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Research Article

volume 42 issue 3 (june 2019) : 375-378,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-426

Effect of seed coating on germination of Ciliate Medick [Medicago ciliaris (L.) All.] and Snail Medick [Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill.]

B
B. Kir
1<div style="text-align: justify;">Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir-35100, Turkey.</div>

  • Submitted01-05-2018|

  • Accepted19-12-2018|

  • First Online 13-03-2019|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-426

Cite article:- Kir B. (2019). Effect of seed coating on germination of Ciliate Medick [Medicago ciliaris (L.) All.] and Snail Medick [Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill.]. Legume Research. 42(3): 375-378. doi: 10.18805/LR-426.

ABSTRACT

A study was conducted in the Seed Technology Laboratory of Department of Field Crops, Pasture and Forage Crops Section, Faculty of Agriculture of Ege University, Turkey. Aim of the study was to remove the seed coat hardness by various treatments of Ciliate and Snail Medick to enhance germination which is significant in terms of agronomical handicaps of sowing small seeded legumes under field conditions. Pre-sowing seed treatments (Control, scarification by sandpaper, acid treatment with 95.0-98.0% H2SO4 for 5-10-15 minutes and soaking in water for 24-48 hours) were practiced on these small seeded legumes. All observations and tests were conducted following ISTA regulations and notifications. Germination of tested seeds highly increased by acid treatment for 10-15 minutes duration, while scarification treatment provided favorable germination rates.

