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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 38 issue 3 (june 2015) : 341-347,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00074.0

Effects of previous legume crop levels of nitrogen and sowing date on yield components and some morphological characteristics of corn

Y
Yasar Tuncer Kavut* Hakan Geren
R
Riza Avcioglu
H
Hikmet Soya
1Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
Cite article:- Geren Hakan Kavut* Tuncer Yasar, Avcioglu Riza, Soya Hikmet (2025). Effects of previous legume crop levels of nitrogen and sowing date on yield components and some morphological characteristics of corn. Legume Research. 38(3): 341-347. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00074.0.

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of different previous crops and sowing dates on the grain yield and some other yield components of corn under typical Mediterranean climatic conditions during summer period of 2013 and 2014. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications. The main plots were allocated to three sowing dates (Early Spring, Mid Spring and Late Spring) and sub-plots to previous crops (Vicia sativa, Vicia villosa, Lathyrus sativus, Trifolium resupinatum and Pisum arvense) and three different controls without previous crop (control-1: 100 kg ha-1 N; control-2: 200 kg ha-1 N and control-3: 0 kg ha-1 N). Corn grain yield, yield components (number of ears per plant, number of seeds per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 1000-grain weight) and plant height were assessed. The results showed that late planting date had a significantly negative effect on tested traits and second planting date (mid- spring) produced higher corn grain yield compared to the other dates. The highest corn grain yield (11011 kg ha-1) also occurred in control-2 (200 kg ha-1 N without previous crop) treatment and was significantly different from the other previous crop treatments with 100 kg ha-1 N and controls except Vicia villosa as previous legume crop of which corn grain yield was comparable with it.

