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Research Article

volume 41 issue 2 (april 2018) : 316-321,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3835

Management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diseases through nutrient supplements

K
K.S. Jadon
P
P.P. Thirumalaisamy
V
V.G. Koradia
R
R.D. Padavi
1ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Ivnagar Road, PB. No. 5, Junagadh-362 001, Gujarat, India.

  • Submitted16-01-2017|

  • Accepted06-10-2017|

  • First Online 17-04-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3835

Cite article:- Jadon K.S., Thirumalaisamy P.P., Koradia V.G., Padavi R.D. (2018). Management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diseases through nutrient supplements. Legume Research. 41(2): 316-321. doi: 10.18805/LR-3835.

ABSTRACT

Crop responses to mineral nutrients may be conducive or adverse to diseases, depending on disease type, severity, crop species, and cultivars. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to measure the effect of nutrient doses on to peanut diseases. The treatments were quite effective to manage the peanut diseases in kharif (Kh) as well as in rabi-summer (RS). All the treatments, applied however significantly reduced the soil borne as well as foliar fungal disease in comparison to control (without any external supply of nutrients). In kharif severity of ELS, LLS and Rust was (6.9) (4.4) and (6.2), respectively while it was highest in control (T7) and the per cent disease incidence of soil borne disease viz. aflaroot, collar rot and stem rot observed (2.5, 3.9 and 13.2 respectively) in T1 while it was (4.5, 5.7 and 16.8 respectively) in control (T7).  In rabi stem rot incidence (21.3%) was recorded in control while it was lowest (9.7%) in the treatment T3 (25:50:0 NPK + 500 kg gypsum ha-1 + 2.5 kg zinc ha-1). The pod and haulm yield was recorded for effectiveness of different treatment on yield and found that the treatment  T1 (25:50:0 NPK + 500 kg Gypsum+ 2.5 kg zinc+ 1 kg Boron) significantly increased the yield up to 40.5%. In both season T1 (25:50:0 NPK + 500 kg Gypsum+ 2.5 kg zinc + 1 kg Boron) reduces the disease severity significantly. 