REFERENCES

  1. Acikgoz, N., Ilker, E., Gokcol, A. (2004). Assessment of biological research on the computer. Ege University TOTEM, Izmir.
  2. Argel, P.J. and Paton, C.J. (1999). Overcoming legume hardseededness. In: Forage Seed production vol. 2: Tropical and Sub-Tropical Species (eds. D.S. Loch and J.E. Ferguson), CABI Publishing, NewYork. pp. 247-266.
  3. Altinok, S., Karadag, Y., Parlak, A.O., Kýr, B. (2009). Annual medick species, Forage Legumes, (eds. R. Avcioglu, R. Hatipoglu and Y. Karadag), vol. 2, pp. 317-333, Emre Printing, Konak, Ýzmir, TURKEY. [In Turkish].
  4. Avcioglu, R. and Soya, H. (2005). Seed production technique., Seed Science and Technology, (eds. B. Eser, H. Saygili, A. Gokcol and E. Ilker), vol. 1 Project of Recruiting Unemployed Agricultural Engineers to Seed Sector, META Printing, Bornova, TURKEY. pp. 221-229, [In Turkish].
  5. Balouchi, H.R. and Sanavy, S.A.M.M. (2006). Effect of gibberellic acid, prechilling, sulfuric acid and potassium nitrate on seed germination and dormancy of annual Medics, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 9: 2875-2880.
  6. Can, E., Celiktas, N. Hatipoglu R., Avci, S. (2009). Breaking seed dormancy of some annual Medicago and Trifolium species by different treatments, Turkish Journal of Field Crops 14(2): 72- 78.
  7. Cevheri, A.C. and Kucuk, C. (2016). Alleviation of salt stress by bacteria on seed germination of Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack), Jökull Journal, 66, (4): 67-73.
  8. Crawford, E. J., Lake, A.W. H., Boyce, K.G. (1989). Breeding annual Medicago species for semiarid conditions in Southern Australia, Advances in Agronomy, 42: 399-437.
  9. De Souza, F.H.D. and Filho, J.M. (2001). The seed coat as a modulator of seed environment relationships in Fabaceae. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 24(4): 365-375. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84042001000400002.
  10. Demiroglu Topcu, G., Celen, A.E., Kuru, E., Ozkan, S.S. (2016). A study on the effects of different NaCl concentrations on germination and early growing stage of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium). Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 25 (Special issue-2): 219-224. [In Turkish].
  11. Demiroglu Topcu, G. and Ozkan, S.S. (2016). Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.). Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, 30, (Special Issue): 406-409.
  12. El-Siddig, K., Ebert, G., Roberts, E.H. (2001). A comparison of pre-treatment methods for scarification and germination of Tamarindus indica L. seeds, Seed Science and Technology, 2: 271-274.
  13. Fu, S. M., Hampton, J.G., Hill, M. J., Hill, K.A. (1996). Breaking hard seed of yellow and slender serradella (Ornithopus compressus and Ornithopus pinnatus) by sulphuric acid scarification, Seed Science and Technology, 24: 1-6.
  14. Galussi, A.A., Arguello, J.A. Moya, M.E., Zuriaga, F.D., Zimmermann, L.R. (2013). Seed dormancy mechanism as a factor influencing seed physiological quality in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cv. Baralfa 85, Seed Science and Technology, 41: 50-59.
  15. Gowda, B., Naik, A.K., Mathad, C., Ganiger, B.S., Lokesh, G.Y., Raghu, B.N. (2018). An improved method of seed germination testing in Kabuli chickpea. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(4): 456-459. DOI: 10.18805/IJARe.A-4879
  16. Hamidi, H. and Safarnejad, A. (2010). Effect of drought stress on alfalfa cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) in germination stage, American-    Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 8(6): 705-709.
  17. Ilbi, H. and Geren, H. (2005). Basic principles of seed storage, Seed Science and Technology, (eds. B. Eser, H. Saygili, A. Gokcol and E. Ilker), vol. 1 Project of Recruiting Unemployed Agricultural Engineers to Seed Sector, pp. 381-425, META printing, Bornova, TURKEY. [In Turkish].
  18. ISTA (2014). International Rules for Seed Testing, International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf, Switzerland.
  19. Koornneef, M., Bentsink, L., Hilhorst, H. (2002). Seed dormancy and germination, Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 5(1): 33-36. DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5266(01)00219-9.
  20. Kumar, A., Puniya, R.C., Bhuker, A., Sharma, R., Devi, R. (2017). Seed quality as influenced by seed invigoration treatments in pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.], Legume Research-An International Journal, 40(5): 924-928. DOI:10.18805/    lr.v0iOF.9108.
  21. Lesins, K.A. and Lesins, I. (1979). Genus Medicago (leguminosae) A Taxogenetic Study, La Haye, London, 154-171, 196-211.
  22. Martin, I. and De La Cuadra, C. (2004). Evaluation of different scarification methods to remove hardseededness in Trifolium subterraneum and M. polymorpha accessions of the Spanish base genebank, Seed Science and Technology, 32: 671-681. DOI: 10.15258/    sst.2004.32.3.03.
  23. Olmez, Z., Gokturk, A., Temel, F. (2007). Effects of cold stratification, sulphuric acid, submersion in hot and tap water pre-treatments on germination of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss. &Huet.) seeds, Seed Science and Technology, 35: 266-271. DOI: 10.15258/sst.2007.35.2.02.
  24. Pandita, V.K., Nagarajan, S., Sharma, D. (1999). Reducing hard seededness in fenugreek by scarification technique, Seed Science and Technology, 27: 627-631.
  25. Phipps, R.H. (1973). Methods of increasing the germination percentage of some tropical legumes, Tropical Agriculture, 50: 291-296.
  26. Raja, K. (2018). Seed treatments for vigorous seedling establishment and improved seed yield of blackgram under rice fallow condition. Legume Research-An International Journal, 41(1): 120-125. DOI: 10.18805/LR-3689.
  27. Ramdeo, K.D. (1971). Studies on seed coat dormancy in Leucaena glauca Benth. Japanese Journal of Ecologhy, 21: 14-17. DOI: 10.18960/seitai.21.1-2_14.
  28. Sathiya Narayanan, G. Prakash, M., Reka, M. (2016). Influence of seed hardening treatments on growth, gas exchange and yield parameters in black gram under drought condition. Legume Research: An International Journal, 39(2): 248-255. DOI:10.18805/lr.v0iOF.7480.
  29. Sehirali, S. (1997). Germination stimulant applications, Seed and Technology, (ed. S. Sehirali), Ankara Üniversity Press, Ankara. [In Turkish].
  30. Sivakumar, R. and Nandhitha, G.K. (2017). Impact of PGRS and nutrients pre-soaking on seed germination and seedling characters of mung bean under salt stress, Legume Research-An International Journal, 40(1): 125-131. DOI:10.18805/lr.v0iOF.11301
  31. Tomer, R. and Maguire, J.D. (1989). Hard seed studies in alfalfa. Seed Researches, 17: 29-31.
  32. Tomer, R.P. S. and Singh, K. (1993). Hard seed studies in rice bean (Vigna umbellata), Seed Science and Technology, 21: 679-683.
  33. Uzun, F. and Aydin, I. (2004). Improving germination rate of Medicago and Trifolium species, Asian Journal of Plant Sciences,3(6): 714-717.
  34. Walsh, M.J. Delaney, R.H. Groose, R.W., Krall, J.M. (2001). Performance of annual medic species (Medicago spp.) in southeastern Wyoming. Agronomy Journal, 93(6): 1249-1256. DOI: 10.2134/agronj2001.1249.
  35. Wang, Y.R., He, X.Q., Hanson, J., Mariam, Y.W. (2011) Breaking hard seed dormancy in diverse accessions of five wild Vigna species by hot water and mechanical scarification, Seed Science and Technology, 39(1): 12-20. DOI: 10.15258/sst.2011.39.1.02. 
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 3 (june 2019) : 375-378,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-426

    Effect of seed coating on germination of Ciliate Medick [Medicago ciliaris (L.) All.] and Snail Medick [Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill.]

