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Research Article

volume 42 issue 1 (february 2019) : 114-118,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3827

Performance of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars under organic mulches in Meghalayan Plateau of North Eastern India 

Y
Y. Marwein
L
Lala I.P. Ray
1School of Natural Resource Management, College of Postgraduate Studies, Central Agricultural University, Imphal,Umiam-793 103, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya, India.

  • Submitted05-01-2017|

  • Accepted12-02-2018|

  • First Online 11-06-2018|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3827

Cite article:- Marwein Y., Ray I.P. Lala (2018). Performance of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars under organic mulches in Meghalayan Plateau of North Eastern India. Legume Research. 42(1): 114-118. doi: 10.18805/LR-3827.

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted at college of postgraduate studies farm during winter season of 2015-16 in Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya to study the effect of two different organic mulch on rajma cultivars. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three main plot treatments (mulching practices) and four sub-plot treatments (rajma cultivars) and replicate thrice. It was recorded during this field investigation, that the performance of weed mulch was better over maize stover and no mulch. The emergence percentage (89%) was better under weed mulching. The plant parameters, viz., plant height (51.19 cm after 60 DAS), number of branches per plant (7.84 after 60 DAS), pod length (15.05 cm), dry matter accumulation per meter square (1.15 kg), number of seeds per pod (6.48) was found significantly higher for the cultivar Selection-9 over remaining three varieties. Yield of 2.37 t ha-1 was recorded for weed mulch, followed by maize stover mulch (2.22 t ha-1) and no mulch (2.05 t ha-1). Similarly, weed mulch registered highest harvest index of 41.09% followed by maize stover mulch. The average yield of Selection-9 was found to be 2.52 t ha-1 which was higher significantly over other three cultivars.

REFERENCES

  1. Ahmed, F.E., Suliman, A.S.H. (2010). Effect of water stress applied at different stages of growth on seed yield and water-use efficiency of Cowpea. North America J. of Agriculture and Biology 8: 215-351.
  2. Al-Suhaibani, N.A. (2009). Influence of early water deficit on seed yield and quality of faba bean under arid environment of Saudi Arabia. J. of Agric. and Environmental Sci., 5: 649-654.
  3. Anonymous-I. (2016). Annual Report. ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Region, Umroi Road, Umiam-793103, Meghalaya.
  4. Anonymous-II. (2012). Annual Report. Indian Institute of Pulse Research, Kanpur.
  5. Bu, L., Liua, J., Zhu, Luo, S., Chen, X., Li, S., Hill, R.L., Zhao, Y. (2013). The effects of mulching on maize growth, yield and water use in a semi-arid region. Agric. Water Manage., 123: 71-78.
  6. Chavan, M.L., Phad, P.R., Khodke, U.M. and Jadhav, S.B. (2010). Effect of organic mulches on soil moisture conservation and yield of rabi sorghum (M-35-1). Int. J. of Agri. Engg., 2(2): 322-328.
  7. Chinnathurai, S.J., Veeramani, A., Prema, P. (2012). Weed dynamics, yield and economics of pigeonpea influenced by growth promoters and mulching. Indian Journal of Weed Science 44(3): 186-190.
  8. Das, R., Thapa, U., Debnath, S., Lyngdoh, Y.A., Mallick, D. (2014). Evaluation of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for seed production. J. Appl. and Nat. Sci., 6(2): 594-598.
  9. Emam, Y., Shekofa, A., Salehi, F., Jalali, A.H. (2010). Water stress effects on two common bean cultivars with contrasting growth habits. J. of Agriculture and Environmental Sci., 9: 495-499.
  10. FAOSTAT. (2016). Data Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of United Nations. htm.
  11. Karunakaran, V., Behera, U.K. (2013). Effect of tillage management and crop establishment techniques on energetic, water use efficiency and economics in soybean (Glycine max)–Wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system. Indian J.Agron., 58(1): 42-47.
  12. Khonok, A., Gohari, A.A., Dargah, R.E. (2012). Effect of irrigation management and straw mulch on yield of common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Am-Euras. J. Agron., 5(3): 40-43.
  13. Liasu, M.O., Achakzai, A.K.K. (2007). Influence of Tithonia diversifolia leaf mulch and fertilizer application on the growth and yield of potted tomato plants. American Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 2(4): 335-340.
  14. Madhu, M., Hatfield, J.L. (2014). Interaction of carbon dioxide enrichment and soil moisture on photosynthesis and transpiration and water use efficiency of soyabean. Agricultural Sciences, 5: 410-129.
  15. Marwein, Y., Ray, L.I.P. and Dey, J.K. (2017). Influence of mulch on depletion pattern of in situ soil moisture in Rajma (Kidney Beans) crop system of Meghalaya. Journal of E planet. 15(1):55-60.
  16. Marwein, Y. (2016). Influence of organic mulching on soil moisture and yield of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties under mid altitude of Meghalaya. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis. Submitted to the Central Agricultural University,Imphal. Pp 76. 
  17. Nwokwu, G., Aniekwe, L. (2014). Impact of different mulching materials on the growth and yield of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria. J. of Biology Agriculture and Healthcare, 4(23): 22-30.
  18. Pandey, Y.R., Gautam, D.M., Thapa, R.B., Sharma, M.D., Paudyal, K.P. (2011). “Variability of French bean in the western mid hills of Nepal”. Kasetsart J., 45(5): 780-792.
  19. Parmar H.N., Polara, N.D. and Viradiya, R.R. (2013). Effect of mulching material on growth, yield and quality of watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus Thunb) Cv. Kiran. Universal J. of Agricultural Res., 1(2): 30-37.
  20. Patil, S.L., Sheelavantar, Shashidar, K.C. (2011). Growth and yield of winter sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Monech) as influenced by rain water conservation practices, organic materials and nitrogen application in Vertisols of Semi Arid Tropical India. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 39(1): 50-58.
  21. Prasad, B.V.G., Chakravorty, S., Saren, B.K., Panda, D. (2014). Effect of mulching on physiological growth determinants of productivity in french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Hort. Flora Res. Spectrum, 3(2): 162-165. 
  22. Rashid, A.S.M.H., Hossain, M.M. (2014).Yield and quality of green pod production of bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as influenced by harvesting time. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (11): 1221-1227.
  23. Reddy, M., Thimmegowdda, M.N., Ramachandrappa, B.K., Herbal, N. (2016). Effect of moisture conservation practices on productivity and economics of finger millet and pigeon pea intercropping system in the dry zone of Eastern Karnataka. e-planet,14(1): 53-57.
  24. Roy, S., Arunachalam, K., Dutta, B.K., Arunachalam, A. (2010). Effect of organic amendments of soil on growth and productivity of three common crops viz. Zea mays, Phaseolus vulgaris and Abelmoschus esculentus. Applied Soil Ecology, 45: 78-84.
  25. Saikia, U.S., Kumar, A., Das, S., Pradhan, R., Goswami, B., Wungleng, V.C., Rajkhowa, D.J. and Ngachan, S.V. (2014). Effect of mulching on micro-clilimate and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea) under mid-hill condition of Meghalaya. J. of Agrometeorology 16(1): 144-145.
  26. Sarangi, S.K., Saikia, U.S. and Lama, T.D. (2010). Effect of rice (Oryza sativa) straw mulching on the performance of rapeseed (Brassica campestris) varieties in rice-rapeseed cropping system. Indian J. of Agric Sci, 80(7): 603-605.
  27. Sinkevièienë, A., Jodaugienë, D., Pupalienë, R. and Urbonienë, M. (2009). The influence of organic mulches on soil properties and crop yield. Agronomy Res., 7(1): 485-491.
  28. Tao, Z., Li, C., Li, J., Ding, Z., Xu, J., Sun, X., Zhou, P., Zhao, M. (2015). Tillage and straw mulching impacts on grain yield and water use efficiency of spring maize in Northern Huang-Huai-Hai valley. The crop Journal, 3: 445-450.
  29. Yadav, B.V.S., Srinivasulu, B., Reddy, P.S.S., Balakrishna, M. (2015). Influence of sowing dates on growth and yield of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties under Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh. J. of Agroecology and Natural Resource Manage., 2(2): 145-149.
  30. Zamir, M.S.I., Javeed, H.M.R., Ahmem, W., Ahmed, A.U.H., Sarwar, N.,et al. (2013). Effect of tillage and organic mulches on growth, yield and quality of autumn planted maize (Zea mays L.) and soil physical properties. Cercetãri Agronomice în Moldova., 2(154): 17-26.
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    Research Article

    volume 42 issue 1 (february 2019) : 114-118,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3827

    Performance of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars under organic mulches in Meghalayan Plateau of North Eastern India 

    Y
    Y. Marwein
    L
    Lala I.P. Ray
    1School of Natural Resource Management, College of Postgraduate Studies, Central Agricultural University, Imphal,Umiam-793 103, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya, India.

