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Research Article

volume 41 issue 4 (august 2018) : 629-635,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3751

Exotic pulse beetles intercepted in imported legume germplasm

K
Kavita Gupta
S
Shashi Bhalla
S
S.P. Singh
D
D.S. Meena
1ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi-110 012

  • Submitted14-07-2016|

  • Accepted29-10-2016|

  • First Online 18-09-2017|

  • doi 10.18805/LR-3751

Cite article:- Gupta Kavita, Bhalla Shashi, Singh S.P., Meena D.S. (2017). Exotic pulse beetles intercepted in imported legume germplasm. Legume Research. 41(4): 629-635. doi: 10.18805/LR-3751.

ABSTRACT

Quarantine examination of 13,29,901 imported seed samples of various crops during 1999- 2014 revealed presence of exotic bruchids commonly called seed or pulse beetles in 2,819 samples which were detected by X-ray radiography. Thirteen exotic bruchid species viz., Acanthoscelides desmanthi in Desmanths spp. from Colombia, A. obtectus in Phaseolus vulgaris from Argentina, Colombia Mexico, Peru; Bruchidius atrolineatus in Vigna unguiculata from Nigeria; Bruchus affinis in Vicia faba from Afghanistan;  B. dentipes in Vicia spp. from Afghanistan, ICARDA (Syria) and Syria; B. ervi in Lens spp. from Afghanistan, Chile, Cyprus, Ethiopia, Germany, Greece, ICARDA (Syria), Iran, Iraq, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Mexico, Morocco, Russian Federation, Syria and Turkey; B. nubilis  in V. faba from Ukraine; B. rufimanus in V. faba from Afghanistan, Canada, Spain and Syria; B. signaticornis in L. culinaris from ICARDA (Syria); B. tristis in Lathyrus odoratus from ICARDA (Syria); B. tristiculus in V. narborensis from Portugal; Callosobruchus rhodesianus in Vigna unguiculata from Nigeria and C. subinnotatus in V. subterranea from Ghana were intercepted. Many of the pulse beetles were intercepted repeatedly from the same/ different source(s) year after year. All the infested samples were salvaged using suitable disinfestation treatments. None of the intercepted beetles are yet reported from India, and are therefore, of high quarantine significance.

REFERENCES

  1. Bashar, M. A. (1994). Pupal period and adult emergence of Bruchus affinis Froel. (Col: Bruchidae) in autumn in the south-west of France. Bangladesh Journal of Zoology. 22, 101-108. 
  2. Bhalla, S., Kapur M. L., Gupta K., Lal B. and Khetarpal R. K. (2006). Check-list of bruchids associated with different plant genera. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
  3. Bhalla, S., Kapur M. L., Lal B., Verma B. R. and Singh C. (2002). Quarantine risk associated with exchange of plant genera carrying hidden infestation. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 15: 160- 163.
  4. Boughdad, A. and Lauge G. (1997). Vicia faba L. seed infestation and losses due to Bruchus rufimanus Boh. (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) in Morocco. Al-Awamia Public. 97: 27-39.
  5. CABI.(2007). Crop Protection Compendium. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, CD Rom.
  6. Coutin, R. and Moreau B. (1978). Diseases and insects of the lentil. The pulses: Green lentil, kidney bean, split pea:-Les-legumes-secs. Lentille-verte -haricot- flageolet -pois-de-casserie 95-101.
  7. Gupta, K., Bano R., Gupta C. S., Bhalla S., Kapur M. L. and Lal B. (2011). Digital Library on Bruchids. Available at http://    202.141.12.150/bruchid-library/ accessed on 20.6.2015.
  8. Gupta, K., Bhalla S., Kapur M. L., Singh C., Kumar N., Baloda R. S., Meenakshi and Lal B. (2005). Insect-pests intercepted in introduced planting material during quarantine processing from 2000- 2004. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 18: 133-136.
  9. Gupta, K., Bhalla, S., Lal B., Kapur, M. L., Singh, C., Bano, R., Singh, S., Thakur, M. and Khetarpal, R. K. (2010). Interception of insect pests in imported seed germplasm during 2007-08. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 81: 100-103.
  10. Hariri, G. (1981). Insects and other pests. Lentils, Webb, C. & G. Hawtin (eds.), CABI, UK. pp. 173-189.
  11. Hariri, G. and Tahhan O. (1983). Insect damage and grain yield of fababean, lentil and chickpea. Proceedings 10th International Congress of Plant Protection Aleppo University, Syria. p 127. Volume 1. November 20-25, 1983, Brighton, England. 
  12. Howe, R. W. and Currie E. (1964). Some laboratory observations on the rates of development, mortality and oviposition of several species of Bruchidae breeding in stored pulses. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 55: 437-477.
  13. Kaura, S. (1959). A new transparency method for detecting internal infestation in grains. Grain Storage Newsletter. 1: 12.
  14. Khetarpal, R. K., Lal A., Varaprasad K. S., Agarwal P. C., Bhalla S., Chalam V. C. and Gupta K. (2006). Quarantine for Safe Exchange of Plant Genetic Resources. Singh A. K., S. Saxena, K. Srinivasan and B. S. Dhillon (eds), 100 years of PGR Management in India, pp. 83-108. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
  15. Kossou, D. K., Gbehounou G., Ahanchede A., Ahohuendo B., Bouraima Y. and Van A. (2001). Indigenous cowpea production and protection practices in Benin. Insect Science Applicata. 21: 123-132.
  16. Lale, N. E. S. and Vidal S. (2000). Mortality of different developmental stages of Callosobruchus maculatus F. and Callosobruchus subinnotatus Pic. (Coleoptera Bruchidae) in bambara groundnut Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. seeds exposed to simulated solar heat. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 107: 553-559.
  17. Mansour, M. Y. and Al Bacheer M. (1995). Gamma irradiation as a disinfestation and quarantine treatment for faba bean seeds infested with Bruchus dentipes Baudi (Col., Bruchidae). Journal of Applied Entomology. 119: 631-636.
  18. Mbata, G. N., Shu S. and Ramaswamy S. B. (2000). Sex pheromones of Callosobruchus subinnotatus and C. maculatus (Coleoptera Bruchidae): congeneric responses and role of air movement. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 90: 147-154.
  19. Meirleire De H. (1967). La bruche du haricot. Phytoma 19: 11-133.
  20. Mozoz, M., Mozos M. D. and Los Mozos M. D. (1992). Bruchids (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) associated with the cultivation of lentils (Lens culinaris Medikus) in Castilla-La Mancha: species implicated and pest evaluation. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal 18: 347-353.
  21. Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import into India) Order. (2003). (http://plantquarantineindia.nic.in/pqispub/pdffiles/pqorder2015.pdf).
  22. Southgate, B. J. (1978). The importance of the bruchidae as pests of grain legumes, their distribution and control. Singh, S. R., Van Embden H. F. and Taylor A.T. (eds) Pests of Grain Legumes: Ecology and Control. Academic Press, UK. pp 220- 229.
  23. Southgate, B. J. (1979). Biology of the Bruchidae. Annual Review of Entomology. 24: 449-473.
  24. Thakur, D.R. (2012).Taxonomy, Distribution and Pest Status of Indian Biotypes of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) -A New Record. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 44: 89-195. 
  25. Verma, B. R., Kapur M. L. and Lal B. (1991). A new host record for Bruchus ervi Froelich (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Indian Journal of Entomology. 53: 171-172. 
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    Research Article