    B
    B. Kir
    1<div style="text-align: justify;">Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir-35100, Turkey.</div>

    • Submitted01-05-2018|

    • Accepted19-12-2018|

    • First Online 13-03-2019|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-426

    Cite article:- Kir B. (2019). Effect of seed coating on germination of Ciliate Medick [Medicago ciliaris (L.) All.] and Snail Medick [Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill.]. Legume Research. 42(3): 375-378. doi: 10.18805/LR-426.

    ABSTRACT

    A study was conducted in the Seed Technology Laboratory of Department of Field Crops, Pasture and Forage Crops Section, Faculty of Agriculture of Ege University, Turkey. Aim of the study was to remove the seed coat hardness by various treatments of Ciliate and Snail Medick to enhance germination which is significant in terms of agronomical handicaps of sowing small seeded legumes under field conditions. Pre-sowing seed treatments (Control, scarification by sandpaper, acid treatment with 95.0-98.0% H2SO4 for 5-10-15 minutes and soaking in water for 24-48 hours) were practiced on these small seeded legumes. All observations and tests were conducted following ISTA regulations and notifications. Germination of tested seeds highly increased by acid treatment for 10-15 minutes duration, while scarification treatment provided favorable germination rates.

    REFERENCES

    1. Acikgoz, N., Ilker, E., Gokcol, A. (2004). Assessment of biological research on the computer. Ege University TOTEM, Izmir.
    2. Argel, P.J. and Paton, C.J. (1999). Overcoming legume hardseededness. In: Forage Seed production vol. 2: Tropical and Sub-Tropical Species (eds. D.S. Loch and J.E. Ferguson), CABI Publishing, NewYork. pp. 247-266.
    3. Altinok, S., Karadag, Y., Parlak, A.O., Kýr, B. (2009). Annual medick species, Forage Legumes, (eds. R. Avcioglu, R. Hatipoglu and Y. Karadag), vol. 2, pp. 317-333, Emre Printing, Konak, Ýzmir, TURKEY. [In Turkish].
    4. Avcioglu, R. and Soya, H. (2005). Seed production technique., Seed Science and Technology, (eds. B. Eser, H. Saygili, A. Gokcol and E. Ilker), vol. 1 Project of Recruiting Unemployed Agricultural Engineers to Seed Sector, META Printing, Bornova, TURKEY. pp. 221-229, [In Turkish].
    5. Balouchi, H.R. and Sanavy, S.A.M.M. (2006). Effect of gibberellic acid, prechilling, sulfuric acid and potassium nitrate on seed germination and dormancy of annual Medics, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 9: 2875-2880.
    6. Can, E., Celiktas, N. Hatipoglu R., Avci, S. (2009). Breaking seed dormancy of some annual Medicago and Trifolium species by different treatments, Turkish Journal of Field Crops 14(2): 72- 78.
    7. Cevheri, A.C. and Kucuk, C. (2016). Alleviation of salt stress by bacteria on seed germination of Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack), Jökull Journal, 66, (4): 67-73.
    8. Crawford, E. J., Lake, A.W. H., Boyce, K.G. (1989). Breeding annual Medicago species for semiarid conditions in Southern Australia, Advances in Agronomy, 42: 399-437.
    9. De Souza, F.H.D. and Filho, J.M. (2001). The seed coat as a modulator of seed environment relationships in Fabaceae. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 24(4): 365-375. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-84042001000400002.
    10. Demiroglu Topcu, G., Celen, A.E., Kuru, E., Ozkan, S.S. (2016). A study on the effects of different NaCl concentrations on germination and early growing stage of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium). Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 25 (Special issue-2): 219-224. [In Turkish].
    11. Demiroglu Topcu, G. and Ozkan, S.S. (2016). Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.). Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, 30, (Special Issue): 406-409.
    12. El-Siddig, K., Ebert, G., Roberts, E.H. (2001). A comparison of pre-treatment methods for scarification and germination of Tamarindus indica L. seeds, Seed Science and Technology, 2: 271-274.
    13. Fu, S. M., Hampton, J.G., Hill, M. J., Hill, K.A. (1996). Breaking hard seed of yellow and slender serradella (Ornithopus compressus and Ornithopus pinnatus) by sulphuric acid scarification, Seed Science and Technology, 24: 1-6.
    14. Galussi, A.A., Arguello, J.A. Moya, M.E., Zuriaga, F.D., Zimmermann, L.R. (2013). Seed dormancy mechanism as a factor influencing seed physiological quality in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cv. Baralfa 85, Seed Science and Technology, 41: 50-59.
    15. Gowda, B., Naik, A.K., Mathad, C., Ganiger, B.S., Lokesh, G.Y., Raghu, B.N. (2018). An improved method of seed germination testing in Kabuli chickpea. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 52(4): 456-459. DOI: 10.18805/IJARe.A-4879
    16. Hamidi, H. and Safarnejad, A. (2010). Effect of drought stress on alfalfa cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) in germination stage, American-    Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 8(6): 705-709.
    17. Ilbi, H. and Geren, H. (2005). Basic principles of seed storage, Seed Science and Technology, (eds. B. Eser, H. Saygili, A. Gokcol and E. Ilker), vol. 1 Project of Recruiting Unemployed Agricultural Engineers to Seed Sector, pp. 381-425, META printing, Bornova, TURKEY. [In Turkish].
    18. ISTA (2014). International Rules for Seed Testing, International Seed Testing Association, Bassersdorf, Switzerland.
    19. Koornneef, M., Bentsink, L., Hilhorst, H. (2002). Seed dormancy and germination, Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 5(1): 33-36. DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5266(01)00219-9.
    20. Kumar, A., Puniya, R.C., Bhuker, A., Sharma, R., Devi, R. (2017). Seed quality as influenced by seed invigoration treatments in pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.], Legume Research-An International Journal, 40(5): 924-928. DOI:10.18805/    lr.v0iOF.9108.
    21. Lesins, K.A. and Lesins, I. (1979). Genus Medicago (leguminosae) A Taxogenetic Study, La Haye, London, 154-171, 196-211.
    22. Martin, I. and De La Cuadra, C. (2004). Evaluation of different scarification methods to remove hardseededness in Trifolium subterraneum and M. polymorpha accessions of the Spanish base genebank, Seed Science and Technology, 32: 671-681. DOI: 10.15258/    sst.2004.32.3.03.
    23. Olmez, Z., Gokturk, A., Temel, F. (2007). Effects of cold stratification, sulphuric acid, submersion in hot and tap water pre-treatments on germination of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss. &Huet.) seeds, Seed Science and Technology, 35: 266-271. DOI: 10.15258/sst.2007.35.2.02.
    24. Pandita, V.K., Nagarajan, S., Sharma, D. (1999). Reducing hard seededness in fenugreek by scarification technique, Seed Science and Technology, 27: 627-631.
    25. Phipps, R.H. (1973). Methods of increasing the germination percentage of some tropical legumes, Tropical Agriculture, 50: 291-296.
    26. Raja, K. (2018). Seed treatments for vigorous seedling establishment and improved seed yield of blackgram under rice fallow condition. Legume Research-An International Journal, 41(1): 120-125. DOI: 10.18805/LR-3689.
    27. Ramdeo, K.D. (1971). Studies on seed coat dormancy in Leucaena glauca Benth. Japanese Journal of Ecologhy, 21: 14-17. DOI: 10.18960/seitai.21.1-2_14.
    28. Sathiya Narayanan, G. Prakash, M., Reka, M. (2016). Influence of seed hardening treatments on growth, gas exchange and yield parameters in black gram under drought condition. Legume Research: An International Journal, 39(2): 248-255. DOI:10.18805/lr.v0iOF.7480.
    29. Sehirali, S. (1997). Germination stimulant applications, Seed and Technology, (ed. S. Sehirali), Ankara Üniversity Press, Ankara. [In Turkish].
    30. Sivakumar, R. and Nandhitha, G.K. (2017). Impact of PGRS and nutrients pre-soaking on seed germination and seedling characters of mung bean under salt stress, Legume Research-An International Journal, 40(1): 125-131. DOI:10.18805/lr.v0iOF.11301
    31. Tomer, R. and Maguire, J.D. (1989). Hard seed studies in alfalfa. Seed Researches, 17: 29-31.
    32. Tomer, R.P. S. and Singh, K. (1993). Hard seed studies in rice bean (Vigna umbellata), Seed Science and Technology, 21: 679-683.
    33. Uzun, F. and Aydin, I. (2004). Improving germination rate of Medicago and Trifolium species, Asian Journal of Plant Sciences,3(6): 714-717.
    34. Walsh, M.J. Delaney, R.H. Groose, R.W., Krall, J.M. (2001). Performance of annual medic species (Medicago spp.) in southeastern Wyoming. Agronomy Journal, 93(6): 1249-1256. DOI: 10.2134/agronj2001.1249.
    35. Wang, Y.R., He, X.Q., Hanson, J., Mariam, Y.W. (2011) Breaking hard seed dormancy in diverse accessions of five wild Vigna species by hot water and mechanical scarification, Seed Science and Technology, 39(1): 12-20. DOI: 10.15258/sst.2011.39.1.02. 
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