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Research Article

volume 42 issue 3 (june 2019) : 300-307,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3981

Ems and gamma radiation induced mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

P
Prabhat K. Singh
R
R. Sadhukhan
1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia- 741 252, West Bengal, India.

  • Submitted30-12-2017|

  • Accepted26-03-2018|

  • First Online 16-07-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3981

Cite article:- Singh K. Prabhat, Sadhukhan R. (2018). Ems and gamma radiation induced mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Legume Research. 42(3): 300-307. doi: 10.18805/LR-3981.

ABSTRACT

Present investigation has been undertaken to study the induction of mutation by individual and combination treatments of EMS and gamma rays in three diverged genotypes of grasspea viz. Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local. Combination treatments caused the more biological damage (lethality, injury and sterility) followed by gamma rays and EMS alone. The LD50 dose of gamma rays for Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local corresponded to 590 Gy, 630 Gy and 539 Gy respectively. Above 0.5% EMS for Nirmal and Biol-212 and above 1% EMS in case of Berhampur Local was found to be lethal. Average total mutation frequency of three varieties together was highest (6.32 %) in gamma radiation followed by both EMS and combination treatment (5.8%). The most efficient dose/concentration of gamma rays and EMS were found to be 400 Gy and 0.5% EMS respectively. Mutagenic efficiency increases and effectiveness decreases with increasing concentration of EMS but the consequence was showed almost inverse relationship in case of gamma rays. Overall, irrespective of genotypes, gamma rays and EMS respectively were found to be most efficient and effective mutagen.

