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Research Article

volume 42 issue 5 (october 2019) : 575-584,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3915

Biochemical and molecuar marker based screening of seed longevity in soybean [Glycine max ( L.) Merill ]

P
P.V Pawar
R
R.M. Naik
M
M.P. Deshmukh
R
R.D. Satbhai
S
S.G. Mohite
1Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413 722, Maharashtra, India

  • Submitted14-07-2017|

  • Accepted26-10-2017|

  • First Online 15-02-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3915

Cite article:- Pawar P.V, Naik R.M., Deshmukh M.P., Satbhai R.D., Mohite S.G. (2018). Biochemical and molecuar marker based screening of seed longevity in soybean [Glycine max ( L.) Merill ]. Legume Research. 42(5): 575-584. doi: 10.18805/LR-3915.

ABSTRACT

The soybean seed is highly susceptible to field weathering and mechanical damage which adversely affect its longevity. Mechanical injury can occur at any time during harvesting, drying and storage conditioning of seeds. The seed coat color and leachate conductivity of soybean has been correlated with seed longevity and black seed coat color has been reported to be positively correlated with better seed longevity. In order to understand the physico-chemical attributes related to soybean seed longevity, biochemical and molecular analysis of the parents exhibiting black (Birsasoya-1) and yellow seed coat colour (EC 241780) and the eleven F3 progenies of the cross exhibiting brown, yellow and black seed coat colour was carried out. The results revealed that vita-E, lignin, calcium content and activity of antioxidative enzymes appeared to be positively correlated with soybean seed longevity and levels were higher in black and brown seed coat color progenies. The lipid peroxidation rate was inversely related to membrane injury caused by ROS and comparatively much less lipid peroxidation rate was recorded in black and brown seed coat colour parents and progenies having better seed longevity. The SSR primers Satt162, Satt523 and Satt453 which are either linked with seed coat colour and seed permeability exhibited a specific size allelic fragments in soybean genotypes and crosses with better seed longevity.

REFERENCES

  1. Alvarez, P.J.C., Krzyzanowski, F.C., Mandrino, J.M.G.,Franca-Neto, J.B.(1997). Relationship between soybean seed coat lignin content and resistance to mechanical damage. Seed Science and Technology, Zurich. 25: 209-214.
  2. Battacharjee, S. (1998). Membrane lipid peroxidation, free radical scavengers and ethylene evolution in Amaranthus as affected by lead and cadmium. Biol.Plant. 40: 131-135. 
  3. Carbonell, S.A.M.and Krzyzanowsky F. C.(1995).The pendulum test for screening soybean genotypes for seeds resistant mechanical damage. Seed Sci Tech. 23: 331-339. 
  4. Dalurzo, H.C., Sandalio L.M., Gomez M., and Rio del L.A. (1997). Cadmium in filteration of detached pea leaves: Effect on its activated oxygen metabolism. Phyton Ann Rei Bot, 37: 59-64. 
  5. Dhindsa, R.S., Plumb-Dhindsa, P. and Thorpe, T.A. (1981). Leaf senescence : Correlated with increased levels of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Journal of Experimental Botany. 32 : 93-101. 
  6. Franca neto, J.B.; Henning, A.A. (1984). Qualidades fisiologica e sanitaria de sements de soja. Londrina:Embrapa-cnpso. 39 p. (EMBRAPA-CNPSo. Circular Tecnica, 9). 
  7. Goel, A., Goel A.K and Sheoran I.S. (2003).Changes in oxidative stress enzymes during artificial ageing in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. J Plant Physiol.160:1093–100.
  8. Halliwell, B., and Foyer CH (1978). Properties and physiological function of a glutathione reductase purified from spinach leaves by affinity chromatography.Planta. 139: 9-17. 
  9. Heath, R.L. and Packer L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts : kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch BiochemBiophys .125:189–198. 
  10. Hendry, G.A.F. (1993). Oxygen, free radical processes and seed longevity. Seed Sci. Res., 3:141-153. 
  11. Hosamani, J., Dadlani. M, Santha. I. M., and Kumar M.B. (2013). Biochemical phenotyping of genotypes to establish the role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme in seed longevity. Agric Res. 2(2):119-126.
  12. Hosamani, J., Kumar M.B.A., Talukdar A., Lal S. K., and Dadlani M.(2013a). Molecular characterization and identification of candidate markers for seed longevity in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill]. Indian J. Genet. 73(1):64-71. 
  13. Huang, C. L. and E.E. Shuttle.(1985). Digestion of plant tissue analysis by ICP emission spectroscopy. Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal. 16: 943-958. 
  14. Hussain, M. A., Huq, M. E., Rahman S. M. and Zakaria, A.(2002). Estimation of lignin in jute by titration method. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 5: 521-522.
  15. Kalpana, R. and Madhava Rao, K.V.(1994). Absense of the role of lipid peroxidation during accelerated ageing of seeds of pigean pea (Cajanas cajan [L.] Millsp.)-Seed sci. Technol. 22:253-260. 
  16. Keim, P., Olsen, T.C. and Shoe Maker, R.C. (1988). A rapid protocol for isolating soybean DNA. Soybean Genet Newslett. 15:150–152.
  17. Krzyzanowski, F. C. (1998). Relationship between seed technology research and federal plant breeding programs. Sci. agric.special issue Piracicaba.Print version ISSN01039016.l.scientia@esalq.usp.br. 
  18. Kuchlan, M.K., Dadlani M. and Samuel D.V.K. (2010). Seed coat properties and longevity of soybean seeds. Journal of New seeds. 11:239-249. 
  19. Lowry, H. O., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J.Biol.Chem.pp:265-267.
  20. Monk, L.S., Fogerstedt K.V., R.M.M (1998). Oxygen toxicity and SOD as an antioxidant in physiological stress. Plant Physiol. 76: 456-459. 
  21. Naik,S.M.(2012). Genetic variability for seed longevity and component traits in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill.], Thesis submitted to the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad,India.
  22. Nakano, Y. and Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbic acid specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplast.Plant Cell Physiol.22:867
  23. Panse, V .G. and Sukhatme, P. V. (1985). Statistical Methods for Agricultural Workers. ICAR publication New Delhi. 
  24. Prasad, KVSK., Saradhi P.P., and Sharmila P. (1999). Concerted action of antioxidant enzymes and curtailed growth under zinc toxicity in Brassica juncea. Environ.Exp. Bot. 42:1-10. 
  25. Presley, J. T. (1958). Relations of protoplast permeability of cotton seed viability and pre-deposition of disease. Pl. Disease Report.42:582. 
  26. Rolston, M.P. (1978). Water impermeable seed dormancy. Botanical Review. 44: 365–396.
  27. Rudrapal , D., and S. Nakamura. (1988). Use of halogens in controlling egg-plant and radish seed deterioration. Seed Sci. Technol. 16:115-121.
  28. Sadasivam, M. and Manickam, A. (1996).Biochemical Methods , New Age International Publishers. 185. 
  29. Schmidt M.E. (2004). Seed quality QTL in a prominent soybean population. Theor Appl. Genetics 109: 552-561
  30. Seneratna, T.G., J.F. Gusse., and B.D. Mckerise. (1988). Age-induced changes in cellular membranes of imbibed soybean axes. Physiol. Plant. 73:85-91. 
  31. Shingeoka, S., Ishikawa, T., Tamoi, M., Miyagawa, Y., Takeda, T., Yabuta, Y. and Yoshimura, K. (2002). Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes. J. Bot. 53 : 1305-1319. 
  32. Sung, J.M. (1996). Lipid peroxidation and peroxide-scavenging in soybean seeds during aging. Physiol Plant. 97:85–89. 
  33. Thimmaiah, S. R., (2004). Estimation of phenolics, In: Standard Methods of Biochemical Analysis, Kalyani Publisher New Delhi, India:pp.287-302. 
  34. Tran, V.N., and Cavanagh A.K. (1984). Structural aspects of dormancy. In: [Murray D.R, ed.] Seed Physiology. Germination and Rreserve Mobilization. Academic Press. Sydney:1–44. 
  35. Wang, X., and Quinn, P.J. (2000). The location and function of vitamin E in membranes (review). Mol. Membr. Biol. 17, 143–156.
  36. Wilson, D.O., and McDonald M.B (1986). A convenient volatile aldehydes assay for measuring seed vigour. Seed Sci. Technol. 14:269–271.
  37. Yao, Z., Liu L., Gao F., Rampitsch C., Reinecke D.M., and Ozga JA, et al., (2012). Developmental and seed aging mediated regulation of antioxidative genes and differential expres-sion of proteins during pre- and post-germinative phases in pea. Plant Physiol. 169:1477–88.
  38. Zhang M, Lui Y, Tori I, Sasaki H, and Esashi Y (1993). Evolution of volatile compounds by seeds during storage periods. Seed Sci Tech 21:359–373 
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 5 (october 2019) : 575-584,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3915

    Biochemical and molecuar marker based screening of seed longevity in soybean [Glycine max ( L.) Merill ]

    P
    P.V Pawar
    R
    R.M. Naik
    M
    M.P. Deshmukh
    R
    R.D. Satbhai
    S
    S.G. Mohite
    1Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413 722, Maharashtra, India

    • Submitted14-07-2017|

    • Accepted26-10-2017|

    • First Online 15-02-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3915

    Cite article:- Pawar P.V, Naik R.M., Deshmukh M.P., Satbhai R.D., Mohite S.G. (2018). Biochemical and molecuar marker based screening of seed longevity in soybean [Glycine max ( L.) Merill ]. Legume Research. 42(5): 575-584. doi: 10.18805/LR-3915.

    ABSTRACT

    The soybean seed is highly susceptible to field weathering and mechanical damage which adversely affect its longevity. Mechanical injury can occur at any time during harvesting, drying and storage conditioning of seeds. The seed coat color and leachate conductivity of soybean has been correlated with seed longevity and black seed coat color has been reported to be positively correlated with better seed longevity. In order to understand the physico-chemical attributes related to soybean seed longevity, biochemical and molecular analysis of the parents exhibiting black (Birsasoya-1) and yellow seed coat colour (EC 241780) and the eleven F3 progenies of the cross exhibiting brown, yellow and black seed coat colour was carried out. The results revealed that vita-E, lignin, calcium content and activity of antioxidative enzymes appeared to be positively correlated with soybean seed longevity and levels were higher in black and brown seed coat color progenies. The lipid peroxidation rate was inversely related to membrane injury caused by ROS and comparatively much less lipid peroxidation rate was recorded in black and brown seed coat colour parents and progenies having better seed longevity. The SSR primers Satt162, Satt523 and Satt453 which are either linked with seed coat colour and seed permeability exhibited a specific size allelic fragments in soybean genotypes and crosses with better seed longevity.

    REFERENCES

    1. Alvarez, P.J.C., Krzyzanowski, F.C., Mandrino, J.M.G.,Franca-Neto, J.B.(1997). Relationship between soybean seed coat lignin content and resistance to mechanical damage. Seed Science and Technology, Zurich. 25: 209-214.
    2. Battacharjee, S. (1998). Membrane lipid peroxidation, free radical scavengers and ethylene evolution in Amaranthus as affected by lead and cadmium. Biol.Plant. 40: 131-135. 
    3. Carbonell, S.A.M.and Krzyzanowsky F. C.(1995).The pendulum test for screening soybean genotypes for seeds resistant mechanical damage. Seed Sci Tech. 23: 331-339. 
    4. Dalurzo, H.C., Sandalio L.M., Gomez M., and Rio del L.A. (1997). Cadmium in filteration of detached pea leaves: Effect on its activated oxygen metabolism. Phyton Ann Rei Bot, 37: 59-64. 
    5. Dhindsa, R.S., Plumb-Dhindsa, P. and Thorpe, T.A. (1981). Leaf senescence : Correlated with increased levels of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Journal of Experimental Botany. 32 : 93-101. 
    6. Franca neto, J.B.; Henning, A.A. (1984). Qualidades fisiologica e sanitaria de sements de soja. Londrina:Embrapa-cnpso. 39 p. (EMBRAPA-CNPSo. Circular Tecnica, 9). 
    7. Goel, A., Goel A.K and Sheoran I.S. (2003).Changes in oxidative stress enzymes during artificial ageing in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds. J Plant Physiol.160:1093–100.
    8. Halliwell, B., and Foyer CH (1978). Properties and physiological function of a glutathione reductase purified from spinach leaves by affinity chromatography.Planta. 139: 9-17. 
    9. Heath, R.L. and Packer L. (1968). Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts : kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch BiochemBiophys .125:189–198. 
    10. Hendry, G.A.F. (1993). Oxygen, free radical processes and seed longevity. Seed Sci. Res., 3:141-153. 
    11. Hosamani, J., Dadlani. M, Santha. I. M., and Kumar M.B. (2013). Biochemical phenotyping of genotypes to establish the role of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme in seed longevity. Agric Res. 2(2):119-126.
    12. Hosamani, J., Kumar M.B.A., Talukdar A., Lal S. K., and Dadlani M.(2013a). Molecular characterization and identification of candidate markers for seed longevity in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill]. Indian J. Genet. 73(1):64-71. 
    13. Huang, C. L. and E.E. Shuttle.(1985). Digestion of plant tissue analysis by ICP emission spectroscopy. Commun. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal. 16: 943-958. 
    14. Hussain, M. A., Huq, M. E., Rahman S. M. and Zakaria, A.(2002). Estimation of lignin in jute by titration method. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 5: 521-522.
    15. Kalpana, R. and Madhava Rao, K.V.(1994). Absense of the role of lipid peroxidation during accelerated ageing of seeds of pigean pea (Cajanas cajan [L.] Millsp.)-Seed sci. Technol. 22:253-260. 
    16. Keim, P., Olsen, T.C. and Shoe Maker, R.C. (1988). A rapid protocol for isolating soybean DNA. Soybean Genet Newslett. 15:150–152.
    17. Krzyzanowski, F. C. (1998). Relationship between seed technology research and federal plant breeding programs. Sci. agric.special issue Piracicaba.Print version ISSN01039016.l.scientia@esalq.usp.br. 
    18. Kuchlan, M.K., Dadlani M. and Samuel D.V.K. (2010). Seed coat properties and longevity of soybean seeds. Journal of New seeds. 11:239-249. 
    19. Lowry, H. O., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J.Biol.Chem.pp:265-267.
    20. Monk, L.S., Fogerstedt K.V., R.M.M (1998). Oxygen toxicity and SOD as an antioxidant in physiological stress. Plant Physiol. 76: 456-459. 
    21. Naik,S.M.(2012). Genetic variability for seed longevity and component traits in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill.], Thesis submitted to the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad,India.
    22. Nakano, Y. and Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbic acid specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplast.Plant Cell Physiol.22:867
    23. Panse, V .G. and Sukhatme, P. V. (1985). Statistical Methods for Agricultural Workers. ICAR publication New Delhi. 
    24. Prasad, KVSK., Saradhi P.P., and Sharmila P. (1999). Concerted action of antioxidant enzymes and curtailed growth under zinc toxicity in Brassica juncea. Environ.Exp. Bot. 42:1-10. 
    25. Presley, J. T. (1958). Relations of protoplast permeability of cotton seed viability and pre-deposition of disease. Pl. Disease Report.42:582. 
    26. Rolston, M.P. (1978). Water impermeable seed dormancy. Botanical Review. 44: 365–396.
    27. Rudrapal , D., and S. Nakamura. (1988). Use of halogens in controlling egg-plant and radish seed deterioration. Seed Sci. Technol. 16:115-121.
    28. Sadasivam, M. and Manickam, A. (1996).Biochemical Methods , New Age International Publishers. 185. 
    29. Schmidt M.E. (2004). Seed quality QTL in a prominent soybean population. Theor Appl. Genetics 109: 552-561
    30. Seneratna, T.G., J.F. Gusse., and B.D. Mckerise. (1988). Age-induced changes in cellular membranes of imbibed soybean axes. Physiol. Plant. 73:85-91. 
    31. Shingeoka, S., Ishikawa, T., Tamoi, M., Miyagawa, Y., Takeda, T., Yabuta, Y. and Yoshimura, K. (2002). Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes. J. Bot. 53 : 1305-1319. 
    32. Sung, J.M. (1996). Lipid peroxidation and peroxide-scavenging in soybean seeds during aging. Physiol Plant. 97:85–89. 
    33. Thimmaiah, S. R., (2004). Estimation of phenolics, In: Standard Methods of Biochemical Analysis, Kalyani Publisher New Delhi, India:pp.287-302. 
    34. Tran, V.N., and Cavanagh A.K. (1984). Structural aspects of dormancy. In: [Murray D.R, ed.] Seed Physiology. Germination and Rreserve Mobilization. Academic Press. Sydney:1–44. 
    35. Wang, X., and Quinn, P.J. (2000). The location and function of vitamin E in membranes (review). Mol. Membr. Biol. 17, 143–156.
    36. Wilson, D.O., and McDonald M.B (1986). A convenient volatile aldehydes assay for measuring seed vigour. Seed Sci. Technol. 14:269–271.
    37. Yao, Z., Liu L., Gao F., Rampitsch C., Reinecke D.M., and Ozga JA, et al., (2012). Developmental and seed aging mediated regulation of antioxidative genes and differential expres-sion of proteins during pre- and post-germinative phases in pea. Plant Physiol. 169:1477–88.
    38. Zhang M, Lui Y, Tori I, Sasaki H, and Esashi Y (1993). Evolution of volatile compounds by seeds during storage periods. Seed Sci Tech 21:359–373 
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