REFERENCES

  1. Beasley, J., Baldwin, J., and Padgett, B. (1997). Peanut Production Field Guide. Univ. of Ga. Coop. Ext. Serv. College of Agric. and Env. Sci. Bulletin 1146. 86 pp.
  2. Chattopadhyay C., Kolte S. J., and Waliyar, F. (2016). Section II. Peanut, in: Diseases of Edible Oilseed Crops. Pages 13-145. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742.
  3. DGR, (2014). Annual report of AICRP on Groundnut 2014-15 (kharif, p 1-123 and rabi pp 43), ICAR-DGR, Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
  4. Dordas Christos. (2008). Role of nutrients in controlling plant diseases in sustainable agriculture- A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 28: 33-46. 
  5. El Korashy M. A. (2001). Disease incidence and yield of peanut as affected by gypsum amendment, soil moisture and fertilization. Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor. 39: 211-224.
  6. Engelhard AW. (1990). Historical highlights and prospects for the future, In: Soilborne Plant Pathogens: Management of diseases with macro- and microelements, [edited by Engelhard AW]. The American Phytopathological Society. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. Pp 9-17.
  7. Fageria Nand Kumar, Virupax C. Baligar and Charles Allan Jones. (2011). The Effects of Essential Nutrients on Plant Diseases In: Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Field Crops, Third Edition, Pages 195–218. 
  8. FAO, (2013). http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/Q/QC/E. Accessed 28 September 2015.
  9. GOI, (2014). Statistical Appendix: Economic Survey 2014-15, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, p 148. http://indiabudget.nic.in/  es2014-15/estat1.pdf. Accessed 28 September 2015.
  10. Huber D. M. and Haneklaus. S. (2007). Managing nutrition to control plant disease. LandbauforschungVölkenrode. 57:313-322. 
  11. Ihejirika G. O., Nwufo M. I., Oputa E., Obilo O. P., Ogbede K. O. and Onyia V. N. (2006). Effects of NPK fertilizer rates and plant population on foliar diseases, insect damage and yield of groundnut. Journal of Plant Sciences. 1: 362-367.
  12. Jadon K. S. and Tiwari P. K. (2011). Pathogen physiology and management of Brinjal collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Ann. Pl. Protec. Sci. 19: 113-117. 
  13. Kumar Vinod, Ghewande M. P., Girdhar I. K., Padavi R. D., and Bhalodia P. K. (2010). Effect of salinity stress on foliar fungal diseases of groundnut. Indian Phytopathology. 63: 273-277. 
  14. Khatun F., Alam, M. S., Hossain, M.A., Alam, S. and Malaker. P.K. (2011). Effect of NPK on the incidence of alternaria leaf blight of mustard. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36: 407-413.
  15. LAVKOR Iþýlay and Mehmet BÝÇÝCÝ. (2015). The effect of nutrients on fungal diseases in peanut cultivation. BÝTKÝ KORUMA BÜLTENÝ. 55: 53-71. 
  16. Meena, S., Malarkodi, M. and Senthilvalavan P. (2007). Secondary and micronutrients for groundnut– a review. Agric. Rev. 28: 295-300. 
  17. Mehan, V.K., Mayee, C.D., Brenneman, T.B., and McDonald, D. (1995). Stem and pod rots of groundnut. (In En. Summaries in En, Fr, and Es.) Information Bulletin no. 44. Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics and Griffin, GA 30223, USA: Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program. 28 pp. ISBN 92-    9066-314-6. 
  18. Moss, J. P., and Rao, R. R. (1995). The peanut – reproductive development to plant maturity. In Advances in Peanut Science. American Peanut Research and Education Society, Inc. Stillwater, Oklahoma. pp. 1-13.
  19. Naab J. B., Prasad, P. V. V., Boote K. J. and Jones. J.W. (2009). Response of peanut to fungicide and phosphorus in on-station and on-    farm tests in Ghana. Peanut Science. 36:157–164. 
  20. Onobri A. (2007). Routine statistical analysis of field experiments by using an excel extension. Proceedings 6th national conference Italian Biometric Society: “La statistica nelle science della vita e dell anb I ante” Pisa, 20–22 June, pp. 93–96.
  21. Porter D. M., and Adamsen F. J. |(1993). Effect of sodic water and irrigation on sodium levels and the development of early leaf spot in peanuts. Plant Dis. 77:480-483.
  22. Punja Z. K. (1990). Influence of nitrogen and calcium compounds on development of disease due to Sclerotium rolfsii. In: Soilborne Plant Pathogens: Management of diseases with macro- and microelements, edited by Engelhard AW. The American Phytopathological Society. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. Pp 75—89.
  23. Singh S. R., Jain A. K., Rathi B. K., and Singh O. P. (2008). Effect of inorganic fertilizers on collar rot of lentil caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Agricultural Science Digest. 28: 309. 
  24. Singh, G.P., Singh, P.L. and Panwar A.S. (2011). Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) to biofertilizer, organic and inorganic sources of nutrient in North East India. Legume Res. 34: 196 – 201. 
  25. Subrahmanyam P, Wongkaew S, Reddy DVR, Demski JW, McDonald D, Sharma SB, Smith DH, Nigam SN, and Sudini H. (2012). Field diagnosis of groundnut diseases. Information Bulletin no. 36 (revised). (in En. Fr. Summaries in En, Fr, Es.) Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 88 pp. ISBN 92-9066-255-7. 
  26. Subrahmanyam, P., McDonald, D., Waliyar, E, Reddy, L.J., Nigam, S.N., Gibbons, RW., Ramanatha Rao, v., Singh, A.K., Pande, S., Reddy, P.M., and Subba Rao, P.V. (1995). Screening methods and sources of resistance to rust and late leaf spot of groundnut. (In En. Summaries in En, Fr, Sp, and Pt.) Information Bulletin no. 47. Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 24 pp. ISBN 92-9066-319-7. 
  27. Zachée Ambang, Bekolo Ndongo, Bime, Dooh Ngoh, Yalen Maho and Godswill Ntsomboh. (2008). Effect of mycorrhizal inoculum and urea fertilizer on diseases development and yield of groundnut crops (Arachis hypogaea L.). African Journal of Biotechnology. 7: 2823-2827.
  28. Zhan Jiamusi, Peter H. Thrall, and Jeremy J. Burdon. (2014). Achieving sustainable plant disease management through evolutionary principles. Trends in Plant Science. 19: 570-575. 
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    Research Article

    volume 41 issue 2 (april 2018) : 316-321,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3835

    Management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diseases through nutrient supplements

    K
    K.S. Jadon
    P
    P.P. Thirumalaisamy
    V
    V.G. Koradia
    R
    R.D. Padavi
    1ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Ivnagar Road, PB. No. 5, Junagadh-362 001, Gujarat, India.

    • Submitted16-01-2017|

    • Accepted06-10-2017|

    • First Online 17-04-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3835

    Cite article:- Jadon K.S., Thirumalaisamy P.P., Koradia V.G., Padavi R.D. (2018). Management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diseases through nutrient supplements. Legume Research. 41(2): 316-321. doi: 10.18805/LR-3835.

    ABSTRACT

    Crop responses to mineral nutrients may be conducive or adverse to diseases, depending on disease type, severity, crop species, and cultivars. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to measure the effect of nutrient doses on to peanut diseases. The treatments were quite effective to manage the peanut diseases in kharif (Kh) as well as in rabi-summer (RS). All the treatments, applied however significantly reduced the soil borne as well as foliar fungal disease in comparison to control (without any external supply of nutrients). In kharif severity of ELS, LLS and Rust was (6.9) (4.4) and (6.2), respectively while it was highest in control (T7) and the per cent disease incidence of soil borne disease viz. aflaroot, collar rot and stem rot observed (2.5, 3.9 and 13.2 respectively) in T1 while it was (4.5, 5.7 and 16.8 respectively) in control (T7).  In rabi stem rot incidence (21.3%) was recorded in control while it was lowest (9.7%) in the treatment T3 (25:50:0 NPK + 500 kg gypsum ha-1 + 2.5 kg zinc ha-1). The pod and haulm yield was recorded for effectiveness of different treatment on yield and found that the treatment  T1 (25:50:0 NPK + 500 kg Gypsum+ 2.5 kg zinc+ 1 kg Boron) significantly increased the yield up to 40.5%. In both season T1 (25:50:0 NPK + 500 kg Gypsum+ 2.5 kg zinc + 1 kg Boron) reduces the disease severity significantly. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Beasley, J., Baldwin, J., and Padgett, B. (1997). Peanut Production Field Guide. Univ. of Ga. Coop. Ext. Serv. College of Agric. and Env. Sci. Bulletin 1146. 86 pp.
    2. Chattopadhyay C., Kolte S. J., and Waliyar, F. (2016). Section II. Peanut, in: Diseases of Edible Oilseed Crops. Pages 13-145. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742.
    3. DGR, (2014). Annual report of AICRP on Groundnut 2014-15 (kharif, p 1-123 and rabi pp 43), ICAR-DGR, Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
    4. Dordas Christos. (2008). Role of nutrients in controlling plant diseases in sustainable agriculture- A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 28: 33-46. 
    5. El Korashy M. A. (2001). Disease incidence and yield of peanut as affected by gypsum amendment, soil moisture and fertilization. Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor. 39: 211-224.
    6. Engelhard AW. (1990). Historical highlights and prospects for the future, In: Soilborne Plant Pathogens: Management of diseases with macro- and microelements, [edited by Engelhard AW]. The American Phytopathological Society. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. Pp 9-17.
    7. Fageria Nand Kumar, Virupax C. Baligar and Charles Allan Jones. (2011). The Effects of Essential Nutrients on Plant Diseases In: Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Field Crops, Third Edition, Pages 195–218. 
    8. FAO, (2013). http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/Q/QC/E. Accessed 28 September 2015.
    9. GOI, (2014). Statistical Appendix: Economic Survey 2014-15, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, p 148. http://indiabudget.nic.in/  es2014-15/estat1.pdf. Accessed 28 September 2015.
    10. Huber D. M. and Haneklaus. S. (2007). Managing nutrition to control plant disease. LandbauforschungVölkenrode. 57:313-322. 
    11. Ihejirika G. O., Nwufo M. I., Oputa E., Obilo O. P., Ogbede K. O. and Onyia V. N. (2006). Effects of NPK fertilizer rates and plant population on foliar diseases, insect damage and yield of groundnut. Journal of Plant Sciences. 1: 362-367.
