- Abraham, Z., Senthilkumar, R., John, K.J., Sharma, T.V., Nair, N.V., Unnikrishnan, M., Kumaran, P.M., George, J.K., Uma, S., Latha, M. and Malik, S.S. (2008). Collection of plant genetic resources from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Genet Resour Crop Evol., 55:1279-89.
- Anantharaju, P. and Muthiah, A.R. (2008). Screening for drought tolerance in cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Legume Res., 31(4): 283-285.
- Anatala, T.J., Gajera, H.P., Disha, D., Savaliya, Domadiya, R.K., Patel S.V. and Golakiya, B.A. (2014.) Molecular diversity analysis of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] genotypes determined by ISSR and RAPD markers. Int J Agric Environ Biotechnol., 7: 269-276.
- Bakshi, S., Sadhukhan, A., Mishra, S. and Sahoo, L. (2011). Improved Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cowpea via sonication and vacuum infiltration. Plant Cell Rep., 30: 2281–2292.
- Bakshi, S., Saha, B., Roy, N.K., Mishra, S., Panda, S.K. and Sahoo L. (2012). Successful recovery of transgenic cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] using the 6-phosphomannose isomerase gene as the selectable marker. Plant Cell Rep., 31: 1093-103.
- Barua, U., Singh, S.K., Pal, A.K. and Hore, D.K. (2006). Collection of crop germplasm from Nagaland state of India. Environ Ecol., 24: 704.
- Baudoin, J.P. and Marechal, R. (1988). Taxonomy and evolution of the genus Vigna. In Mungbean: Proceedings of the second international symposium Asian vegetable research development center, Shanhua, Taiwan, pp. 2–12.
- Blochmann, H. (1873). The Ain-i-Akbari by Abul Fazl Allami. Book I. The Asiatic Society, Calcutta 700016, West Bengal, India. 741pp. (Reprint 1993.)
- Boukar, O., Bhattacharjee, R., Fatokun, C., Kumar, P.L. and Gueye, B. (2013). Cowpea. In: Genetic and Genomic Resources of Grain Legume Improvement, (eds Singh, M., Upadhyaya, H.D. and Bisht, I.S.) p.137-155.
- Chalam, V.C., Parakh, D.B., Khetarpal, R.K., Maurya, A.K., Jain, A. and Singh, S. (2008). Interception of seed-transmitted viruses in cowpea and mungbean germplasm imported during 2003. Indian J Virol., 19: 12-16.
- Chari, M.S., Patel, G.J., Patel, P.N. and Raj S. (1976). Evaluation of cowpea lines for resistance to aphid Aphis craccivora Koch. Gujarat Agric Univ Res J., 1: 130-132.
- Chattopadhyay, A., Chakraborty, K., Dasgupta, T., Hazra, P. and Som, M.G. (1996). Evaluation of genotypes for agronomic and morphological characters in vegetable cowpea. Indian J Hort., 53: 304-308.
- Chaudhary, D., Madanpotra, S., Jaiwal, R., Saini, A., Kumar, P. and Jaiwal, P.K. (2007). Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated high frequency genetic transformation of an Indian cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] cultivar and transmission of transgene into progeny. Plant Sci., 172(4): 692–700.
- Chunekar, K.C. and Pandey G.S., (1998). Bhavaprakash, Nighantu (Indian Materia Medica) of Sri Bhavamisra (c.1500–1600 AD), Chaukhamba Bharati Academy 221001, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. 984pp. (Reprint.)
- Devi, L.S. and Gupta, P. (1991). Evaluation of cowpea varieties against cyst nematode. Curr Nematol., 2: 59-60.
- Dhanavel, D., Gnanamurthy, S. and Girija, M. (2012). Effect of gamma rays on induced chromosomal variation in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. International Journal of Current Science, 245-250.