    volume 41 issue 4 (august 2018) : 629-635,   Doi: 10.18805/LR-3751

    Exotic pulse beetles intercepted in imported legume germplasm

    K
    Kavita Gupta
    S
    Shashi Bhalla
    S
    S.P. Singh
    D
    D.S. Meena
    1ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi-110 012

    • Submitted14-07-2016|

    • Accepted29-10-2016|

    • First Online 18-09-2017|

    • doi 10.18805/LR-3751

    Cite article:- Gupta Kavita, Bhalla Shashi, Singh S.P., Meena D.S. (2017). Exotic pulse beetles intercepted in imported legume germplasm. Legume Research. 41(4): 629-635. doi: 10.18805/LR-3751.

    ABSTRACT

    Quarantine examination of 13,29,901 imported seed samples of various crops during 1999- 2014 revealed presence of exotic bruchids commonly called seed or pulse beetles in 2,819 samples which were detected by X-ray radiography. Thirteen exotic bruchid species viz., Acanthoscelides desmanthi in Desmanths spp. from Colombia, A. obtectus in Phaseolus vulgaris from Argentina, Colombia Mexico, Peru; Bruchidius atrolineatus in Vigna unguiculata from Nigeria; Bruchus affinis in Vicia faba from Afghanistan;  B. dentipes in Vicia spp. from Afghanistan, ICARDA (Syria) and Syria; B. ervi in Lens spp. from Afghanistan, Chile, Cyprus, Ethiopia, Germany, Greece, ICARDA (Syria), Iran, Iraq, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Mexico, Morocco, Russian Federation, Syria and Turkey; B. nubilis  in V. faba from Ukraine; B. rufimanus in V. faba from Afghanistan, Canada, Spain and Syria; B. signaticornis in L. culinaris from ICARDA (Syria); B. tristis in Lathyrus odoratus from ICARDA (Syria); B. tristiculus in V. narborensis from Portugal; Callosobruchus rhodesianus in Vigna unguiculata from Nigeria and C. subinnotatus in V. subterranea from Ghana were intercepted. Many of the pulse beetles were intercepted repeatedly from the same/ different source(s) year after year. All the infested samples were salvaged using suitable disinfestation treatments. None of the intercepted beetles are yet reported from India, and are therefore, of high quarantine significance.

