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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 38 issue 3 (june 2015) : 297-302,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00037.5

Genotypic variability in seed storage protein quality and fatty acid Composition of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

R
Reeti Goyal
S
S. Sharma*
1Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India.
Cite article:- Goyal Reeti, Sharma* S. (2025). Genotypic variability in seed storage protein quality and fatty acid Composition of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Legume Research. 38(3): 297-302. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00037.5.

ABSTRACT

Present investigation reports the storage protein quantity and quality as well as fatty acid composition of some locally grown soybean genotypes. Storage protein subunit analysis was done by scanning SDS-PAGE gels by densitometry and fatty acid analysis was done by gas chromatography. Significant genotypic variability was observed in storage protein composition and proportions of different fatty acids in the seed. Out of twenty tested genotypes, ‘PK-1026’ and ‘R-5’ with protein content higher than 41% accumulated higher amounts of glycinin and b-conglycinin. Genotype ‘PK 1026’ showed the highest value for acidic polypeptides of glycinin while genotypes ‘SL 793’, ‘YMV-35’ and ‘R-11’ showed lower values for basic subunit of glycinin and a, a’ & b subunits of b-conglycinin. Genotypes ‘PK 1026’, ‘SEL-P’, ‘SL 592’ and (R-5) with significant higher amounts of glycinin polypeptides could be useful in different breeding programs and their utilisation for specific food functions.

REFERENCES

  1. Adachi, M., Kanamori, J., Masuda, T., Yagasaki, K., Kitamura, K. and Mikami, B. (2003). Crystal structure of soybean 11S globulin: glycinin A3B4 homohexamer. Pror. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 100: 7395-7400.
  2. Adachi, M., Takenaka, Y., Gidamis, A.B., Mikami, B. and Utsumi, S. (2001). Crystal structure of soybean proglycinin A1aB1b homotrimer. J. Mol. Biol., 305: 291-305.
  3. A.O.A.C. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, D.C. Arslanoglu, F., Aytac, S. and Oner, E.K. (2011). Effect of genotype and environment interaction on oil and protein content of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seed. Afr. J. Biotech., 10: 18409-18417.
  4. Beilinson, V., Chen, Z., Shoemaker, R.C., Fischer, R.L., Goldberg, R.B. and Nielsen, N.C. (2002). Genomic organization of glycinin genes in soybean. Theor. Appl. Genet., 104: 1132-1140.
  5. Carrao Panizzi, M.C., Kwanyuen, P., Erhan, S.Z. and Lopes, I O.N. (2008). Genetic variation and environmental effects on beta-conglycinin and glycinin content in Brazilian soybean cultivars. Pesq. Agropec. Bras. Brasília., 43(9): 1105-1114.
  6. Christie, W.W. (1972). Lipid analysis. Pergamon Press, New York. pp 52-56.
  7. Clemente, T.E. and Cahoon, E.B. (2009). Soybean oil: genetic approaches for modification of functionality and total content. Plant Physiol., 151: 1030-1040.
  8. Fehr, W.R., Joseph, A.H., Susan, L J., Patricia, A M., Joel, D.N., Gabe, I.P. and Grace, A.W. (2003). Genotype and environment influence on protein components of soybean. Crop. Sci., 43: 511-514.
  9. Folch, J., Less, M. and Sloane-Stanley, G.H. (1957). A simple method for isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem., 226:497-509.
  10. Gaitonde, M.K. (1967). A spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of cysteine in the presence of other naturally occurring amino acids. J. Biochem., 104: 627-633.
  11. Horn, M. J., Jones, B. and Blum, A.E. (1946). Colorimetric determination of methionine in protein and food. J. Biol. Chem., 166:313-320.
  12. Krishnan, H.B. (2000). Biochemistry and molecular biology of soybean seed storage proteins. J. New Seeds, 2: 1-25.
  13. Krishnan, H.B., Natarajan, S.S., Mahmoud, A.A. and Nelson, R.L. (2007). Identification of glycinin and â-conglycinin subunits that contribute to the increased protein content of high-protein soybean lines. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55: 1839-1845.
  14. Laemmli, U.K. (1970). Cleavage of structural protein during the assembly of the heads of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227: 680-685.
  15. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N. and Farr, A.R. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-275.
  16. Maestri, D.M., Labuckas, D.O., Meriles, J.M., La- marques, A.L., Zygadlo, J.A. and Guzman, C.A. (1998). Seed composition of soybean cultivars evaluated in different environmental regions. J. Sci. Food Agric., 77: 494-498.
  17. Murphy, P.A. and Ressureccion, A.P. (1984). Varietal and environmental differences in soybean glycinin and b conglycinin content. J. Agric. Food Chem., 32: 911-915.
  18. Pesic, M.B., Vucelic-Radovic, B.V., Barac, M.B. and Stanojevic, S.P. (2005). The influence of genotypic variation in protein composition on emulsifying properties of soy proteins. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 82: 667-672.
  19. Poysa, V., Woodrow, L. and Yu, K. (2006). Effect of soy protein subunit composition on tofu quality. Food Res. Int., 39: 309-317.
  20. Thanh, V.H. and Shibasaki, K. (1978). Major proteins of soybean seeds. Subunit structure of â- conglycinin. J. Agric. Food Chem., 26: 692-695.
  21. Yaklich, R.W. (2001). b-conglycinin and glycinin in high-protein soybean seeds and their relationship with tofu quality. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49: 729-735.
  22. Zarkadas, C.G., Gagnon, C., Gleddie, S., Khanizadeh, S., Cober, E.R. and Guillemette, R.J.D. (2007). Assessment of the protein quality of fourteen soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars using amino acid analysis and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Food Res. Int., 40:129-146.
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    volume 38 issue 3 (june 2015) : 297-302,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00037.5

    Genotypic variability in seed storage protein quality and fatty acid Composition of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

    R
    Reeti Goyal
    S
    S. Sharma*
    1Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India.
    Cite article:- Goyal Reeti, Sharma* S. (2025). Genotypic variability in seed storage protein quality and fatty acid Composition of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Legume Research. 38(3): 297-302. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00037.5.