- Echikh, N. (2000). Organisation du pool génique de formes sauvages et cultivées d’une légumineuse alimentaire, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Thèse de doctorat, Faculté universitaire des Sciences agronomiques, Gembloux, Belgique, p 307
- Fatokun, C.A. and Singh, B.B. (1987). Interspecific hybridization between Vigna pubescens and V. unquiculata (L.) Walp through embryo rescue. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult., 9(3):229–233.
- Fatokun, C.A. (1991) Wide hybridization in cowpea: problems and prospects. Euphytica, 54:137–140.
- Fatokun, C. A. (2002). Breeding cowpea for insect pests: Attempted crosses between cowpea and Vigna vexillata. In [C. A. Fatokun, S. A. Tarawali, B. B. Singh, P. M. Kormawa, and M. Tamo (Eds.)], Challenges and opportunities for enhancing sustainable cowpea production. Proceedings of the world cowpea conference, 4–8 September 2000 (pp. 52–61). International Institute of Tropical Agriculture IITA. Ibadan, Nigeria:
- Girija, M. and Dhanavel, D. (2009). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate and their combined treatments in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Global J Mol Sci., 4: 68-75.
- Girija, M., Dhanavel, D. and Gnanamurthy, S. (2013). Gamma rays and EMS induced flower color and seed mutants in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Adv Appl Sci Res., 4: 134-139.
- Gomathinayagam, P., Rathnaswamy, R. and Ramaswamy, N. M. (1998). Interspecific hybridization between [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] and V. vexillata (L.) A. Rich. through in vitro embryo culture. Euphytica, 102(2): 203-209.
- Gore, P.G., Chauhan, S.K., Tripathi, K. and Bhalla, S. (2015). Physical basis of resistance in wild Lens spp. accessions to pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis. Indian J Plant Prot., 43: 267-272.
- Gupta, S.K., Bansal, R. and Gopalakrishna, T. (2012). Development of intron length polymorphism markers in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] and their transferability to other Vigna species. Mol Breed., 30: 1363–1370.
- Hegde, V.S. and Mishra, S.K. (2009). Landraces of cowpea, [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] as potential sources of genes for unique characters in breeding. Genet Resour Crop Evol., 56: 615-627.
- Hijmans, R.J., L Guarino, M,. Cruz, and Rojas, E. (2001.) Computer tools for spatial analysis of plant genetic resources data: 1. DIVA-GIS. Pl. Genet. Resour. News Lett., 127: 15-19.
- ICAR-NBPGR (2018). Annual Report 2017-2018, ICAR- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India, 181p.
- ICAR-NBPGR (2016). Annual Report of the ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources 2015-16, NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India, 195+xp.
- International Board of Plant Genetic Resources (1983). Cowpea Descriptors, Rome, Italy.
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (1974). Cowpea Germplasm Catalog, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- Jarvis, A., Lane, A. and Hijmans, R.J. (2008). The effect of climate change on crop wild relatives. Agric Ecosyst Environ., 126: 13-23.
- Jayappa, B.G. and Lingappa, S. (1988). Screening of cowpea germplasm for resistance to Aphis craccivora Koch. in India. Trop Pest Manag., 34: 62-64.
- Kharkwal, M.C. and Shu, Q.Y. (2009). The role of induced mutations in world food security. In: Induced Plant Mutations in the Genomics Era (ed G.Y. Shu). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome. pp. 33-38.
- Khan, Z., Gautam, N.K., Gawade, B.H. and Dubey, S.C. (2018). Evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) germplasm for the source of resistance to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Nematropica. 48:27-33.
- Kouadio, D., Toussaint, A., Pasquet, R.S. and Baudoin, J.P. (2006) Barrières pré-zygotiques chez les hybrides entre formes sauvages du niébé, [Vigna unguilata (L.) Walp]. Biotechnol Agron Soc Environ., 10(1):33–41.
- Kumar, A., Sharma, K.D. and Kumar, D. (2008). Traits for screening and selection of cowpea genotypes for drought tolerance at early stages of breeding. J Agric Rural Dev Trop., 109(2): 191–199.
