown onreduced NPK nutrition. Journal of Plant Interactions. 12(1): 209-218.

    14. Li, J., Xie, Y., Dai, A., Liu, L. and Li, Z. (2009). Root and shoot traits responses to phosphorus deficiency and QTL analysis at seedling stage using introgression lines of rice. Journal of Genetics and Genomics. 36(3): 173-183.

    15. Loreto, F. and Velikova, V. (2001). Isoprene produced by leaves protects the photosynthetic apparatus against ozone damage, quenches ozone products and reduces lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes. Plant Physiology. 127: 1781-1787.

    16. Murphy, J. and Riley J.P. (1962). A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. AnalyticaChimica Act. 27: 31-36.

    17. Nair, R.M., Pandey, A.K., War, A.R., Hanumantharao, B., Shwe, T., Alam, A.K.M.M., Pratap, A., Malik, S.R., Karimi, R., Mbeyagala, E.K., Douglas, C.A., Rane, J. and Schafleitner, R. (2019). Biotic and Abiotic Constraints in Mungbean Production-Progress in Genetic Improvement. Frontiers in Plant Science. 10: 1340.

    18. Pandey, R. (2015). Mineral nutrition of plants. In Plant Biology and Biotechnology. 499-538.

    19. Pandey, R., Meena, S.K., Krishnapriya. V., Ahmad, A. and Kishora, N. (2014). Root carboxylate exudation capacity under phosphorus stress does not improve grain yield in green gram. Plant Cell Reports. 33: 919-928.

    20. Pearse, S.J., Veneklaas, E.J., Cawthray, G., Bolland, M.D. and Lambers, H. (2006). Triticumaestivum shows a greater biomass response to a supply of aluminium phosphate than Lupinusalbus, despite releasing fewer carboxylates into the rhizosphere. New Phytologist. 169(3): 515-524.

    21. Reddy, V.R.P., Aski, M., Mishra, G.P., Dikshit, H.K., Singh, A., Pandey, R., Pal, M., Gayacharan.,Priti. andRai, N. (2020). Genetic variation for root architectural traits in response to phosphorus deficiency in mungbean at the seedling stage. PloS One. 15(6).

    22. Sadeghipour, O., Monem, R. and Tajali, A.A. (2010). Production of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) as affected by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application. Journal of Applied Sciences. 10(10): 843-847.

    23. Shen, J., Yuan, L., Zhang, J., Li, H., Bai, Z., Chen, X., Zhang, W. and Zhang, F. (2011). Phosphorus dynamics: from soil to plant. Plant Physiology. 156(3): 997-1005.

    24. Silva, D.A.D., Esteves, J.A.D.F., Gonçalves, J.G.R., Azevedo, C.V.G., Ribeiro, T., Chiorato, A.F. and Carbonell, S.A.M. (2016). Evaluation of common bean genotypes for phosphorus use efficiency in Eutrophic Oxisol. Bragantia.  75(2): 152-163.

    25. Sivasakthi, K., Tharanya, M., Kholova, J., Wangari Muriuki, R., Thirunalasundari, T. and Vadez, V. (2017). Chickpea genotypes contrasting for vigor and canopy conductance also differ in their dependence on different water transport pathways. Frontiers in Plant Science. 8: 1663.

    26. Tewari, R.K., Kumar, P., Tewari, N., Srivastava, S. and Sharma, P.N. (2004). Macronutrient deficiencies and differential antioxidantresponses - influence on the activity and expression of superoxidedismutase in maize. Plant Science. 166: 687-694.

    27. Veronica, N., Subrahmanyam, D., Vishnu Kiran, T., Yugandhar, P., Bhadana, V.P., Padma, V., Jayasree, G. and Voleti, S.R. (2016). Influence of low phosphorus concentration on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant response of rice genotypes. Photosynthetica. 54: 1-10. 

    28. Wang, Q. J., Yuan, Y., Liao, Z., Jiang, Y., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Gao, S., Wu, F., Li, M., Xie, W., Liu, T., Xu, J., Liu, Y., Feng, X. and Lu, Y. (2019). Genome-Wide Association Study of 13 Traits in Maize Seedlings under Low Phosphorus Stress. The Plant Genome. 12(3).

    29. Wissuwa, M., Kondo, K., Fukuda, T., Mori, A., Rose, M.T., Pariasca- Tanaka, J., Kretzschmar, T., Haefele, S.M. and Rose, T.J. (2015). Unmasking novel loci for internal phosphorus utilization efficiency in rice germplasm through genome- wide association analysis. PloS One. 10(4).

    30. Wong, S.P., Lai, P.L. and Jen, H.W.K. (2006). Antioxidant activites of aqueous extracts of selected plants. Food Chemistry.  99: 775-783.

    31. Xiang-wen, P.A.N., Wen-bin, L.I., Qiu-ying, Z., Yan-hua, L.I. and Ming-shan, L.I.U. (2008). Assessment on phosphorus efficiency characteristics of soybean genotypes in phosphorus-deficient soils. Agricultural Sciences in China. 7(8): 958-969.

    32. Yao, Q.L., Yang, K.C., Pan, G.T. and Rong, T.Z. (2007). The effects of low phosphorusstress on morphological and physiological characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.) landraces. Agricultural Sciences in China. 6: 559-566.

    33. Yuan, Y., Gao, M., Zhang, M., Zheng, H., Zhou, X., Guo, Y., Zhao, Y., Kong, F. and Li, S. (2017). QTL mapping for phosphorus efficiency and morphological traits at seedling and maturity stages in wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science. 8: 614.
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