    12. Jadon K. S. and Tiwari P. K. (2011). Pathogen physiology and management of Brinjal collar rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Ann. Pl. Protec. Sci. 19: 113-117. 
    13. Kumar Vinod, Ghewande M. P., Girdhar I. K., Padavi R. D., and Bhalodia P. K. (2010). Effect of salinity stress on foliar fungal diseases of groundnut. Indian Phytopathology. 63: 273-277. 
    14. Khatun F., Alam, M. S., Hossain, M.A., Alam, S. and Malaker. P.K. (2011). Effect of NPK on the incidence of alternaria leaf blight of mustard. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36: 407-413.
    15. LAVKOR Iþýlay and Mehmet BÝÇÝCÝ. (2015). The effect of nutrients on fungal diseases in peanut cultivation. BÝTKÝ KORUMA BÜLTENÝ. 55: 53-71. 
    16. Meena, S., Malarkodi, M. and Senthilvalavan P. (2007). Secondary and micronutrients for groundnut– a review. Agric. Rev. 28: 295-300. 
    17. Mehan, V.K., Mayee, C.D., Brenneman, T.B., and McDonald, D. (1995). Stem and pod rots of groundnut. (In En. Summaries in En, Fr, and Es.) Information Bulletin no. 44. Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics and Griffin, GA 30223, USA: Peanut Collaborative Research Support Program. 28 pp. ISBN 92-    9066-314-6. 
    18. Moss, J. P., and Rao, R. R. (1995). The peanut – reproductive development to plant maturity. In Advances in Peanut Science. American Peanut Research and Education Society, Inc. Stillwater, Oklahoma. pp. 1-13.
    19. Naab J. B., Prasad, P. V. V., Boote K. J. and Jones. J.W. (2009). Response of peanut to fungicide and phosphorus in on-station and on-    farm tests in Ghana. Peanut Science. 36:157–164. 
    20. Onobri A. (2007). Routine statistical analysis of field experiments by using an excel extension. Proceedings 6th national conference Italian Biometric Society: “La statistica nelle science della vita e dell anb I ante” Pisa, 20–22 June, pp. 93–96.
    21. Porter D. M., and Adamsen F. J. |(1993). Effect of sodic water and irrigation on sodium levels and the development of early leaf spot in peanuts. Plant Dis. 77:480-483.
    22. Punja Z. K. (1990). Influence of nitrogen and calcium compounds on development of disease due to Sclerotium rolfsii. In: Soilborne Plant Pathogens: Management of diseases with macro- and microelements, edited by Engelhard AW. The American Phytopathological Society. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. Pp 75—89.
    23. Singh S. R., Jain A. K., Rathi B. K., and Singh O. P. (2008). Effect of inorganic fertilizers on collar rot of lentil caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Agricultural Science Digest. 28: 309. 
    24. Singh, G.P., Singh, P.L. and Panwar A.S. (2011). Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) to biofertilizer, organic and inorganic sources of nutrient in North East India. Legume Res. 34: 196 – 201. 
    25. Subrahmanyam P, Wongkaew S, Reddy DVR, Demski JW, McDonald D, Sharma SB, Smith DH, Nigam SN, and Sudini H. (2012). Field diagnosis of groundnut diseases. Information Bulletin no. 36 (revised). (in En. Fr. Summaries in En, Fr, Es.) Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 88 pp. ISBN 92-9066-255-7. 
    26. Subrahmanyam, P., McDonald, D., Waliyar, E, Reddy, L.J., Nigam, S.N., Gibbons, RW., Ramanatha Rao, v., Singh, A.K., Pande, S., Reddy, P.M., and Subba Rao, P.V. (1995). Screening methods and sources of resistance to rust and late leaf spot of groundnut. (In En. Summaries in En, Fr, Sp, and Pt.) Information Bulletin no. 47. Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 24 pp. ISBN 92-9066-319-7. 
    27. Zachée Ambang, Bekolo Ndongo, Bime, Dooh Ngoh, Yalen Maho and Godswill Ntsomboh. (2008). Effect of mycorrhizal inoculum and urea fertilizer on diseases development and yield of groundnut crops (Arachis hypogaea L.). African Journal of Biotechnology. 7: 2823-2827.
    28. Zhan Jiamusi, Peter H. Thrall, and Jeremy J. Burdon. (2014). Achieving sustainable plant disease management through evolutionary principles. Trends in Plant Science. 19: 570-575. 
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