- Lioi, L., Morgese, A., Cifarelli, S. and Sonnante, G. (2019). Germplasm collection, genetic diversity and on-farm conservation of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] landraces from Apulia region (southern Italy). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 66(1): 165-175.
- Mahajan, R.K., Sapra, R.L., Umesh, S., Singh, M. and Sharma, G.D. (2000). Minimal descriptors for characterization and evaluation of agri-horticultural crops. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. 230p.
- Mahalakshmi, V., Ng Q., Lawson, M. and Ortiz, R. (2007). Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] core collection defined by geographical, agronomical and botanical descriptors. Plant Genet Res., 5(3): 113– 119.
- Makanur, B.A., Deshpande, V.K. and Vyakaranahal, B.S. (2013). Characterization of cowpea genotypes based on quantitative descriptors. The Bioscan, 8(4): 1183-1188.
- Malviya, N., Sarangi, B.K., Yadav, M.K. and Yadav, D. (2012). Analysis of genetic diversity in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cultivars with random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Plant Syst Evol., 29: 523-526.
- Manjunatha, N., Sah, R.P., Deb, D., Shivakumar, M.S. and Archana, S. (2016). Effect of bean common mosaic virus infection on yield potential and nodulation of cowpea genotypes. Range Manag. Agrofor., 37(2): 185-191.
- Mehra, K.L. (2002). Agricultural foundation of Indus-Saraswati civilization. In: Agricultural Heritage of India: proceedings of the national conference (eds Y.L. Nene and S.L Choudhary), Rajasthan, India. pp.1–21.
- Mishra, S.K., Sharma, B., Tyagi, M.C., Singh, B.B., Basandrai, D., Basandrai, A.K., Singh, D.P., Hegde, V. and Singh, B.B. (2008). Screening of cowpea germplasm for field tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Indian J Genet Pl Br., 68: 446-448.
- Mondal, T.K., Ganie, S.A., Niraj, R.R.K. and Rana, M.K. (2013). Cloning and in silico analysis of a gene encoding a putative â- carbonic anhydrase from cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. J Plant Interact., 9: 504-513.
- Nair, R. and Mehta, A.K,. (2014). Induced mutagenesis in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] var. Arka Garima. Indian J Agric Res., 48: 247.
- Ng, N.Q. and Marechal, R. (1985). Cowpea taxonomy, origin and germplasm. In: Cowpea Research Production and Utilization (eds S.R. Singh and K.O. Rachie), John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK. pp. 11–21.
- Padulosi, S. and Ng, N.Q. (1997). Origin, taxonomy and morphology of [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] In: Advances in Cowpea Research (eds B.B.Singh, R.D.R Mohan., K.E. Dashiell and L.E.N. Jackai), Ibadan, Nigeria. pp. 1–12.
- Pandey, R.N., Dhanasekar, P. and Souframanien, J (2004). RAPD based DNA fingerprinting and analysis of genetic diversity in radiation induced mutants of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Indian J Genet., 64(2): 97-101.
- Pathak, R.S. (1988). Genetics of resistance to aphid in cowpea. Crop Sci., 28(3): 474-476.
- Prasanthi, L., Geetha, B., Jyothi, B.R. and Reddy K.R. (2012). Evaluation of genetic diversity in cowpea, [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] gentotypes using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Curr Biotica, 6: 22-31.
- Roy, S., Sahay, G., Singh, U.P. and Soni R. (2011). Evaluation of genetic divergence in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] for major insect pests. Indian J Agric Sci., 81: 82-85.
- Sardana, S., Mahajan, R.K., Kumar, D., Singh, M. and Sharma, G.D. (2000). Catalogue on cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] germplasm. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. 80p.
- Semwal, D.P, Bhandari, D.C., Bhatt, K.C. and Singh, R. (2013). Diversity distribution pattern in collected germplasm of rapeseed- mustard using GIS in India. Indian J Plant Genet Resources, 26(1): 76-81.
- Singh, B.B. (2000). Simple screening methods for drought and heat tolerance in cowpea. In: regional training workshop on adoption of appropriate selection techniques for the development of drought tolerance germplasm, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria.