REFERENCES

  1. Acikgoz, N., Ilker, E. and Gokcol, A. (2004). Assessment of biological research on the computer. Ege University TOTEM, Izmir.
  2. Adesoji, A.G., Adubakar, I.U. and Labe, D.A (2013). Contributions of short duration legume fallow to maize (Zea mays L.) varieties under different nitrogen levels in a semi-arid environment. American experimental Agriculture, 3(3): 542- 556.
  3. Azadbakht, A., Azadbakht, G., Hasrollahi, H. and Bitarafan, Z. (2012). Evaluation of different planting dates effect on three maize hybrids in Koohdast region of Iran. International Science and Advanced Technology 2(3): 34-38.
  4. Basegio, D., Werncke, I., FerreiraSantos, R., Melegari de Souza, S.N., Dias, P.P., Tomassoni, F., Secco, D. and Frigo, E.P. (2013). Nitrogen fertilization for summer corn in succession to cover crops under direct drilling system in western Paraná-Brazil. African Journal of Agricultural Research 8 (18): 1859-1863.
  5. Casini, P. (2012). Maize production as affected by sowing date, plant density and row spacing in the Bolivian Amazon. Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development 106(2): 75-84.
  6. Dobermann, A.R., Arkebauer, T.J., Cassman, K.G., Drijber, R.A. and Lindquist, J.L. (2003). Understanding corn yield potential in different environments. Annual Report to the Fluid Fertilizer Foundation on grant “Yield potential and optimal soil productivity in irrigated corn systems of the north-central USA”. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi? article=1318&context=agronomyfacpub. (Accessed July 16, 2014).
  7. Dogan, R. and Bilgili, U. (2010). Effects of previous crop and n-fertilization on seed yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under rain-fed mediterranean conditions. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16(6): 733-739.
  8. Farsiani, A., Ghobadi, M.E. and Honarmand, S.J. (2011). The effect of water deficit and sowing date on yield components and seed sugar contents of sweet corn (Zea mays L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(26): 5769-5774.
  9. Finck, A (1991). Düngung ertragssteigernd qualitaeatsverbessernd umweltgerecht, Ulmer GmbH&Co., 174p.
  10. Gul, I., Yildirim, M., Akinci, C., Doran, I. and Kilic, H. (2008). Response of silage maize (Zea mays L.) to nitrogen fertilizer after different crops in a semi arid environment. Turkish Journal Agric. For. 32: 513-520.
  11. Hall, R.C. and Twidwell, E.K. (2002). Effects of Drought Stress on Corn Production. College of Agriculture & Biological Sciences / South Dakota State University / Usda. http://pubstorage.sdstate.edu/AgBio_Publications/articles/ ExEx8033.pdf (Accessed July 30, 2014).
  12. Idikut, L., Tiryaki, I., Tosun, S. and Celep, H. (2009). Nitrogen rate and previous crop effects on some agronomics traits of two corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars Maverik and Bora. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 8(19): 4958-4963.
  13. Idikut, L. and Kara, S.N. (2011). The effects of previous plants and nitrogen rates on second crop corn. Turkish journal of Field Crops 16(2): 239-244.
  14. Jasemi, M. Darabi, F., Naseri, R., Naserirad, H. and Bazdar, S. (2013). Effect of planting date and nitrogen fertilize application on grain yield and yield components in maize (SC704). American-Eurasian Journal Agric. & Envrin. Sci., 13(7): 914-919.
  15. Kirtok, Y. (1998). Corn production and utilization. Kocaoluk yayincilik sanayi ve ticaret ltd. sti. Cagaloglu/Istanbul (in Turkish).
  16. Kwabiah, A.B. (2004). Growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars in response to planting date and plastic mulch in a short-season environment. Sci. Hortic. 102: 147–166.
  17. Lemlem, A (2013). The effect of intercropping maize with cowpea and lablab on crop yield. Herald Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Research Vol. 2(5): 156-170.
  18. Mashreghi, M., Khorasani, S.K. and Darban, A.R.S. (2014). Effect of different methods and plant density on yield and yield component of fodder maize. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 6(1): 44-48.
  19. Mohammadi, G.R. and Ghobadi, M.E. (2010). The effects of different autumn-seeded cover crops on subsequent irrigated corn response to nitrogen. Agricultural Sciences 1(3): 148-153.
  20. Mhike, X., Okori, P. and Magorokosho, C. (2010). Genetic inheritance studies and early generation marker selection in maize breeding for drought tolerance. Second RUFORUM Biennial Meeting, 20 - 24 September, Entebbe/Uganda, p: 389-393.
  21. Namakka, A., Abubakar, I.U., Sadik, I.A., Sharifai, A.I. and Hassas, A.H. (2008). Effect of sowing date and nitrogen level on yield and yield components of two extra early maize varieties (Zea mays L.) in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science vol. 3(2), 1-5.
  22. Ohland, R.A.A., Souza, L.C.F., Hernani, L.C., Marchetti, M.E. and Goncalves, M.C. (2005). Cultures of soil cover and nitrogen fertilization in corn in tillage. Ciencia e agrotecnologia 25: 538-544.
  23. Oktem, A., Oktem, A.G. and Coskun, Y. (2004). Determination of sowing dates of sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata sturt.) under Sanliurfa conditions. Turkish J. Agric. For. 28: 83-91.
  24. Peykarestan, B. and Seify, M. (2012). Sowing date effect on growth and yield attributes of corn (Zea mays everta sturt) grown under different densities. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(31), pp: 4427-4431.
  25. Salem, S.A. and Ali, A.E. (1979). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and varieties on grain yield and some plant characters of maize (Zea mays L.). Field Crop Abstr. 33 (2), 1035 (Abstr. 9881).
  26. Shaw, R.H. (1977). Water use and requirements of maize a review. p: 119-134. In: Agrometeorology of the maize crop. World Meteorology Organization Publication 480.
  27. Suleiman, A.A., Nganya, J.F. and Ashraf, M.A. (2014). Effect of cultivar and sowing date on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Khartoum, Sudan. Journal of Forest Products&Industries, 3(4): 198-203.
  28. Teasdale, J.R., Abdul-Baki, A.A. and Park, Y.B. (2008). Sweet corn production and efficiency of nitrogen use in high cover crop residue. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 28: 559-565.
  29. Werncke, I., Melegari de Souza, S.N., Bassegio, D., Santos, R.F., Dias, P.P., Secco, D., Gurgacz, F., Baricatti, R.A. and Vidal, T.C.M. (2014). Sources and rates of nitrogen in summer corn under no-tillage on winter cover crops. African Journal of Agricultural Research 9(19): 1516-1521.
  30. Zscheischler, J., Estler, M., Staudacher, W., Gross, F., Burgstaller, G. and Rechmann, T. (1990). Handbuch mais, umweltgerechter anbau wirtschaftliche verwertung. DLG- Verlag Frankfurt (Main), 320p.
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    volume 38 issue 3 (june 2015) : 341-347,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00074.0

    Effects of previous legume crop levels of nitrogen and sowing date on yield components and some morphological characteristics of corn

    Y
    Yasar Tuncer Kavut* Hakan Geren
    R
    Riza Avcioglu
    H
    Hikmet Soya
    1Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
    Cite article:- Geren Hakan Kavut* Tuncer Yasar, Avcioglu Riza, Soya Hikmet (2025). Effects of previous legume crop levels of nitrogen and sowing date on yield components and some morphological characteristics of corn. Legume Research. 38(3): 341-347. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2015.00074.0.

