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Legume Research

Study of Genetic Divergence for Yield and Quality Traits in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

DOI: 10.18805/LR-4297    | Article Id: LR-4297 | Page : 410-414
Citation :- Study of Genetic Divergence for Yield and Quality Traits in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.].Legume Research.2022.(45):410-414
Sanjeev Vaggar, Udit Kumar, K. Prasad, L.M. Yadav, Pramila, B.M. Sinha udithort@gmail.com
Address : Department of Horticulture, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa-848 125, Bihar, India.
Submitted Date : 10-12-2019
Accepted Date : 15-04-2020
First Online:

Abstract

Background: The genetic divergence analysis was done using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. The mean intra-cluster and inter-cluster D2 values are compared for drawing conclusions on superiority of cowpea genotypes for various plant yield and quality attributes.
Methods: In the field of Vegetable Research Farm of Department of Horticulture, RPCAU, Pusa, Indiaduring 2018-19 (Rainy season) thirty-three cowpea genotypes were taken for genetic divergence analysis. The genotypes exhibited marked divergence and thus grouped into clusters following Tocher’s method of clustering. The mean intra-cluster and inter-cluster D2 values among the clusters were compared for their superiority of yield and quality attributes. 
Result: All the selected genotypes displayed marked divergence. Among the five clusters, cluster I consisted eight, cluster II had three, cluster III had eleven, cluster IV had nine and cluster V had two genotypes. The clustering pattern had no parallelism between genetic diversity and geographical distribution, suggesting that the selection of parental genotypes for hybridization will be more appropriate based on genetic diversity. The intra-cluster D2 values ranged from 0.00 in cluster II, cluster III, cluster IV and cluster V to 16.12 in cluster I. The inter-cluster D2 values revealed that highest inter-cluster generalized distance (44.50) was between cluster V and cluster III, while it was the lowest (20.12) between cluster II and cluster I. From this study it can be concluded that for selection and heterotic recombinants emphasis may be given to attributes such as seed germination percentage, peduncle length and average pod weight to enhance the yield of cowpea. Similarly, with respect to the clusters for obtaining the heterotic recombinants, genotypes placed in cluster V, cluster II and cluster III may be used in the crossing program. 

Keywords

Clusters Cowpea Divergence Genotype Mahalanobis D2

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