    REFERENCES

    1. Bashar, M. A. (1994). Pupal period and adult emergence of Bruchus affinis Froel. (Col: Bruchidae) in autumn in the south-west of France. Bangladesh Journal of Zoology. 22, 101-108. 
    2. Bhalla, S., Kapur M. L., Gupta K., Lal B. and Khetarpal R. K. (2006). Check-list of bruchids associated with different plant genera. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
    3. Bhalla, S., Kapur M. L., Lal B., Verma B. R. and Singh C. (2002). Quarantine risk associated with exchange of plant genera carrying hidden infestation. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 15: 160- 163.
    4. Boughdad, A. and Lauge G. (1997). Vicia faba L. seed infestation and losses due to Bruchus rufimanus Boh. (Coleoptera, Bruchidae) in Morocco. Al-Awamia Public. 97: 27-39.
    5. CABI.(2007). Crop Protection Compendium. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, CD Rom.
    6. Coutin, R. and Moreau B. (1978). Diseases and insects of the lentil. The pulses: Green lentil, kidney bean, split pea:-Les-legumes-secs. Lentille-verte -haricot- flageolet -pois-de-casserie 95-101.
    7. Gupta, K., Bano R., Gupta C. S., Bhalla S., Kapur M. L. and Lal B. (2011). Digital Library on Bruchids. Available at http://    202.141.12.150/bruchid-library/ accessed on 20.6.2015.
    8. Gupta, K., Bhalla S., Kapur M. L., Singh C., Kumar N., Baloda R. S., Meenakshi and Lal B. (2005). Insect-pests intercepted in introduced planting material during quarantine processing from 2000- 2004. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources. 18: 133-136.
    9. Gupta, K., Bhalla, S., Lal B., Kapur, M. L., Singh, C., Bano, R., Singh, S., Thakur, M. and Khetarpal, R. K. (2010). Interception of insect pests in imported seed germplasm during 2007-08. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 81: 100-103.
    10. Hariri, G. (1981). Insects and other pests. Lentils, Webb, C. & G. Hawtin (eds.), CABI, UK. pp. 173-189.
    11. Hariri, G. and Tahhan O. (1983). Insect damage and grain yield of fababean, lentil and chickpea. Proceedings 10th International Congress of Plant Protection Aleppo University, Syria. p 127. Volume 1. November 20-25, 1983, Brighton, England. 
    12. Howe, R. W. and Currie E. (1964). Some laboratory observations on the rates of development, mortality and oviposition of several species of Bruchidae breeding in stored pulses. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 55: 437-477.
    13. Kaura, S. (1959). A new transparency method for detecting internal infestation in grains. Grain Storage Newsletter. 1: 12.
    14. Khetarpal, R. K., Lal A., Varaprasad K. S., Agarwal P. C., Bhalla S., Chalam V. C. and Gupta K. (2006). Quarantine for Safe Exchange of Plant Genetic Resources. Singh A. K., S. Saxena, K. Srinivasan and B. S. Dhillon (eds), 100 years of PGR Management in India, pp. 83-108. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India.
    15. Kossou, D. K., Gbehounou G., Ahanchede A., Ahohuendo B., Bouraima Y. and Van A. (2001). Indigenous cowpea production and protection practices in Benin. Insect Science Applicata. 21: 123-132.
    16. Lale, N. E. S. and Vidal S. (2000). Mortality of different developmental stages of Callosobruchus maculatus F. and Callosobruchus subinnotatus Pic. (Coleoptera Bruchidae) in bambara groundnut Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. seeds exposed to simulated solar heat. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 107: 553-559.
    17. Mansour, M. Y. and Al Bacheer M. (1995). Gamma irradiation as a disinfestation and quarantine treatment for faba bean seeds infested with Bruchus dentipes Baudi (Col., Bruchidae). Journal of Applied Entomology. 119: 631-636.
    18. Mbata, G. N., Shu S. and Ramaswamy S. B. (2000). Sex pheromones of Callosobruchus subinnotatus and C. maculatus (Coleoptera Bruchidae): congeneric responses and role of air movement. Bulletin of Entomological Research. 90: 147-154.
    19. Meirleire De H. (1967). La bruche du haricot. Phytoma 19: 11-133.
    20. Mozoz, M., Mozos M. D. and Los Mozos M. D. (1992). Bruchids (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) associated with the cultivation of lentils (Lens culinaris Medikus) in Castilla-La Mancha: species implicated and pest evaluation. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal 18: 347-353.
    21. Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import into India) Order. (2003). (http://plantquarantineindia.nic.in/pqispub/pdffiles/pqorder2015.pdf).
    22. Southgate, B. J. (1978). The importance of the bruchidae as pests of grain legumes, their distribution and control. Singh, S. R., Van Embden H. F. and Taylor A.T. (eds) Pests of Grain Legumes: Ecology and Control. Academic Press, UK. pp 220- 229.
    23. Southgate, B. J. (1979). Biology of the Bruchidae. Annual Review of Entomology. 24: 449-473.
    24. Thakur, D.R. (2012).Taxonomy, Distribution and Pest Status of Indian Biotypes of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) -A New Record. Pakistan Journal of Zoology. 44: 89-195. 
    25. Verma, B. R., Kapur M. L. and Lal B. (1991). A new host record for Bruchus ervi Froelich (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Indian Journal of Entomology. 53: 171-172. 
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