    ABSTRACT

    This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of different previous crops and sowing dates on the grain yield and some other yield components of corn under typical Mediterranean climatic conditions during summer period of 2013 and 2014. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications. The main plots were allocated to three sowing dates (Early Spring, Mid Spring and Late Spring) and sub-plots to previous crops (Vicia sativa, Vicia villosa, Lathyrus sativus, Trifolium resupinatum and Pisum arvense) and three different controls without previous crop (control-1: 100 kg ha-1 N; control-2: 200 kg ha-1 N and control-3: 0 kg ha-1 N). Corn grain yield, yield components (number of ears per plant, number of seeds per ear, ear length, ear diameter, 1000-grain weight) and plant height were assessed. The results showed that late planting date had a significantly negative effect on tested traits and second planting date (mid- spring) produced higher corn grain yield compared to the other dates. The highest corn grain yield (11011 kg ha-1) also occurred in control-2 (200 kg ha-1 N without previous crop) treatment and was significantly different from the other previous crop treatments with 100 kg ha-1 N and controls except Vicia villosa as previous legume crop of which corn grain yield was comparable with it.

    REFERENCES

    1. Acikgoz, N., Ilker, E. and Gokcol, A. (2004). Assessment of biological research on the computer. Ege University TOTEM, Izmir.
    2. Adesoji, A.G., Adubakar, I.U. and Labe, D.A (2013). Contributions of short duration legume fallow to maize (Zea mays L.) varieties under different nitrogen levels in a semi-arid environment. American experimental Agriculture, 3(3): 542- 556.
    3. Azadbakht, A., Azadbakht, G., Hasrollahi, H. and Bitarafan, Z. (2012). Evaluation of different planting dates effect on three maize hybrids in Koohdast region of Iran. International Science and Advanced Technology 2(3): 34-38.
    4. Basegio, D., Werncke, I., FerreiraSantos, R., Melegari de Souza, S.N., Dias, P.P., Tomassoni, F., Secco, D. and Frigo, E.P. (2013). Nitrogen fertilization for summer corn in succession to cover crops under direct drilling system in western Paraná-Brazil. African Journal of Agricultural Research 8 (18): 1859-1863.
    5. Casini, P. (2012). Maize production as affected by sowing date, plant density and row spacing in the Bolivian Amazon. Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development 106(2): 75-84.
    6. Dobermann, A.R., Arkebauer, T.J., Cassman, K.G., Drijber, R.A. and Lindquist, J.L. (2003). Understanding corn yield potential in different environments. Annual Report to the Fluid Fertilizer Foundation on grant “Yield potential and optimal soil productivity in irrigated corn systems of the north-central USA”. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi? article=1318&context=agronomyfacpub. (Accessed July 16, 2014).
    7. Dogan, R. and Bilgili, U. (2010). Effects of previous crop and n-fertilization on seed yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under rain-fed mediterranean conditions. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16(6): 733-739.
    8. Farsiani, A., Ghobadi, M.E. and Honarmand, S.J. (2011). The effect of water deficit and sowing date on yield components and seed sugar contents of sweet corn (Zea mays L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(26): 5769-5774.
    9. Finck, A (1991). Düngung ertragssteigernd qualitaeatsverbessernd umweltgerecht, Ulmer GmbH&Co., 174p.
    10. Gul, I., Yildirim, M., Akinci, C., Doran, I. and Kilic, H. (2008). Response of silage maize (Zea mays L.) to nitrogen fertilizer after different crops in a semi arid environment. Turkish Journal Agric. For. 32: 513-520.
    11. Hall, R.C. and Twidwell, E.K. (2002). Effects of Drought Stress on Corn Production. College of Agriculture & Biological Sciences / South Dakota State University / Usda. http://pubstorage.sdstate.edu/AgBio_Publications/articles/ ExEx8033.pdf (Accessed July 30, 2014).
    12. Idikut, L., Tiryaki, I., Tosun, S. and Celep, H. (2009). Nitrogen rate and previous crop effects on some agronomics traits of two corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars Maverik and Bora. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 8(19): 4958-4963.
    13. Idikut, L. and Kara, S.N. (2011). The effects of previous plants and nitrogen rates on second crop corn. Turkish journal of Field Crops 16(2): 239-244.
    14. Jasemi, M. Darabi, F., Naseri, R., Naserirad, H. and Bazdar, S. (2013). Effect of planting date and nitrogen fertilize application on grain yield and yield components in maize (SC704). American-Eurasian Journal Agric. & Envrin. Sci., 13(7): 914-919.
    15. Kirtok, Y. (1998). Corn production and utilization. Kocaoluk yayincilik sanayi ve ticaret ltd. sti. Cagaloglu/Istanbul (in Turkish).
    16. Kwabiah, A.B. (2004). Growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars in response to planting date and plastic mulch in a short-season environment. Sci. Hortic. 102: 147–166.
    17. Lemlem, A (2013). The effect of intercropping maize with cowpea and lablab on crop yield. Herald Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Research Vol. 2(5): 156-170.
    18. Mashreghi, M., Khorasani, S.K. and Darban, A.R.S. (2014). Effect of different methods and plant density on yield and yield component of fodder maize. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 6(1): 44-48.
    19. Mohammadi, G.R. and Ghobadi, M.E. (2010). The effects of different autumn-seeded cover crops on subsequent irrigated corn response to nitrogen. Agricultural Sciences 1(3): 148-153.
    20. Mhike, X., Okori, P. and Magorokosho, C. (2010). Genetic inheritance studies and early generation marker selection in maize breeding for drought tolerance. Second RUFORUM Biennial Meeting, 20 - 24 September, Entebbe/Uganda, p: 389-393.
    21. Namakka, A., Abubakar, I.U., Sadik, I.A., Sharifai, A.I. and Hassas, A.H. (2008). Effect of sowing date and nitrogen level on yield and yield components of two extra early maize varieties (Zea mays L.) in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science vol. 3(2), 1-5.
    22. Ohland, R.A.A., Souza, L.C.F., Hernani, L.C., Marchetti, M.E. and Goncalves, M.C. (2005). Cultures of soil cover and nitrogen fertilization in corn in tillage. Ciencia e agrotecnologia 25: 538-544.
    23. Oktem, A., Oktem, A.G. and Coskun, Y. (2004). Determination of sowing dates of sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata sturt.) under Sanliurfa conditions. Turkish J. Agric. For. 28: 83-91.
    24. Peykarestan, B. and Seify, M. (2012). Sowing date effect on growth and yield attributes of corn (Zea mays everta sturt) grown under different densities. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(31), pp: 4427-4431.
    25. Salem, S.A. and Ali, A.E. (1979). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and varieties on grain yield and some plant characters of maize (Zea mays L.). Field Crop Abstr. 33 (2), 1035 (Abstr. 9881).
    26. Shaw, R.H. (1977). Water use and requirements of maize a review. p: 119-134. In: Agrometeorology of the maize crop. World Meteorology Organization Publication 480.
    27. Suleiman, A.A., Nganya, J.F. and Ashraf, M.A. (2014). Effect of cultivar and sowing date on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Khartoum, Sudan. Journal of Forest Products&Industries, 3(4): 198-203.
    28. Teasdale, J.R., Abdul-Baki, A.A. and Park, Y.B. (2008). Sweet corn production and efficiency of nitrogen use in high cover crop residue. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 28: 559-565.
    29. Werncke, I., Melegari de Souza, S.N., Bassegio, D., Santos, R.F., Dias, P.P., Secco, D., Gurgacz, F., Baricatti, R.A. and Vidal, T.C.M. (2014). Sources and rates of nitrogen in summer corn under no-tillage on winter cover crops. African Journal of Agricultural Research 9(19): 1516-1521.
    30. Zscheischler, J., Estler, M., Staudacher, W., Gross, F., Burgstaller, G. and Rechmann, T. (1990). Handbuch mais, umweltgerechter anbau wirtschaftliche verwertung. DLG- Verlag Frankfurt (Main), 320p.
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