    • Submitted05-01-2017|

    • Accepted12-02-2018|

    • First Online 11-06-2018|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3827

    Cite article:- Marwein Y., Ray I.P. Lala (2018). Performance of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars under organic mulches in Meghalayan Plateau of North Eastern India. Legume Research. 42(1): 114-118. doi: 10.18805/LR-3827.

    ABSTRACT

    A field experiment was conducted at college of postgraduate studies farm during winter season of 2015-16 in Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya to study the effect of two different organic mulch on rajma cultivars. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three main plot treatments (mulching practices) and four sub-plot treatments (rajma cultivars) and replicate thrice. It was recorded during this field investigation, that the performance of weed mulch was better over maize stover and no mulch. The emergence percentage (89%) was better under weed mulching. The plant parameters, viz., plant height (51.19 cm after 60 DAS), number of branches per plant (7.84 after 60 DAS), pod length (15.05 cm), dry matter accumulation per meter square (1.15 kg), number of seeds per pod (6.48) was found significantly higher for the cultivar Selection-9 over remaining three varieties. Yield of 2.37 t ha-1 was recorded for weed mulch, followed by maize stover mulch (2.22 t ha-1) and no mulch (2.05 t ha-1). Similarly, weed mulch registered highest harvest index of 41.09% followed by maize stover mulch. The average yield of Selection-9 was found to be 2.52 t ha-1 which was higher significantly over other three cultivars.

    REFERENCES

    1. Ahmed, F.E., Suliman, A.S.H. (2010). Effect of water stress applied at different stages of growth on seed yield and water-use efficiency of Cowpea. North America J. of Agriculture and Biology 8: 215-351.
    2. Al-Suhaibani, N.A. (2009). Influence of early water deficit on seed yield and quality of faba bean under arid environment of Saudi Arabia. J. of Agric. and Environmental Sci., 5: 649-654.
    3. Anonymous-I. (2016). Annual Report. ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Region, Umroi Road, Umiam-793103, Meghalaya.
    4. Anonymous-II. (2012). Annual Report. Indian Institute of Pulse Research, Kanpur.
    5. Bu, L., Liua, J., Zhu, Luo, S., Chen, X., Li, S., Hill, R.L., Zhao, Y. (2013). The effects of mulching on maize growth, yield and water use in a semi-arid region. Agric. Water Manage., 123: 71-78.
    6. Chavan, M.L., Phad, P.R., Khodke, U.M. and Jadhav, S.B. (2010). Effect of organic mulches on soil moisture conservation and yield of rabi sorghum (M-35-1). Int. J. of Agri. Engg., 2(2): 322-328.
    7. Chinnathurai, S.J., Veeramani, A., Prema, P. (2012). Weed dynamics, yield and economics of pigeonpea influenced by growth promoters and mulching. Indian Journal of Weed Science 44(3): 186-190.
    8. Das, R., Thapa, U., Debnath, S., Lyngdoh, Y.A., Mallick, D. (2014). Evaluation of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for seed production. J. Appl. and Nat. Sci., 6(2): 594-598.
    9. Emam, Y., Shekofa, A., Salehi, F., Jalali, A.H. (2010). Water stress effects on two common bean cultivars with contrasting growth habits. J. of Agriculture and Environmental Sci., 9: 495-499.
    10. FAOSTAT. (2016). Data Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of United Nations. htm.
    11. Karunakaran, V., Behera, U.K. (2013). Effect of tillage management and crop establishment techniques on energetic, water use efficiency and economics in soybean (Glycine max)–Wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping system. Indian J.Agron., 58(1): 42-47.
    12. Khonok, A., Gohari, A.A., Dargah, R.E. (2012). Effect of irrigation management and straw mulch on yield of common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Am-Euras. J. Agron., 5(3): 40-43.
    13. Liasu, M.O., Achakzai, A.K.K. (2007). Influence of Tithonia diversifolia leaf mulch and fertilizer application on the growth and yield of potted tomato plants. American Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 2(4): 335-340.
    14. Madhu, M., Hatfield, J.L. (2014). Interaction of carbon dioxide enrichment and soil moisture on photosynthesis and transpiration and water use efficiency of soyabean. Agricultural Sciences, 5: 410-129.
    15. Marwein, Y., Ray, L.I.P. and Dey, J.K. (2017). Influence of mulch on depletion pattern of in situ soil moisture in Rajma (Kidney Beans) crop system of Meghalaya. Journal of E planet. 15(1):55-60.
    16. Marwein, Y. (2016). Influence of organic mulching on soil moisture and yield of rajma (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties under mid altitude of Meghalaya. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis. Submitted to the Central Agricultural University,Imphal. Pp 76. 
    17. Nwokwu, G., Aniekwe, L. (2014). Impact of different mulching materials on the growth and yield of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria. J. of Biology Agriculture and Healthcare, 4(23): 22-30.
    18. Pandey, Y.R., Gautam, D.M., Thapa, R.B., Sharma, M.D., Paudyal, K.P. (2011). “Variability of French bean in the western mid hills of Nepal”. Kasetsart J., 45(5): 780-792.
    19. Parmar H.N., Polara, N.D. and Viradiya, R.R. (2013). Effect of mulching material on growth, yield and quality of watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus Thunb) Cv. Kiran. Universal J. of Agricultural Res., 1(2): 30-37.
    20. Patil, S.L., Sheelavantar, Shashidar, K.C. (2011). Growth and yield of winter sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Monech) as influenced by rain water conservation practices, organic materials and nitrogen application in Vertisols of Semi Arid Tropical India. Indian J. Soil Conserv., 39(1): 50-58.
    21. Prasad, B.V.G., Chakravorty, S., Saren, B.K., Panda, D. (2014). Effect of mulching on physiological growth determinants of productivity in french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Hort. Flora Res. Spectrum, 3(2): 162-165. 
    22. Rashid, A.S.M.H., Hossain, M.M. (2014).Yield and quality of green pod production of bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as influenced by harvesting time. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (11): 1221-1227.
    23. Reddy, M., Thimmegowdda, M.N., Ramachandrappa, B.K., Herbal, N. (2016). Effect of moisture conservation practices on productivity and economics of finger millet and pigeon pea intercropping system in the dry zone of Eastern Karnataka. e-planet,14(1): 53-57.
    24. Roy, S., Arunachalam, K., Dutta, B.K., Arunachalam, A. (2010). Effect of organic amendments of soil on growth and productivity of three common crops viz. Zea mays, Phaseolus vulgaris and Abelmoschus esculentus. Applied Soil Ecology, 45: 78-84.
    25. Saikia, U.S., Kumar, A., Das, S., Pradhan, R., Goswami, B., Wungleng, V.C., Rajkhowa, D.J. and Ngachan, S.V. (2014). Effect of mulching on micro-clilimate and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea) under mid-hill condition of Meghalaya. J. of Agrometeorology 16(1): 144-145.
    26. Sarangi, S.K., Saikia, U.S. and Lama, T.D. (2010). Effect of rice (Oryza sativa) straw mulching on the performance of rapeseed (Brassica campestris) varieties in rice-rapeseed cropping system. Indian J. of Agric Sci, 80(7): 603-605.
    27. Sinkevièienë, A., Jodaugienë, D., Pupalienë, R. and Urbonienë, M. (2009). The influence of organic mulches on soil properties and crop yield. Agronomy Res., 7(1): 485-491.
    28. Tao, Z., Li, C., Li, J., Ding, Z., Xu, J., Sun, X., Zhou, P., Zhao, M. (2015). Tillage and straw mulching impacts on grain yield and water use efficiency of spring maize in Northern Huang-Huai-Hai valley. The crop Journal, 3: 445-450.
    29. Yadav, B.V.S., Srinivasulu, B., Reddy, P.S.S., Balakrishna, M. (2015). Influence of sowing dates on growth and yield of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties under Rayalaseema Region of Andhra Pradesh. J. of Agroecology and Natural Resource Manage., 2(2): 145-149.
    30. Zamir, M.S.I., Javeed, H.M.R., Ahmem, W., Ahmed, A.U.H., Sarwar, N.,et al. (2013). Effect of tillage and organic mulches on growth, yield and quality of autumn planted maize (Zea mays L.) and soil physical properties. Cercetãri Agronomice în Moldova., 2(154): 17-26.
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