REFERENCES

  1. Bolbhat, S.N., Bhoge, V.D., Dhumal, K.N. (2012). Effect of mutagens on seed germination, plant survival and quantitative characters of horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (lam.) Verdc). Int. J. of Life Sc. and Pharma Res. 2(4): 129-136.
  2. Campbell, C.G. (1997). Grass pea. Lathyrus sativus L. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. IPGRI publication, Rome.
  3. Das, P.K. and Kundagrami, S. (2000). Frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations in grasspea induced by gamma rays. Indian J. of Genet. and Plant Breeding, 60(2): 239-241. 
  4. Dhulgande, G.S., Dhale, D.A., Pachkore, G.L., Satpute, R.A. (2011). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate in pea (Pisum sativum L.). J. of Exp. Sc. 2(3): 07-08.
  5. Finney, D. J. (1971). Probit Analysis (3rd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
  6. Gaul, H. (1977). Mutagen effects observable in the first generation. I. Plant injury and lethality, II. Cytological effects, III. Sterility. In: manual on mutation breeding (second edition). IAEA technical report series No. 119, IAEA, Vienna, Austria, pp. 85-99.
  7. Goyal, S., Khan, S., Alka, S., Perveen, R. (2009). A comparison of mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of EMS, SA and gamma rays in mungbean. Indian J. Applied Pure Biol. 24: 125-128.
  8. Gunckel, J.K. and Sparrow, A.H. (1961). Ionizing radiations: biochemical, physiological and morphological aspects of their effects on plants. Encycl. Plant Physiol. 16: 555-611.
  9. Gustafsson, A. (1940). The mutation system of the chlorophyll apparatus. Luds. Univ. Arsskv. 36:1-40.
  10. Jain, S.K. and Khandelwal, R. (2009). Induced polygenic variability in black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. Indian J. Genet. 69: 72-75.
  11. Kamble, G.C. and Patil, A.S. (2014). Comparative mutagenicity of EMS and gamma radiation in wild chickpea. Int. J. of Sc., Envi. and Tech. 3(1): 166 – 180.
  12. Khan, M.H. and Tyagi, S.D. (2010). Studies on effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and their combination in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). J. Plant Breed. and Crop Sc. 2: 55-58.
  13. Khan, S. and Goyal, S. (2009). Improvement of mungbean varieties through induced mutations. African J. of Plant Sc. 3(8): 174-180.
  14. Konzak, C.F., Nilan, R.A., Wagner, J., Foster, R.J. (1965). Efficient chemical mutagenesis. Radiation Bot. 5(Suppl.): 49-70.
  15. Kumar, S., Bejiga, G., Ahmed, S., Nakkoul, H., Sarker, A. (2011). Genetic improvement of grasspea for low neurotoxin (â-ODAP) content. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49: 589–600.
  16. Meena, G. S. and Dwivedi, P. (2015). Effect of gamma rays and nitroso methyl urea on seed germination, seedling height and survivability of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) var. RSG-963. Trends in Life Sciences, 4: 397-399.
  17. Mishra, D. and Singh, B. (2014). Studies on effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays in greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). SABRAO Journal of Breed. and Genet. 46 (1): 34-43.
  18. Mondal, M.M.A. and Puteh, A.B. (2014). Spectrum of variability in seed size and content of Protein and Odap in Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Germplasm. Legume Research, 37(5): 479-482.
  19. Muthusamy, A. and Jayabalan, N. (2002). Effect of mutagens on pollen fertility of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Indian J. Genet. 62(2):187.
  20. Patial, M., Thakur, S.R., Singh, K.P., Thakur, A. (2017). Frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations and induced variability in ricebean (Vigna umbellata Thunb, Ohwi and Ohashi). Legume Research, 40 (1): 39-46.
  21. Prem, D., Gupta, K., Agnihotri, A. (2011). Can we predict mutagen induced damage in plant systems mathematically? Insights from zygotic embryo and haploid mutagenesis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). Botanica Serbica, 35: 137-143.
  22. Ramezani, P. and More, A.D. (2014). Induced chlorophyll mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus Sativus Linn.). Int. J. of Current Microbiology and Applied Sci. 3(2): 619-625.
  23. Rybinski, W. (2003). Mutagenesis as a tool for improvement of traits in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Lathyrism Newsletter, 3: 30-34.
  24. Singh, M. and Chaturvedi, S.N. (1987). Effectiveness and efficiency of mutagen alone or in combination with dimethyl sulphoxide in Lathyrus sativus L. Indian J. of Agri. Sci. 57: 503-507. 
  25. Singh, S.P., Singh, R.P., Singh, N.K., Prasad, J.P., Sahi, J.P. (2007). Mutagenic efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and its combination on micro-sperma lentil. Indian J. of Agri. Sci. 3(1): 113-118.
  26. Swaminathan, M.S., Chopra, V.L., Bhaskaran, S. (1962). Chromosome aberrations and the frequency and spectrum of mutations induced by ethyl methane sulphonate in barley and wheat. Indian J. Genet. 22: 192-207.
  27. Talukdar, D. (2009). Dwarf mutations in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.): Origin, Morphology, Inheritance and Linkage Studies. J. of Genet. 88(2): 165-175. 
  28. Tripathy, S.K. (1997). Genetic rectification in Khesari (Lathyrus sativus L.). Ph.D. Thesis, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. 
  29. Tripathy, S.K., Ranjan, R., Lenka, D. (2012). Effectiveness and efficiency of single and combined treatments of physical and chemical mutagens in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). World Applied Sci. J. 20(5): 738-741. 
  30. Tripathy, S.K. and Samolo, B.N. (1991). Relative mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and their combination treatments in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Orissa J. Agric. Res. 4(3-4): 168-172.
  31. Waghmare, V.N. and Mehra, R.B. (2001). Induced chlorophyll mutations, mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency in Lathyrus sativus L. Indian J. of Genet. and Plant Breed. 61(1): 53-56. 
  32. Wani, A.A. (2009). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate and their combination treatments in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Asian J. Plant Sc. 8: 318-321.
  33. Yusuf, K K. and Nair, P.M. (1974). Effect of gamma irradiation on the indole acetic acid synthesizing system and its significance in sprout inhibition of potatoes. Radiation Botany, 14: 251-256. 
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 3 (june 2019) : 300-307,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3981

    Ems and gamma radiation induced mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.)

    P
    Prabhat K. Singh
    R
    R. Sadhukhan
    1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia- 741 252, West Bengal, India.

    • Submitted30-12-2017|

    • Accepted26-03-2018|

    • First Online 16-07-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3981

    Cite article:- Singh K. Prabhat, Sadhukhan R. (2018). Ems and gamma radiation induced mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Legume Research. 42(3): 300-307. doi: 10.18805/LR-3981.

    ABSTRACT

    Present investigation has been undertaken to study the induction of mutation by individual and combination treatments of EMS and gamma rays in three diverged genotypes of grasspea viz. Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local. Combination treatments caused the more biological damage (lethality, injury and sterility) followed by gamma rays and EMS alone. The LD50 dose of gamma rays for Nirmal, Biol-212 and Berhampur Local corresponded to 590 Gy, 630 Gy and 539 Gy respectively. Above 0.5% EMS for Nirmal and Biol-212 and above 1% EMS in case of Berhampur Local was found to be lethal. Average total mutation frequency of three varieties together was highest (6.32 %) in gamma radiation followed by both EMS and combination treatment (5.8%). The most efficient dose/concentration of gamma rays and EMS were found to be 400 Gy and 0.5% EMS respectively. Mutagenic efficiency increases and effectiveness decreases with increasing concentration of EMS but the consequence was showed almost inverse relationship in case of gamma rays. Overall, irrespective of genotypes, gamma rays and EMS respectively were found to be most efficient and effective mutagen.

