Indian Journal of Animal Research

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Research Article

Indian Journal of Animal Research, volume 54 issue 9 (september 2020) : 1063-1068

Systemic Effects and Clinical Application of Medetomidine in Animals: A Review

Rajesh Kumar, M. Singh, N.K. Verma, Akash, Sasikala R., R. Kumar, M. Hoque
1Division of Veterinary Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India. 
Cite article:- Kumar Rajesh, Singh M., Verma N.K., Akash, R. Sasikala, Kumar R., Hoque M. (2020). Systemic Effects and Clinical Application of Medetomidine in Animals: A Review. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 54(9): 1063-1068. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3864.

ABSTRACT

Medetomidine is most potent á-2 adrenergic selective agonist, produces consistent sedation, anxiolysis and muscle relaxation, which makes it a popular sedative agent in veterinary anaesthesia. It produces dose dependent sedation and analgesia in animals. In veterinary practice it is used for premedication and as an adjunct to general anaesthesia in several species. Similar to other alpha-2 agonists it exerts its effect through the action on alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. The sedative and anxiolytic effects of á-2 agonists are mediated by agonism of supraspinal autoreceptors situated in the pons, whereas analgesic effects are mediated by agonism of heteroreceptors located in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Medetomidine through stimulation of central and peripheral adrenoreceptors, significantly affect cardiovascular function. Medetomidine reduces both rate and depth of respiration. Medetomidine generally used along with butorphanol for premedication prior to induction of general anaesthesia. Medetomidine administration reduces both injectable and inhalant anesthetic requirements in several species.  

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