    ABSTRACT

    Present investigation reports the storage protein quantity and quality as well as fatty acid composition of some locally grown soybean genotypes. Storage protein subunit analysis was done by scanning SDS-PAGE gels by densitometry and fatty acid analysis was done by gas chromatography. Significant genotypic variability was observed in storage protein composition and proportions of different fatty acids in the seed. Out of twenty tested genotypes, ‘PK-1026’ and ‘R-5’ with protein content higher than 41% accumulated higher amounts of glycinin and b-conglycinin. Genotype ‘PK 1026’ showed the highest value for acidic polypeptides of glycinin while genotypes ‘SL 793’, ‘YMV-35’ and ‘R-11’ showed lower values for basic subunit of glycinin and a, a’ & b subunits of b-conglycinin. Genotypes ‘PK 1026’, ‘SEL-P’, ‘SL 592’ and (R-5) with significant higher amounts of glycinin polypeptides could be useful in different breeding programs and their utilisation for specific food functions.

    REFERENCES

    1. Adachi, M., Kanamori, J., Masuda, T., Yagasaki, K., Kitamura, K. and Mikami, B. (2003). Crystal structure of soybean 11S globulin: glycinin A3B4 homohexamer. Pror. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 100: 7395-7400.
    2. Adachi, M., Takenaka, Y., Gidamis, A.B., Mikami, B. and Utsumi, S. (2001). Crystal structure of soybean proglycinin A1aB1b homotrimer. J. Mol. Biol., 305: 291-305.
    3. A.O.A.C. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, D.C. Arslanoglu, F., Aytac, S. and Oner, E.K. (2011). Effect of genotype and environment interaction on oil and protein content of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seed. Afr. J. Biotech., 10: 18409-18417.
    4. Beilinson, V., Chen, Z., Shoemaker, R.C., Fischer, R.L., Goldberg, R.B. and Nielsen, N.C. (2002). Genomic organization of glycinin genes in soybean. Theor. Appl. Genet., 104: 1132-1140.
    5. Carrao Panizzi, M.C., Kwanyuen, P., Erhan, S.Z. and Lopes, I O.N. (2008). Genetic variation and environmental effects on beta-conglycinin and glycinin content in Brazilian soybean cultivars. Pesq. Agropec. Bras. Brasília., 43(9): 1105-1114.
    6. Christie, W.W. (1972). Lipid analysis. Pergamon Press, New York. pp 52-56.
    7. Clemente, T.E. and Cahoon, E.B. (2009). Soybean oil: genetic approaches for modification of functionality and total content. Plant Physiol., 151: 1030-1040.
    8. Fehr, W.R., Joseph, A.H., Susan, L J., Patricia, A M., Joel, D.N., Gabe, I.P. and Grace, A.W. (2003). Genotype and environment influence on protein components of soybean. Crop. Sci., 43: 511-514.
    9. Folch, J., Less, M. and Sloane-Stanley, G.H. (1957). A simple method for isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem., 226:497-509.
    10. Gaitonde, M.K. (1967). A spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of cysteine in the presence of other naturally occurring amino acids. J. Biochem., 104: 627-633.
    11. Horn, M. J., Jones, B. and Blum, A.E. (1946). Colorimetric determination of methionine in protein and food. J. Biol. Chem., 166:313-320.
    12. Krishnan, H.B. (2000). Biochemistry and molecular biology of soybean seed storage proteins. J. New Seeds, 2: 1-25.
    13. Krishnan, H.B., Natarajan, S.S., Mahmoud, A.A. and Nelson, R.L. (2007). Identification of glycinin and â-conglycinin subunits that contribute to the increased protein content of high-protein soybean lines. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55: 1839-1845.
    14. Laemmli, U.K. (1970). Cleavage of structural protein during the assembly of the heads of bacteriophage T4. Nature, 227: 680-685.
    15. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N. and Farr, A.R. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-275.
    16. Maestri, D.M., Labuckas, D.O., Meriles, J.M., La- marques, A.L., Zygadlo, J.A. and Guzman, C.A. (1998). Seed composition of soybean cultivars evaluated in different environmental regions. J. Sci. Food Agric., 77: 494-498.
    17. Murphy, P.A. and Ressureccion, A.P. (1984). Varietal and environmental differences in soybean glycinin and b conglycinin content. J. Agric. Food Chem., 32: 911-915.
    18. Pesic, M.B., Vucelic-Radovic, B.V., Barac, M.B. and Stanojevic, S.P. (2005). The influence of genotypic variation in protein composition on emulsifying properties of soy proteins. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 82: 667-672.
    19. Poysa, V., Woodrow, L. and Yu, K. (2006). Effect of soy protein subunit composition on tofu quality. Food Res. Int., 39: 309-317.
    20. Thanh, V.H. and Shibasaki, K. (1978). Major proteins of soybean seeds. Subunit structure of â- conglycinin. J. Agric. Food Chem., 26: 692-695.
    21. Yaklich, R.W. (2001). b-conglycinin and glycinin in high-protein soybean seeds and their relationship with tofu quality. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49: 729-735.
    22. Zarkadas, C.G., Gagnon, C., Gleddie, S., Khanizadeh, S., Cober, E.R. and Guillemette, R.J.D. (2007). Assessment of the protein quality of fourteen soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars using amino acid analysis and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Food Res. Int., 40:129-146.
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