    REFERENCES

    1. Bolbhat, S.N., Bhoge, V.D., Dhumal, K.N. (2012). Effect of mutagens on seed germination, plant survival and quantitative characters of horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (lam.) Verdc). Int. J. of Life Sc. and Pharma Res. 2(4): 129-136.
    2. Campbell, C.G. (1997). Grass pea. Lathyrus sativus L. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. IPGRI publication, Rome.
    3. Das, P.K. and Kundagrami, S. (2000). Frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations in grasspea induced by gamma rays. Indian J. of Genet. and Plant Breeding, 60(2): 239-241. 
    4. Dhulgande, G.S., Dhale, D.A., Pachkore, G.L., Satpute, R.A. (2011). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate in pea (Pisum sativum L.). J. of Exp. Sc. 2(3): 07-08.
    5. Finney, D. J. (1971). Probit Analysis (3rd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    6. Gaul, H. (1977). Mutagen effects observable in the first generation. I. Plant injury and lethality, II. Cytological effects, III. Sterility. In: manual on mutation breeding (second edition). IAEA technical report series No. 119, IAEA, Vienna, Austria, pp. 85-99.
    7. Goyal, S., Khan, S., Alka, S., Perveen, R. (2009). A comparison of mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of EMS, SA and gamma rays in mungbean. Indian J. Applied Pure Biol. 24: 125-128.
    8. Gunckel, J.K. and Sparrow, A.H. (1961). Ionizing radiations: biochemical, physiological and morphological aspects of their effects on plants. Encycl. Plant Physiol. 16: 555-611.
    9. Gustafsson, A. (1940). The mutation system of the chlorophyll apparatus. Luds. Univ. Arsskv. 36:1-40.
    10. Jain, S.K. and Khandelwal, R. (2009). Induced polygenic variability in black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]. Indian J. Genet. 69: 72-75.
    11. Kamble, G.C. and Patil, A.S. (2014). Comparative mutagenicity of EMS and gamma radiation in wild chickpea. Int. J. of Sc., Envi. and Tech. 3(1): 166 – 180.
    12. Khan, M.H. and Tyagi, S.D. (2010). Studies on effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and their combination in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). J. Plant Breed. and Crop Sc. 2: 55-58.
    13. Khan, S. and Goyal, S. (2009). Improvement of mungbean varieties through induced mutations. African J. of Plant Sc. 3(8): 174-180.
    14. Konzak, C.F., Nilan, R.A., Wagner, J., Foster, R.J. (1965). Efficient chemical mutagenesis. Radiation Bot. 5(Suppl.): 49-70.
    15. Kumar, S., Bejiga, G., Ahmed, S., Nakkoul, H., Sarker, A. (2011). Genetic improvement of grasspea for low neurotoxin (â-ODAP) content. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49: 589–600.
    16. Meena, G. S. and Dwivedi, P. (2015). Effect of gamma rays and nitroso methyl urea on seed germination, seedling height and survivability of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) var. RSG-963. Trends in Life Sciences, 4: 397-399.
    17. Mishra, D. and Singh, B. (2014). Studies on effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays in greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). SABRAO Journal of Breed. and Genet. 46 (1): 34-43.
    18. Mondal, M.M.A. and Puteh, A.B. (2014). Spectrum of variability in seed size and content of Protein and Odap in Grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) Germplasm. Legume Research, 37(5): 479-482.
    19. Muthusamy, A. and Jayabalan, N. (2002). Effect of mutagens on pollen fertility of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Indian J. Genet. 62(2):187.
    20. Patial, M., Thakur, S.R., Singh, K.P., Thakur, A. (2017). Frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations and induced variability in ricebean (Vigna umbellata Thunb, Ohwi and Ohashi). Legume Research, 40 (1): 39-46.
    21. Prem, D., Gupta, K., Agnihotri, A. (2011). Can we predict mutagen induced damage in plant systems mathematically? Insights from zygotic embryo and haploid mutagenesis in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). Botanica Serbica, 35: 137-143.
    22. Ramezani, P. and More, A.D. (2014). Induced chlorophyll mutation in grasspea (Lathyrus Sativus Linn.). Int. J. of Current Microbiology and Applied Sci. 3(2): 619-625.
    23. Rybinski, W. (2003). Mutagenesis as a tool for improvement of traits in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). Lathyrism Newsletter, 3: 30-34.
    24. Singh, M. and Chaturvedi, S.N. (1987). Effectiveness and efficiency of mutagen alone or in combination with dimethyl sulphoxide in Lathyrus sativus L. Indian J. of Agri. Sci. 57: 503-507. 
    25. Singh, S.P., Singh, R.P., Singh, N.K., Prasad, J.P., Sahi, J.P. (2007). Mutagenic efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and its combination on micro-sperma lentil. Indian J. of Agri. Sci. 3(1): 113-118.
    26. Swaminathan, M.S., Chopra, V.L., Bhaskaran, S. (1962). Chromosome aberrations and the frequency and spectrum of mutations induced by ethyl methane sulphonate in barley and wheat. Indian J. Genet. 22: 192-207.
    27. Talukdar, D. (2009). Dwarf mutations in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.): Origin, Morphology, Inheritance and Linkage Studies. J. of Genet. 88(2): 165-175. 
    28. Tripathy, S.K. (1997). Genetic rectification in Khesari (Lathyrus sativus L.). Ph.D. Thesis, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India. 
    29. Tripathy, S.K., Ranjan, R., Lenka, D. (2012). Effectiveness and efficiency of single and combined treatments of physical and chemical mutagens in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.). World Applied Sci. J. 20(5): 738-741. 
    30. Tripathy, S.K. and Samolo, B.N. (1991). Relative mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, EMS and their combination treatments in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Orissa J. Agric. Res. 4(3-4): 168-172.
    31. Waghmare, V.N. and Mehra, R.B. (2001). Induced chlorophyll mutations, mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency in Lathyrus sativus L. Indian J. of Genet. and Plant Breed. 61(1): 53-56. 
    32. Wani, A.A. (2009). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays, ethyl methane sulphonate and their combination treatments in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Asian J. Plant Sc. 8: 318-321.
    33. Yusuf, K K. and Nair, P.M. (1974). Effect of gamma irradiation on the indole acetic acid synthesizing system and its significance in sprout inhibition of potatoes. Radiation Botany, 14: 251-256. 
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