- Singh, B.B. (2014). Cowpea: the food legume of the 21st century. Crop Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
- Singh, D.P., Sharma S.P., Lal, M., Ranwah, B.R. and Sharma V. (2013). Induction of genetic variability for polygenic traits through physical and chemical mutagens in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. Legume Res., 36: 10-14.
- Singh, K.J., Singh, O.P. and Banafer, R.N. (1990). Evaluation of cowpea varieties against aphid, (Aphis craccivora Koch.) infestation. J Aphidol., 4: 86-88.
- Singh, B. B. (2016). Genetic enhancement for yield and nutritional quality in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Indian J Genet Pl Br., 76(4):568-582
- Solleti, S.K., Bakshi, S., Purkayastha, J., Panda, S.K. and Sahoo, L. (2008a). Transgenic cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] seeds expressing a bean a-amylase inhibitor 1 confer resistance to storage pests, bruchid beetles. Plant Cell Rep., 27: 1841–1850.
- Solleti, S.K., Bakshi, S. and Sahoo L. (2008b). Additional virulence genes in conjunction with efficient selection scheme, and compatible culture regime enhance recovery of stable transgenic plants in cowpea via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. J Biotechnol., 135: 97-104.
- Sreerama, Y.N., Sashikala, V.B., Pratape V.M. and Singh V. (2012). Nutrients and antinutrients in cowpea and horse gram flours in comparison to chickpea flour: Evaluation of their flour functionality. Food Chem., 131: 462-468.
- Timko, M. P., Gowda, B. S., Ouédraogo, J., and Ousmane, B. (2007). Molecular markers for analysis of resistance to Striga gesnerioides in cowpea. In [G. Ejeta and J. Gressell (Eds.)], Integrating new technologies for striga control: Towards ending the witch- hunt (pp. 115–128). Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd.
- Tripathi, K., Bhalla, S., Prasad, T.V., Srinivasan, K., (2012). Differential reaction of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] genotypes to pulse-beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus). Vegetos, 25: 367-374.
- Tripathi, K., Bhalla, S., Srinivasan, K., Prasad, T.V. and Gautam, R.D. (2013). Physical and biochemical basis of resistance in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] accessions to pulse-beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Legume Res., 36: 457-466.
- Tripathi, K., Chauhan, S.K., Gore, P.G., Mehta, P.S., Bisht, I.S. and Bhalla S. (2016). Evaluation of wheat landraces of north-western Himalaya against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. vis-à-vis physical seed parameters. Plant Genet Resour., 15(4): 321-326.
- Tripathi, K., Chauhan, S.K., Gore, P.G., Prasad, T.V., Srinivasan, K. and Bhalla S. (2015). Screening of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] accessions against pulse-beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.). Legume Res., 38: 675-680.
- Uma, M.S., Hittalmani, S., Keshava, M.B.C. and Viswanatha K.P. (2009). Microsatellite DNA marker aided diversity analysis in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Indian J Genet Pl Br., 69: 35-43.
- Van Hintum T., Menting F. and Van Strien E. (2011). Quality indicators for passport data in ex-situ genebanks. Plant Genet Resour., 9(3): 478-485.
- Verdcourt, B. (1970) Studies in the Leguminosae-Papilionoideae for the flora of tropical East Africa. IV Kew Bulletin, 24: 507–569.
- Verma, P.K. (2016). Characterization and evaluation of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] germplasm accessions for pod and fodder yield. Dissertation, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur.
- Vidyalankar, J. (1994). Charaka samhita. part I. 9th edn, Motilal Banarsidass, New Delhi, India, pp 522.
- Xiong H., Shi A., Mou B., Qin J., Motes D., Lu W., Ma J., Weng Y., Yang W. and Wu D. (2016). Genetic diversity and population structure of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]. PLoS One,11(8): e0160941.
Submitted Date : 2-04-2019
Accepted Date : 16-05-2019
First Online: