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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 37 issue 4 (august 2014) : 363-371,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2014.00645.6

THE INFLUENCE OF INOCULATION AND NITROGEN TREATMENTS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) CULTIVARS

S
S. Kagan1
N
N. Kayan2*
1Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey
Cite article:- Kagan1 S., Kayan2* N. (2025). THE INFLUENCE OF INOCULATION AND NITROGEN TREATMENTS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) CULTIVARS. Legume Research. 37(4): 363-371. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2014.00645.6.

ABSTRACT

The field experiment was arranged in split plots based on randomised complete block design with three replications.  In order to eliminate the contamination, treatments (C:control, BI:bacteria inoculation, N: nitrogen fertilization, BI+N: bacteria inoculation+nitrogen fertilization) were in main plots and cultivars (Isik-05, Yasa-05, Azkan, Hisar) were sub-plots. According to two-year results, N caused significant increases in pod number per plant and seed number per plant, BI caused significantly increases in only pod number per plant. However N+BI had no positive effect over control. Thus, N and BI can not be suggested together. There were no significant differences among the cultivars with respect to seed yield and BI always caused same or higher seed yield. While cultivar Azkan produced similar seed yield in wet year, its performance was better in the dry year. Thus, cultivar Azkan and bacteria inoculation can be suggested together for sustainable chickpea production in central Anatolia and similar ecological conditions.

REFERENCES

  1. Afza, R., Hardarson, G. and Zapata, F. (1987). Effect of Delayed Soil and Foliar N Fertilization on Yield and N2 Fixation of Soybean. Plant Soil 9: 361–368.
  2. Akdag, C. and Sehirali, S. (1995). Bakteri (Rhizobium ssp.) Asilama, Azot Dozlari ve Ekim Sikliginin Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’un Verim ve Verim Unsurlarina Etkileri. J. Agric. Fac. Gaziosmanpasa Uni. 12:122-134.
  3. Anjum, M.S., Ahmed, Z.I. and Rauf, C.A. (2006). Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Mungbean. Int. J. Agric. and Biol. 8(2): 238-240.
  4. Anonymous, (2012). http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor (01.09.2013)
  5. Aydin, N. (1988). Ankara Kosullarinda Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Ekim Zamani ve Bitki Sikliginin Verim, Verim Komponentleri ve Antraknoza Olan Etkileri. Ankara University Science Institute, PhD thesis.
  6. Babagil, G.E. (2010). Erzincan Ekolojik Kosullarinda Bazi Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Çesitlerinin Verim ve Verim Özelliklerinin Incelenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. Adnan Menderes Uni. 7(1): 7-10.
  7. Bakhsh, A., Arshad, M. and Haqqani, A.M. (2006). Effect of Genotype x Environment Interaction on Relationship Between Grain Yield and Its Components in Chickpea [Cicer arietinum (L.)]. Pak. J. Bot. 38(3): 683-690.
  8. Biçer, T. and Sakar, D. (2008). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Tohum Iriligine Yönelik Seleksiyonun Verim ve Verim Ögelerine Etkisi. Anadolu J. Agric. Sci. 27(1): 17-22.
  9. Brkic, S., Milakoviç, A., Kristek, A. and Antunoviç, M. (2004). Pea Yield and Its Quality Depending on Inoculation, Nitrogen and Molybdenum Fertilization. Plant Soil Environ. 1:39-45.
  10. Buttery, B.R. and Dirks, V.A. (1987). The Effect of Soybean Cultivar, Rhizobium Strain and Nitrate on Plant Growth, Nodule Mass and Acetylene Reduction Rate. Plant Soil. 98: 285–293.
  11. Buttery, B.R., Park, S.J. and Findlay, W.I. (1987). Growth and Yield of White Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Response to Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer and to Inoculation with Rhizobium. Can. J. Plt. Sci. 67: 425-432.
  12. Davidson, I.A. and Robson, M.J. (1986). Effect of Contrasting Patterns of Nitrate Uptake, N2-Fixation, Nodulation and Growth of White Clover. Ann. Bot. 57: 331–338.
  13. Eaglesham, A.R.J. (1989). Nitrate Inhibition of Root Nodule Symbiosis in Doubly Rooted Soybean Plants. Crop Sci. 29:115–119.
  14. Erman, M. and Tüfenkçi, S. (2004). Farkli Ekim Zamanlarinin Nohutta (Cicer arietinum L.) Verim ve Verim Ile Ilgili Karakterlere Etkisi. J. Agric. Sci. 10(3): 342-345.
  15. Erman, M., Ari, E., Togay, Y. and Çig, F. (2009). Response of Field Pea (Pisum sativum Sp. arvense L.) to Rhizobium Inoculation and Nitrogen Application in Eastern Anatolia. J. Ani. and Veter. Avdan. 8(4): 612-616.
  16. Gül, M.K., Egesel, C.Ö., Kahriman, F. and Tayyar, S. (2006). Çanakkale Yöresinde Nohut Bitkisinin Kislik Olarak Yetistirilebilme Olanaklari. J. Agric. Fac. of Uludag Uni. 20(1): 57-66.
  17. Kaçar, O., Çakmak, F., Çöplü, N. and Azkan, N. (2004a). Bursa Kosullarinda Bazi Kuru Fasulye Çesitlerinde (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Bakteri Asilama ve Degisik Azot Dozlarinin Verim ve Verim Unsurlari Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Uludag Uni. 18 (1): 207-218.
  18. Kaçar, O., Çakmak, F., Çöplü, N. and Azkan, N. (2004b). Bursa Kosullarinda Bazi Nohut Çesit ve Hatlarinda (Cicer arietinum L.) Bakteri Asilama ve Degisik Azot Dozlarinin Verim ve Verim Unsurlari Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Uludag Uni. 18(2): 123-135.
  19. Kaçar, O., Göksu, E. and Azkan, N. (2005). Bursa Kosullarinda Farkli Bakteri Suslari Ile Asilamanin Bazi Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Çesit ve Hatlarinda Verim ve Verim Ögeleri Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Ege Uni. 42(3): 21-32.
  20. Karaköy, T. (2008). Çukurova ve Orta Anadolu Bölgelerinden Toplanan Bazi Yerel (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotiplerinin Verim ve Verimle Igili Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Arastirma. Çukurova University Science Institute, PhD thesis.
  21. Kaya, M.D., Çiftçi, C.Y. and Kaya, M. (2002). Bakteri Asilamasi ve Azot Dozlarinin Bezelye (Pisum sativum L.)’de Verim ve Verim Ögelerine Etkileri. J. Agric. Sci. 8(4): 300-305. 
  22. Korkmaz, Y. and Anlarsal, A.E. (2002). Çukurova Kosullarinda Bazi Kislik Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Hatlarinin Verim ve Verimle Igili Özelliklerinin Saptanmasi Üzerine Arastirmalar. Çukurova University Science Institute.
  23. Lopez-Bellido, L., Lopez-Bellido, R.J., Castillo, J.E. and Lopez-Bellido, F.J. (2004). Chickpea Response to Tillage and Soil Residual Nitrogen in Continuos Rotation with Wheat. Field Crops Res. 88 (2-3): 191-200.
  24. Nadeem, M.A., Ahmad, R. and Ahmad, M.S. (2004). Effect of Seed Inoculation and Different Fertilizer Levels on the Growth and Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). J. Argon. 3(1): 40-42.Önder, M. (1992). Bodur Kuru Fasulye Çesitlerinin Tane Verimine ve Morfolojik, Fenolojik, Teknolojik Özelliklerine Bakteri Asilama ve Azot Uygulamalarinin Etkisi. Selçuk University Science Institute, PhD thesis.
  25. Palmar, K.M. and Young, P.W. (2000). Higher Diversity of Rhizobium Leguminosarum Biovar Viciae Populations in Arable Soils Than in Grass Soils. Appl. and Environ. Microbiolog. 66: 2445-2450.
  26. SAS Institute (1998). Statistical Analysis System Institute: Stat View Reference Manual. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
  27. Sögüt, T. (2005). Asilama ve Azotlu Gübre Uygulamasinin Bazi Soya Çesitlerinin Verim ve Verim Özelliklerine Etkisi. J. Agric. Fac. of Akdeniz Uni. 18(2): 213-218.
  28. Sanli, A., Kaya, M. and Kara, B. (2009). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ ta Yabanci Ot Mücadele Zamanlari ile Herbisit Uygulamalarinin Verim ve Bazi Verim Unsurlarina Etkileri. J. Agric. Sci of Anadolu. 24(1): 13-20.
  29. Tahir, M.M., Abbasi, M.K., Rahim, N., Khalid, A. and Kazmi, M.H. (2009). Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation and NP Fertilization on Growth, Yield and Nodulation of Soybean (Glycine max L.) in the Sub-Humid Hilly Region of Rawalekot Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. African J. Biotech. 8(22): 6191-6200.
  30. Thies, J.E., Woomer, P.L. and Singleton, P.W. (1995). Enrichment of Bradyrhizobium Spp, Populations in Soil Due To Cropping of the Homologous Host Legume. Soil Biol. and Bioc. 27: 633-636.
  31. Tosun, O. and Eser, D. (1975). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Ekim Sikligi Arastirmalari, I. Ekim Sikliginin Verim Üzerine Etkileri. Ankara Üni. Agirc. Fac. 25(1): 171-180.
  32. Türk, Z. (1999). Güneydogu Anadolu Kosullarinda Yüksek Verimli, Iri Taneli Yazlik Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Çesitlerinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Harran Uni.. 3(1-2): 31-38.
  33. Yagmur, M. and Engin, M. (2005). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Fosfor ve Azot Dozlari ile Bakteri (Rhizobium ciceri) Asilamanin Bazi Morfolojik Özellikler ile Tane Verimi Üzerine Etkileri ve Bazi Bitkisel Özellikler Arasindaki Ýliskiler. J. Agric. Fac. of Yüzüncü Yil Uni. 15 (2):103-112.
  34. Yücel, D.Ö., Anlarsal, A.E. and Yücel, C. (2006). Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield, and Yield Components in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Turkish J. Agri. and Forest. 30:183-188.
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    volume 37 issue 4 (august 2014) : 363-371,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2014.00645.6

    THE INFLUENCE OF INOCULATION AND NITROGEN TREATMENTS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) CULTIVARS

    S
    S. Kagan1
    N
    N. Kayan2*
    1Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26480, Eskisehir, Turkey
    Cite article:- Kagan1 S., Kayan2* N. (2025). THE INFLUENCE OF INOCULATION AND NITROGEN TREATMENTS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) CULTIVARS. Legume Research. 37(4): 363-371. doi: 10.5958/0976-0571.2014.00645.6.

    ABSTRACT

    The field experiment was arranged in split plots based on randomised complete block design with three replications.  In order to eliminate the contamination, treatments (C:control, BI:bacteria inoculation, N: nitrogen fertilization, BI+N: bacteria inoculation+nitrogen fertilization) were in main plots and cultivars (Isik-05, Yasa-05, Azkan, Hisar) were sub-plots. According to two-year results, N caused significant increases in pod number per plant and seed number per plant, BI caused significantly increases in only pod number per plant. However N+BI had no positive effect over control. Thus, N and BI can not be suggested together. There were no significant differences among the cultivars with respect to seed yield and BI always caused same or higher seed yield. While cultivar Azkan produced similar seed yield in wet year, its performance was better in the dry year. Thus, cultivar Azkan and bacteria inoculation can be suggested together for sustainable chickpea production in central Anatolia and similar ecological conditions.

    REFERENCES

    1. Afza, R., Hardarson, G. and Zapata, F. (1987). Effect of Delayed Soil and Foliar N Fertilization on Yield and N2 Fixation of Soybean. Plant Soil 9: 361–368.
    2. Akdag, C. and Sehirali, S. (1995). Bakteri (Rhizobium ssp.) Asilama, Azot Dozlari ve Ekim Sikliginin Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’un Verim ve Verim Unsurlarina Etkileri. J. Agric. Fac. Gaziosmanpasa Uni. 12:122-134.
    3. Anjum, M.S., Ahmed, Z.I. and Rauf, C.A. (2006). Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Mungbean. Int. J. Agric. and Biol. 8(2): 238-240.
    4. Anonymous, (2012). http://faostat.fao.org/site/567/default.aspx#ancor (01.09.2013)
    5. Aydin, N. (1988). Ankara Kosullarinda Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Ekim Zamani ve Bitki Sikliginin Verim, Verim Komponentleri ve Antraknoza Olan Etkileri. Ankara University Science Institute, PhD thesis.
    6. Babagil, G.E. (2010). Erzincan Ekolojik Kosullarinda Bazi Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Çesitlerinin Verim ve Verim Özelliklerinin Incelenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. Adnan Menderes Uni. 7(1): 7-10.
    7. Bakhsh, A., Arshad, M. and Haqqani, A.M. (2006). Effect of Genotype x Environment Interaction on Relationship Between Grain Yield and Its Components in Chickpea [Cicer arietinum (L.)]. Pak. J. Bot. 38(3): 683-690.
    8. Biçer, T. and Sakar, D. (2008). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Tohum Iriligine Yönelik Seleksiyonun Verim ve Verim Ögelerine Etkisi. Anadolu J. Agric. Sci. 27(1): 17-22.
    9. Brkic, S., Milakoviç, A., Kristek, A. and Antunoviç, M. (2004). Pea Yield and Its Quality Depending on Inoculation, Nitrogen and Molybdenum Fertilization. Plant Soil Environ. 1:39-45.
    10. Buttery, B.R. and Dirks, V.A. (1987). The Effect of Soybean Cultivar, Rhizobium Strain and Nitrate on Plant Growth, Nodule Mass and Acetylene Reduction Rate. Plant Soil. 98: 285–293.
    11. Buttery, B.R., Park, S.J. and Findlay, W.I. (1987). Growth and Yield of White Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Response to Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer and to Inoculation with Rhizobium. Can. J. Plt. Sci. 67: 425-432.
    12. Davidson, I.A. and Robson, M.J. (1986). Effect of Contrasting Patterns of Nitrate Uptake, N2-Fixation, Nodulation and Growth of White Clover. Ann. Bot. 57: 331–338.
    13. Eaglesham, A.R.J. (1989). Nitrate Inhibition of Root Nodule Symbiosis in Doubly Rooted Soybean Plants. Crop Sci. 29:115–119.
    14. Erman, M. and Tüfenkçi, S. (2004). Farkli Ekim Zamanlarinin Nohutta (Cicer arietinum L.) Verim ve Verim Ile Ilgili Karakterlere Etkisi. J. Agric. Sci. 10(3): 342-345.
    15. Erman, M., Ari, E., Togay, Y. and Çig, F. (2009). Response of Field Pea (Pisum sativum Sp. arvense L.) to Rhizobium Inoculation and Nitrogen Application in Eastern Anatolia. J. Ani. and Veter. Avdan. 8(4): 612-616.
    16. Gül, M.K., Egesel, C.Ö., Kahriman, F. and Tayyar, S. (2006). Çanakkale Yöresinde Nohut Bitkisinin Kislik Olarak Yetistirilebilme Olanaklari. J. Agric. Fac. of Uludag Uni. 20(1): 57-66.
    17. Kaçar, O., Çakmak, F., Çöplü, N. and Azkan, N. (2004a). Bursa Kosullarinda Bazi Kuru Fasulye Çesitlerinde (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Bakteri Asilama ve Degisik Azot Dozlarinin Verim ve Verim Unsurlari Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Uludag Uni. 18 (1): 207-218.
    18. Kaçar, O., Çakmak, F., Çöplü, N. and Azkan, N. (2004b). Bursa Kosullarinda Bazi Nohut Çesit ve Hatlarinda (Cicer arietinum L.) Bakteri Asilama ve Degisik Azot Dozlarinin Verim ve Verim Unsurlari Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Uludag Uni. 18(2): 123-135.
    19. Kaçar, O., Göksu, E. and Azkan, N. (2005). Bursa Kosullarinda Farkli Bakteri Suslari Ile Asilamanin Bazi Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Çesit ve Hatlarinda Verim ve Verim Ögeleri Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Ege Uni. 42(3): 21-32.
    20. Karaköy, T. (2008). Çukurova ve Orta Anadolu Bölgelerinden Toplanan Bazi Yerel (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotiplerinin Verim ve Verimle Igili Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Arastirma. Çukurova University Science Institute, PhD thesis.
    21. Kaya, M.D., Çiftçi, C.Y. and Kaya, M. (2002). Bakteri Asilamasi ve Azot Dozlarinin Bezelye (Pisum sativum L.)’de Verim ve Verim Ögelerine Etkileri. J. Agric. Sci. 8(4): 300-305. 
    22. Korkmaz, Y. and Anlarsal, A.E. (2002). Çukurova Kosullarinda Bazi Kislik Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Hatlarinin Verim ve Verimle Igili Özelliklerinin Saptanmasi Üzerine Arastirmalar. Çukurova University Science Institute.
    23. Lopez-Bellido, L., Lopez-Bellido, R.J., Castillo, J.E. and Lopez-Bellido, F.J. (2004). Chickpea Response to Tillage and Soil Residual Nitrogen in Continuos Rotation with Wheat. Field Crops Res. 88 (2-3): 191-200.
    24. Nadeem, M.A., Ahmad, R. and Ahmad, M.S. (2004). Effect of Seed Inoculation and Different Fertilizer Levels on the Growth and Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). J. Argon. 3(1): 40-42.Önder, M. (1992). Bodur Kuru Fasulye Çesitlerinin Tane Verimine ve Morfolojik, Fenolojik, Teknolojik Özelliklerine Bakteri Asilama ve Azot Uygulamalarinin Etkisi. Selçuk University Science Institute, PhD thesis.
    25. Palmar, K.M. and Young, P.W. (2000). Higher Diversity of Rhizobium Leguminosarum Biovar Viciae Populations in Arable Soils Than in Grass Soils. Appl. and Environ. Microbiolog. 66: 2445-2450.
    26. SAS Institute (1998). Statistical Analysis System Institute: Stat View Reference Manual. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
    27. Sögüt, T. (2005). Asilama ve Azotlu Gübre Uygulamasinin Bazi Soya Çesitlerinin Verim ve Verim Özelliklerine Etkisi. J. Agric. Fac. of Akdeniz Uni. 18(2): 213-218.
    28. Sanli, A., Kaya, M. and Kara, B. (2009). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ ta Yabanci Ot Mücadele Zamanlari ile Herbisit Uygulamalarinin Verim ve Bazi Verim Unsurlarina Etkileri. J. Agric. Sci of Anadolu. 24(1): 13-20.
    29. Tahir, M.M., Abbasi, M.K., Rahim, N., Khalid, A. and Kazmi, M.H. (2009). Effect of Rhizobium Inoculation and NP Fertilization on Growth, Yield and Nodulation of Soybean (Glycine max L.) in the Sub-Humid Hilly Region of Rawalekot Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. African J. Biotech. 8(22): 6191-6200.
    30. Thies, J.E., Woomer, P.L. and Singleton, P.W. (1995). Enrichment of Bradyrhizobium Spp, Populations in Soil Due To Cropping of the Homologous Host Legume. Soil Biol. and Bioc. 27: 633-636.
    31. Tosun, O. and Eser, D. (1975). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Ekim Sikligi Arastirmalari, I. Ekim Sikliginin Verim Üzerine Etkileri. Ankara Üni. Agirc. Fac. 25(1): 171-180.
    32. Türk, Z. (1999). Güneydogu Anadolu Kosullarinda Yüksek Verimli, Iri Taneli Yazlik Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Çesitlerinin Belirlenmesi. J. Agric. Fac. of Harran Uni.. 3(1-2): 31-38.
    33. Yagmur, M. and Engin, M. (2005). Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ta Fosfor ve Azot Dozlari ile Bakteri (Rhizobium ciceri) Asilamanin Bazi Morfolojik Özellikler ile Tane Verimi Üzerine Etkileri ve Bazi Bitkisel Özellikler Arasindaki Ýliskiler. J. Agric. Fac. of Yüzüncü Yil Uni. 15 (2):103-112.
    34. Yücel, D.Ö., Anlarsal, A.E. and Yücel, C. (2006). Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield, and Yield Components in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Turkish J. Agri. and Forest. 30:183-188.
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